3. Overview
939 Development of a National Identity
1870 French Control Japanese Control
1890-1940 1940-1945
1945 Attempts to gain independence
Proclamation of Independence
Ho Chi Minh
War with France
Geneva Agreements
1954 Division of Vietnam
Ngo Dinh Diem and the Vietcong
Involvement of the American forces
1968 Communist drive to reunify Vietnam
Communist Success
1975
Reunification of Vietnam
5. Term ‘Indochina’ refers to the mixture of Indian and
Chinese cultures in the region
Origin of Vietnam is China, Cambodia (Khmer) is India
and Lao is from China’s Yunnan province.
The three countries have never formed a single nation.
6. The Chinese introduced Confucianism to
Vietnam and the code of respect for authority,
duty to family, and a desire for learning.
Buddhism also came from China
and also India with an emphasis
on withdrawing from the material world
7. Cooperative Society
The Vietnamese economy is based on the wet rice farming of China
which requires cooperative labour.
8. Cooperative farms led to village formation.
Villages were the basis of Vietnamese society.Villages
would later link to resist foreign invasion. This also led
to a sense of identity.
China dominated Vietnam for nearly a thousand years.
Vietnam’s ancient name, Annam, is Chinese for ‘pacified
south’.
10. Europeans travelled to Vietnam in the 16th Century.
The Vietnamese resisted attempts to establish any permanent
control.
Roman Catholic missionaries had some success and many
Vietnamese adopted Christianity.
Many Catholic priests became village leaders.
Christianity undermined the Vietnamese beliefs in ancestor
worship and the sacredness of land
11. Missionaries disrupted the lifestyle of traditional
Vietnam.
During the 16th Century Vietnam fell apart.
Competing families engaged in power struggles that
carved up the country and led to north-south
rivalry.
After many years of conflict, the Nguyen dynasty
reunified Vietnam after the defeat of other groups.
12. Revolts against the Nguyen dynasty were frequent and
brutal actions such as execution were used to establish
control.
Under Napoleon III the French
intervened and began their century
of occupation.
Napoleon III (Napoleon’s nephew)
13. In 1859, in order to protect persecuted Catholic
missionaries, the French invaded Annam
By 1867 they had conquered the
south, which became the French colony
of Cochin China. By 1885, they had
established protectorates over central
Vietnam (Annam) and the north
(Tonkin) as well.
