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‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬
                 ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﺍﻵﻤﻥ‬

                   ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭ ﺠﻤﺎل ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬
             ‫ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺩﺴﺔ – ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺸﻤﻴﺔ‬

                  ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺩﺱ ﻨﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﻱ‬
        ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ‬

                            ‫ﻭ‬
                    ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻴﻨﺎ ﺸﺒﻴﺏ‬
     ‫ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺩﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ –ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬

                      ‫ﻋﻤﺎﻥ -٥٠٠٢‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺹ :‬
‫ﺘﻌﺎﻨـﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠـﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤـﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺸﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺼﻌﻭﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﻤﺤﺩﺩﺍﺕ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ، ﺘﺘﻤﺜل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴـﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺨﺘﻨﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ. ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ‬

‫ﻭﺸـﺩﺓ ﻓﻅﺎﻋـﺔ ﻨـﺘﺎﺌﺠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ) ﺍﻟﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ، ﺍﻹﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ، ﺍﻹﻋﺎﻗﺎﺕ....ﺇﻟﺦ( ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤـﺜﻠﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺴـﺎﺌﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻫﻅﺔ ) ﺜﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺎﺕ، ﻗﻁﻊ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺎﺭ، ﺘﻜﺎﻟﻴﻑ ﺍﻹﺼﻼﺤﺎﺕ، ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺩﻭﺭ، ﺃﺠﻭﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠـﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺒـﻴﺔ، ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ...ﺇﻟﺦ(. ﻭﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺄﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﺍﻵﻤﻥ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ، ﻨﺸﺄﺕ ﻓﻜﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻋﻘﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ. ﻭﺘﻬﺩﻑ ﻫﺫﻩ‬

‫ﺍﻟـﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﻭﻋﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠـﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤـﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻀﺒﻁ ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺃﺸﺨﺎﺹ ﻤﺘﻁﻭﻋﻴﻥ، ﺴﻌﻴﹰ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ‬
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‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ. ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﺴﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﺒﻌﺽ ﻤﻨﺠﺯﺍﺕ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺤﺔ ﻟﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺃﺩﺍﺌﻬﻡ ﻭﺘﻔﻌﻴل‬

                                                                ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺴﺎﻨﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ.‬



‫ﻭﻤﻤـﺎ ﻻ ﺸـﻙ ﻓـﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻀﺎﻓﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻤﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻴﻭﺤـﻲ ﺒﺎﻻﻨﺘﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺔ، ﻭﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺄﻜﻴﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺭﺘﻜﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻭﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺘﺭﻭﻥ. ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﻨﻅﺭﹰ ﻟﻐﻴﺎﺏ ﺁﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻨﻅﻡ ﻋﻤل ﻭﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ‬
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‫ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻻﺭﺘﻘﺎﺀ ﺒﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ، ﻓﺈﻥ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬

                                                   ‫ﻻ ﺯﺍل ﻤﺘﻭﺍﻀﻌﹰ ﻭﻟﻡ ﻴﺭﻗﻰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﻤﻭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺠﻭﺓ.‬
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‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ:‬

‫ﺘﻌﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺩﻭل ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ، ﺒﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺩﻭل ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ، ﻤﻥ ﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﺘﻔﺎﻗﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻭﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﻭﺍﻹﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺠﻤﺔ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ. ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﺸﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺩﺓ ﺒﺎﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ‬

‫ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻗﺩ ﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩﺕ ﺒﺎﻁﺭﺍﺩ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻭﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻴﺔ، ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴـﺭﺓ ﻭﺘﺤﺴﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺨل ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺸﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻁﺭﺃﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻨﻤﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻤﻴﺔ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺴﺎﺌﻁ‬

‫ﺍﻟـﻨﻘل ﻭﺍﻟﺴـﻔﺭ ﺍﻟﺒـﺭﻱ، ﻭﺨﺎﺼـﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ. ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ‬

‫ﻀـﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﻤﻠﺤﺔ، ﻭﻴﺘﺤﻤل ﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺴﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ‬

‫ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ. ﺇﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﺘﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺂﺴﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻭﺍﺭﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺠﻌﺔ، ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻓﻘﺩﺍﻥ ﺸﺨﺹ ﻋﺯﻴﺯ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺭﻴﺏ، ﻜﻤﺎ‬

