9. Overview of Civil
War Strategy
Anaconda Plan:
1. US Navy blockades
CSA
2. US riverboats and
armies move down
Miss R. to split
CSA
3. US captures
Richmond, VA.
15. Bull Run → Lincoln
calls for 500,000 men!
McClellan → head of
Army of the Potomac
16. Civil War Battles
Ft. Sumter, SC
4/12/61
Actions: Outcomes:
First Bull Run
(Manassas)
7/21/61
Two inexperienced armies clash in
N. VA.
Jackson stands like “stone wall.”
US army retreats to DC
CSA morale boosted
US tries to resupply Ft. Sumter;
CSA fires
First shots fired
CSA = aggressor
20. Peninsular Campaign
Mar-Aug 1862
Antietam
9/17/62
VA/MD: McClellan’s US Army
lands in S. VA and marches on
Richmond
JEB Stuart’s CSA cavalry cuts
off McClellan taking prisoners
and supplies
CSA defends Richmond due
to superior military
leadership
Lee (CSA) takes offensive,
invades MD.
McClellan’s troops find Lee’s
plans and moves to defend.
Lee’s invasion fails; McClellan
allows Lee to retreat to VA.
Lincoln fires McClellan; makes
Emancipation Proclamation.
Actions: Outcomes:
33. Extensive Legislation Passed
Without the South in Congress
1861 – Morrill Tariff Act
1862 – Homestead Act
1862 – Legal Tender Act
1862 – Morrill Land Grant Act
1862 – Emancipation Proclamation
(1/1/1863)
1863 – Pacific Railway Act
1863 – National Bank Act
41. Four score and seven years ago our fathers
brought forth, upon this continent, a new
nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to
the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing
whether that nation, or any nation so conceived,
and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met
here on a great battlefield of that war. We have
come to dedicate a portion of it as a final
resting place for those who here gave their lives
that that nation might live. It is altogether
fitting and proper that we should do this.
42. But in a larger sense we can not dedicate - we
can not consecrate - we can not hallow this
ground. The brave men, living and dead, who
struggled, here, have consecrated it far above
our poor power to add or detract. The world will
little note, nor long remember, what we say
here, but can never forget what they did here.
43. It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated
here to the unfinished work which they have,
thus far, so nobly carried on. It is rather for us
to be here dedicated to the great task remaining
before us - that from these honored dead we
take increased devotion to that cause for which
they here gave the last full measure of devotion
- that we here highly resolve that these dead
shall not have died in vain; that this nation shall
have a new birth of freedom; and that this
government of the people, by the people, for
the people, shall not perish from the earth.
44. Gettysburg, PA
July 1-3, 1863
Vicksburg, MS
April-July 1863
Lee invades PA.
CSA attack for 3 days; ends with
unsuccessful Pickett’s Charge.
‘High tide’ of CSA
Bloodiest battle in
American history.
Turning point of the war!
CSA never invades again;
defeat is inevitable.
Grant lays siege; Vicksburg
surrenders after 6 wks.
CSA loses control of Miss R.
CSA split in two
Actions: Outcomes:
45. Politics of War
Habeas corpus – right of accused to see court
and hear charges suspended by Lincoln
Copperheads – N Dems who advocated peace
with the south
64. Sherman’s March to the Sea
May– Dec 1864
Wilderness Campaign →
Petersburg →
Appomattox Courthouse, VA
Summer 1864 - Apr 1865
Sherman takes Atlanta, drives
to Savannah
Scorched earth from
GA to Carolinas breaks
Southern morale
US fights up James R. and lays
siege to Petersburg for 10 mos.
Petersburg falls Richmond
abandoned
Lee escapes but surrenders to
Grant at Appomattox
Courthouse, VA. one wk later
Lee surrenders Army
of Northern Virginia
end of major
fighting
Last CSA surrender by
end of May
Actions: Outcomes:
