The document discusses the dot as the smallest visual element in art. Dots can be connected to create shapes, volume, and a sense of depth. Dots are often used in multitudes or combinations to form patterns, movement, and the illusion of three-dimensionality. Pointillism is introduced as a technique using tiny dots of color placed close together to form images and blend colors when viewed from a distance. The document encourages observing how Pointillist paintings mix dots of different colors and challenges the reader to make a drawing composed solely of dots.