                                                                      ‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻫﺩﺭﹰ ﻟﻼﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻨﻲ.‬
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‫ﻻ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻴﻨﻜﺭ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺭﺘﻜﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺅﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻭﻗﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ، ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜـﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ ﺃﻜﺩﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻕ ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺫ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﻟﻸﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﻏﻡ‬

‫ﻤـﻥ ﻅـﺭﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻁﺔ. ﻭﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻙ ﻤﻥ ﻴﻌﺘﻘﺩ ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﻻ ﺒﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺘﻜﺜﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻭﻏﻴﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸـﺭﺓ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺭﺼﺩ ﻭﻀﺒﻁ ﺃﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻴﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺩ ﺘﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ‬

‫ﺤـﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﻤـﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻨﺤﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻏﻨﻰ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ، ﻭﺘﺴﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺍﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ،‬

‫ﻭﺨﺎﺼـﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻌﻠﻕ ﺒﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺤﺔ ﻟﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﻭﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﺩﻭﺭﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ‬

                                               ‫ﺩﻋﻡ ﻭﻤﺴﺎﻨﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ.‬
‫ﻨﺸﺄﺓ ﺍﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ:‬

‫ﻨﺸـﺄﺕ ﻓﻜﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻋﻘﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻨـﻲ ﻓـﻲ ﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻀﺒﻁ ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺃﺸﺨﺎﺹ ﻤﺘﻁﻭﻋﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨـﻴﻥ. ﺴـﻌﻴﹰ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻻﺩﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ، ﺒﻨﺎ ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺭﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬
                   ‫ﺀ‬                                                         ‫ﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ، ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻠﻕ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺍﺠﺏ ﻭﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻌﺎﻤﻠﻪ ﻤﻊ ﺭﺠﺎل‬

                                                                            ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﻭﺭﺼﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ.‬



‫ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻬـﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻫﻭ ﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺍﻜﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻴﺭ‬

‫ﻭﺫﻟـﻙ ﺒـﺎﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋـﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺸﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ‬

                                                                     ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﺍﻵﻤﻥ.‬



‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻨﻭﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺠﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺩ )٤( ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ )٢٦( ﻤﻥ ﻗﺎﻨﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻗﺕ ﺭﻗﻡ ٧٤ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ ١٠٠٢ ﻟﻴﻤﻨﺢ‬

‫ﻭﺯﻴـﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠـﻴﺔ ﺼـﻼﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﺨﺘـﻴﺎﺭ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺸﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻁﻭﻋﻴﻥ ﻟﻀﺒﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻁـﺭﺓ، ﻭﻜـﺫﻟﻙ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻬﺎﻡ ﻭﺃﺴﻠﻭﺏ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﻡ. ﻭﻗﺩ ﺼﺩﺭﺕ ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﻟـﺔ ﻟﺴـﻨﺔ ١٠٠٢ ﻭﻨﺸـﺭﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﺠـﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻭل. ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻷﻋـﻭﺍﻥ ﻭﻭﺍﺠـﺒﺎﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺭﻓﺽ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺘﺠﺩﻴﺩ ﻋﻀﻭﻴﺔ ﺃﻱ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ. ﻭﻨﺼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ )٣( ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ‬

                                                ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺠﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﻤﻬﺎﻡ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ:‬

                            ‫١- ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺩﺩﻫﺎ ﻤﺩﻴﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ.‬
                   ‫٢- ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺹ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﻭﺍﺨﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻼﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﻀﻴﺔ.‬
                                                ‫٣- ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻜﺭﺭ ﻭﻗﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺒﻬﺎ.‬
                                ‫٤- ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺃﻴﺔ ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺭﺍﺤﺎﺕ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ.‬
                                            ‫٥- ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ.‬
‫ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﺍﻷﻫﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻜﻠﻪ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺘﺭﻜﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻤﻔﺘﻭﺤﹰ ﻟﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻵﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ، ﻭﺃﻟﻘﺕ ﻜﺎﻤل‬
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‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺩﻴﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻟﻭﻀﻊ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻵﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻌﻠﻕ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ. ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺤﺩﺍﺙ ﻓﺭﻉ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬

