Minerals

What is a Mineral? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Naturally Occurring ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Inorganic ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Solid ,[object Object],- H 2 O as ice in a glacier is a mineral, but water is not.

Definite Crystal Structure ,[object Object],Apatite Feldspar Diamond Quartz ,[object Object]

Definite Chemical Formula ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Types of minerals ,[object Object],[object Object]

Silicates ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Feldspar ,[object Object],Feldspar ,[object Object]

Biotite Mica ,[object Object],[object Object]

Quartz ,[object Object],[object Object]

Nonsilicates ,[object Object],[object Object]

Classes of nonsilicates ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Native Elements ,[object Object],[object Object]

Carbonates ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Halides ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Fluorite

Oxides ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sulfates ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Gypsum

Sulfides ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Galena

Composition of the Earth’s Crust ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Where Do Minerals Come From? Magma Evaporation In general, minerals form in two ways: Cooling magma - Crystallization of melted materials From solution - Crystallization of materials dissolved in water At the surface Beneath the surface

Magma ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Size of Crystals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Minerals from Hot Water Solutions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Minerals formed by Evaporation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Minerals formed by Metamorphism ,[object Object],[object Object]

How Are Minerals Identified? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Color ,[object Object],- Some minerals are the same color as others - Some minerals can have many colors ,[object Object],QUARTZ ROSE QUARTZ SMOKY QUARTZ

Luster ,[object Object],Glassy- Obsidian

Examples of luster ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hardness ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Mohs Mineral Hardness Scale ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Softest Hardest 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Streak ,[object Object],[object Object]

Density ,[object Object],[object Object]

Crystal Shape ,[object Object]

Cleavage and Fracture ,[object Object],[object Object],Obsidian No Cleavage 1 Direction of Cleavage Conchoidal Fracture BIOTITE QUARTZ

Special Properties ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Economic Importance of Minerals ,[object Object]

Every American Requires 40,000 Pounds of New Minerals per Year ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Minerals

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Minerals