                   ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ.‬



                                                                                   ‫ﺍﻷﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ:‬

‫ﺇﻥ ﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻭﺘﻀﺎﻓﺭ ﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﻭﻨﺸﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻹﺸﺭﺍﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻡ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ ﺴﻭﺍ ‪ ‬ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺭﻜﺎﺒﹰ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺸﺎﻩ، ﺴﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺒﺜﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ‬
                               ‫ﺎ‬                     ‫ﺀ‬

‫ﺒﺎﻟﺤﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﻴﺤﻘﻕ ﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻥ. ﻭﺘﻘﻭﻡ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺩﺍﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴل ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺭﺘﻜﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺘﺭﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺯﻫﻕ ﻤﺌﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻷﺭﻭﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺌﺔ ﻭﺘﺅﺫﻱ ﺁﻻﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ ﺴﻨﻭﻴﹰ. ﺇﺫ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺴﺎﺌﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻜﺒﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻲ ﻜﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ‬
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‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﺘﻔﻭﻕ ﻜل ﺍﻟﺘﻭﻗﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺘﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻋﺩﺓ ﻤﺌﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻼﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻨﺎﻨﻴﺭ ﺴﻨﻭﻴﹰ. ﻭﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬
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‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻥ ﺴﻭﻑ ﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻁﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ. ﻭﻴﺄﺘﻲ‬

‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻜﻤ ﹰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ، ﻭﻴﺸﻜل ﻀﻐﻁﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻕ ﺒﺄﻥ‬
               ‫ﺎ‬                                       ‫ﻼ‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻙ ﻋﻴﻨﹰ ﺨﻔﻴﺔ ) ﻏﻴﺭ ﺭﺠﺎل ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﻭﺭﻗﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ( ﺘﺭﺍﻗﺏ ﺘﺼﺭﻓﺎﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻑ ﻋﻥ‬
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‫ﺍﺭﺘﻜﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺨﻭﻓﹰ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺨﺠ ﹰ ﻤﻥ ﻏﻴﺭﻩ، ﻭﻴﺸﻜل ﻟﺩﻴﻪ ﺭﺍﺩﻋﹰ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺫﺍﺘﻴﺔ.‬
                          ‫ﺎ‬                         ‫ﻼ‬                 ‫ﺎ‬

                                           ‫ﻭﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻤﺎ ﺴﺒﻕ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻤل ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻷﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:‬

                ‫١- ﺍﻟﺘﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻀﺒﻁ ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺘﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ.‬
‫٢- ﺍﺩﺨـﺎل ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ ﺒﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻭﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ ﻤﺩﻨﻴﻴﻥ، ﻤﻤﺎ‬
                                    ‫ﺴﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴل ﻤﻥ ﺍﺭﺘﻜﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ.‬
‫٣- ﺘـﺯﻭﻴﺩ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ ﺤﻭل ﺴﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺸﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻨﻅﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﻭﺠﻌﻠﻪ‬
                                                                                     ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺃﻤﺎﻨﹰ.‬
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‫٤- ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺭﻓﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻹﺴﺎﺀﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴﻭﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺩﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ.‬
‫٥- ﺍﻟﻤﺸـﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺼﻴﺎﻏﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﺍﻨﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻫﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﻋﻴﺔ‬
                               ‫ﻜﻭﻥ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻴﻤﺜﻠﻭﻥ ﻤﺨﺯﻭﻨﹰ ﻓﻜﺭﻴﹰ ﻭﻋﻠﻤﻴﹰ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﹰ.‬
                                ‫ﺍ‬     ‫ﺎ‬      ‫ﺎ‬     ‫ﺎ‬

                                                ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻭﺠﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ:‬

‫ﻴﻘﺘﺼﺭ ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺼل ﺃﻤﺎﻡ ﻋﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ، ﻭﻗﺩ ﻗﺎﻤﺕ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﺒﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺫﻜﻭﺭﺓ ﺘﺎﻟﻴﹰ، ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻭﺠﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺘﻬﺎ‬
                                                ‫ﺎ‬

                                                                                ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ:‬

                                                            ‫- ﺍﺭﺘﻜﺎﺏ ﺤﺎﺩﺙ ﺴﻴﺭ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﻗﻑ.‬
                                                            ‫- ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻀﻭﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺭﺍﺀ.‬
                                            ‫- ﺴﻭﻕ ﻤﺭﻜﺒﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺘﻭﻓﺭ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻨﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ.‬
                                                     ‫- ﻋﺩﻡ ﺇﻋﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻭﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻭﻴﺔ.‬
                                                       ‫- ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻭﺡ ﺒﻬﺎ.‬
                                                                ‫- ﻗﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺔ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﺤﺩﺙ.‬
                                              ‫- ﻋﺩﻡ ﺘﺸﻐﻴل ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻜﺴﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻭﻤﻴﺔ.‬
                                                 ‫- ﻭﻀﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻕ.‬
                                                        ‫- ﺇﺨﺭﺍﺝ ﺩﺨﺎﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﻑ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺔ.‬
                                                   ‫- ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺤﻴﻁ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺠﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻭﻕ ﺒﻁﻴﺵ ﻭﺇﻫﻤﺎل.‬
                                                              ‫- ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﻭﻑ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺸﺎﺨﺼﺔ ﻗﻑ.‬
                                         ‫- ﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ.‬
                                    ‫- ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ٠١ ﻜﻡ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺭﺭﺓ.‬
                                                                         ‫- ﺍﻻﻨﻌﻁﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻁﺊ.‬
                                                                          ‫- ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻨﻭﻉ.‬
                                        ‫- ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﺒﺒﻁﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺭﺏ ﺍﻷﻴﺴﺭ ﻭﺘﻌﻁﻴل ﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ.‬
                                                             ‫- ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﺩ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺴﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺹ.‬
                      ‫- ﺃﻴﺔ ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻴﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻭﻥ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻜﺎﺩﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺴﺒﺏ ﺤﺎﺩﺙ ﺴﻴﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺨﻁﺭﺓ.‬
‫ﻤﻤـﺎ ﺴﺒﻕ ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺒﺄﻥ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺫﻜﻭﺭﺓ ﻻ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ‬

‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﺒﻁﺔ ﺒﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ. ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺅﺍل ﻫﻨﺎ ﻜﻴﻑ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ؟ ﻭﻫل ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﻤﺜ ﹰ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﺤﺎﺫﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ‬
                                              ‫ﻼ‬

‫ﻟـﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺴـﺭﻋﺔ؟ ﺇﻥ ﻤﺜل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺠﺩﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻻ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬

                                                                          ‫ﻭﻀﺒﻁ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ.‬



‫ﻭﺍﻷﻓﻀـل ﺒـﺄﻥ ﻴـﺘﻡ ﺘﺭﻜﻴـﺯ ﺠﻬـﺩ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺭﻓﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻭﻙ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻁﺊ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ، ﺨﺎﺼـﺔ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺴﺘﻔﺯﺍﺯ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻤﺘﻌﻤﺩﺓ ﻭﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻘﺒﻭﻟﺔ ﺴﻭﺍ ‪ ‬ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ‬
           ‫ﺀ‬

                                                                           ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻼﻗﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻨﻭﻨﻴﺔ.‬



                                                              ‫ﻨﺸﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ :‬

‫ﻟﻘـﺩ ﺒﺩﺃ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ، ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻌﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ. ﺇﻻ‬

‫ﺃﻥ ﻨﺸـﺎﻁﻬﻡ ﺍﻨﺤﺼـﺭ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺒﹰ، ﻭﻟﻡ ﺘﺸﻬﺩ ﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ ﺃﻱ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﻤﻤﻴﺯ ﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ‬
                                                   ‫ﺎ‬

                                                              ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻷﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻋﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ.‬

‫١- ﻟﻴﺱ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻙ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻜﺎﻑ ﻭﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﻟﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺭﺅﺴﺎﺀ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﻭ/ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺩﻴﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻁﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
                                                                                ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ.‬
‫٢- ﺠﻬـل ﻭﻋﺩﻡ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﻟﺩﻭﺭﻫﻡ ﻭﻭﺍﺠﺒﺎﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺎﻗﻬﻡ ﺒﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﻪ‬
                         ‫ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻏﻴﺎﺏ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﻟﺠﺎﻥ ﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ.‬
                ‫٣- ﻋﺩﻡ ﺇﻋﻁﺎﺀ ﺃﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻴﺫﻜﺭ ﺒﺩﻭﺭ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ.‬
‫٤- ﺘﺭﻜﻴـﺯ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺤﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﺈﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻁﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬
‫ﺁﻟـﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻤـل ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﻟﻼﺭﺘﻘﺎﺀ ﺒﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬
                                                ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺩﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ.‬
‫ﻭﻓـﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﻠـﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺭﺍﺽ ﻤﻭﺠﺯ ﻷﻫﻡ ﻨﺸﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻴﻴﻥ. ﺤﻴﺙ ﺒﻠﻎ‬
‫ﺇﺠﻤﺎﻟـﻲ ﻋـﺩﺩ ﺍﻷﻋـﻭﺍﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﻟـﻲ ٠٠٠١ ﺸﺨﺹ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ)٤٠٠٢( ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻥ ٠٨% ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻴﺘﺭﻜـﺯﻭﻥ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ ﻋﻤﺎﻥ، ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ، ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ )١( ﻴﻭﻀﺢ‬
                                                                                                ‫ﺫﻟﻙ.‬

                                                                                          ‫ﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ )١(‬

                    ‫٤٠٠٢‬                           ‫٣٠٠٢‬                        ‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ‬

                    ‫٧٢٨*‬                           ‫٤١٥‬                       ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ / ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‬

                     ‫٠٨١‬                           ‫١٦١‬                      ‫ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ‬

                    ‫٧٠٠١‬                           ‫٥٧٦‬                          ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ‬

‫* ﺒﻌـﺽ ﺍﻻﻋـﻭﺍﻥ ﻤﺴﺠﻠﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ ﻫﻡ ﺍﻤﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﻭ ﻴﻌﻤﻠﻭﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻥ ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ‬
                                                                                  ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﻡ ﻴﻌﻤﻠﻭﻥ ﺨﺎﺭﺠﻬﺎ.‬


‫ﻭ ﻟـﺩﻯ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻭﻓﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ ﻴﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﻀﻌﻑ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ‬

‫ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ )ﺠﺩﻭل٢( ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺘﺭﻜﺯ ﻤﻌﻅﻤﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎ ﻁﻕ ﻋﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ )٢٤%( ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻭﺍﺠﺩ ١١%‬

‫ﻤـﻨﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻤﺎﺭﻜﺎ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺘﻭﺍﺠﺩ ﺩﺍﺌﺭﺓ ﺘﺭﺨﻴﺹ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺍﻗﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺩﺭﺒﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ. ﻭ ﻴﺘﺒﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﻀﻌﻑ ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤل ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻻ ﺘﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ‬

‫ﻨﺴـﺒﺔ ﻤﺸـﺎﺭﻜﺘﻬﻡ ﺍل ٠١% )ﺸﻜل ﺭﻗﻡ ١( ﻭﺘﺨﻠﻭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺘﻭﺍﺠﺩ ﺍﻱ ﺴﻴﺩﺓ/ﺍﻨﺴﺔ ﻜﻌﻭﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﺭﻭﺭ‬

                                                                                       ‫)ﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ ٢(.‬
                                     ‫أﻧﺜﻰ؛ ٠١ %‬




                                                          ‫ذﻛﺮ؛ ٠٩ %‬

                           ‫ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ أﻋﻮان اﻟﻤﺮور ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺠﻨﺲ‬       ‫ﺷﻜﻞ رﻗﻢ ١‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ )٢(‬

            ‫اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬        ‫اﻻﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬          ‫ذﻛﺮ‬         ‫أﻧﺜﻰ‬                 ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
              ‫3.21‬         ‫86‬             ‫95‬            ‫9‬                  ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺪﻟﻲ‬
              ‫1.11‬         ‫16‬             ‫15‬           ‫01‬                    ‫ﻣﺎرﻛﺎ‬
               ‫7.8‬         ‫84‬             ‫24‬            ‫6‬              ‫ﺗﻼع اﻟﻌﻠﻲ‬
               ‫7.6‬         ‫73‬             ‫13‬            ‫6‬                 ‫اﻟﻬﺎﺷﻤﻲ‬
               ‫4.5‬         ‫03‬             ‫92‬            ‫1‬         ‫ﻃﺒﺮﺑﻮر وﻃﺎرق‬
               ‫1.5‬         ‫82‬             ‫52‬            ‫3‬                  ‫زﻫﺮان‬
               ‫7.4‬         ‫62‬             ‫42‬            ‫2‬                  ‫اﻟﺠﺒﯿﻬﺔ‬
               ‫8.3‬         ‫12‬             ‫12‬                            ‫أﺑﻮ اﻧﺼﯿﺮ‬
               ‫6.3‬         ‫02‬             ‫61‬            ‫4‬                   ‫اﻟﻨﺼﺮ‬
               ‫9.2‬         ‫61‬             ‫51‬            ‫1‬                   ‫اﻟﺒﯿﺎدر‬
               ‫9.2‬         ‫61‬             ‫61‬                               ‫ﺻﻮﯾﻠﺢ‬
                                                                        ‫ﺟﺒﻞ اﻟﺘﺎج‬
               ‫7.2‬         ‫51‬             ‫51‬
                                                                          ‫واﻟﺠﻮﻓﺔ‬
               ‫4.2‬         ‫31‬             ‫21‬            ‫1‬                ‫اﻷﺷﺮﻓﯿﺔ‬
                                                                      ‫أم أذﯾﻨﺔ وأم‬
               ‫4.2‬         ‫31‬             ‫21‬            ‫1‬
                                                                           ‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎق‬
               ‫4.2‬        ‫31‬              ‫21‬            ‫1‬                ‫ﺣﻲ ﻧﺰال‬
               ‫2.2‬        ‫21‬              ‫01‬            ‫2‬       ‫اﺑﻮﻋﻠﻨﺪا واﻟﻘﻮﯾﺴﻤﺔ‬
               ‫2.2‬        ‫21‬              ‫11‬            ‫1‬                ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ‬
               ‫8.1‬        ‫01‬               ‫9‬            ‫1‬                   ‫ﻋﺒﺪون‬
               ‫4.1‬         ‫8‬               ‫8‬                                ‫ﺳﺤﺎب‬
               ‫3.1‬         ‫7‬               ‫7‬                               ‫اﻟﺒﻨﯿﺎت‬
               ‫1.1‬         ‫6‬               ‫3‬            ‫3‬       ‫اﻟﺰﻫﻮر و اﻷﺧﻀﺮ‬
               ‫8.1‬        ‫01‬               ‫9‬            ‫1‬                   ‫ﻧﺎﻋﻮر‬
               ‫4.5‬        ‫03‬              ‫82‬            ‫2‬                  ‫اﻟﺰرﻗﺎء‬
               ‫4.1‬         ‫8‬               ‫8‬                                 ‫اﻟﺒﻠﻘﺎء‬
               ‫3.1‬         ‫7‬               ‫7‬                             ‫اﻟﺮﺻﯿﻔﺔ‬
               ‫9.0‬         ‫5‬               ‫5‬                                   ‫ارﺑﺪ‬
               ‫9.0‬         ‫5‬               ‫5‬                                  ‫ﻣﺎدﺑﺎ‬
               ‫5.0‬         ‫3‬               ‫3‬                               ‫ﻋﺠﻠﻮن‬
               ‫4.0‬         ‫2‬               ‫2‬                                ‫ﺟﺮش‬
               ‫2.0‬         ‫1‬               ‫1‬                                 ‫اﻟﻌﻘﺒﺔ‬
               ‫2.0‬         ‫1‬               ‫1‬                                ‫اﻟﻜﺮك‬
                          ‫672‬             ‫052‬          ‫62‬        ‫ﻻ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬
                          ‫255‬             ‫794‬          ‫55‬         ‫ﻧﺘﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬
                          ‫828‬             ‫747‬          ‫18‬                ‫اﻻﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬

‫ﻭﻴﺤﻤـل ﻤـﺎ ﺘـﺯﻴﺩ ﻨﺴﺒﺘﻪ ﻋﻥ ٦٥% ﻤﻥ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺒﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺩﺭﺍﺠﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺘﺒﻠﻎ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺭﻭﺭ ﻤـﻥ ﺤﻤﻠﺔ ﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺩﺒﻠﻭﻡ ٤٢% ﺃﻤﺎ ﺤﻤﻠﺔ ﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻓﻴﺸﻜﻠﻭﻥ ٠٢% )ﺸﻜل ٢(. ﻤﻤﺎ‬

          ‫ﻴﺸﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻤﺔ ﺒﻬﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺭﺓ ﻭﺭﻏﺒﺘﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻌﺏ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻟﻠﺘﺨﻔﻴﻑ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ.‬
‫052‬

         ‫002‬

         ‫051‬

         ‫001‬

          ‫05‬

              ‫0‬
                    ‫اﺑﺘﺪاﺋﻲ‬     ‫إﻋﺪادي‬      ‫ﺗﻮﺟﯿﻬﻲ‬     ‫دﺑﻠﻮم‬   ‫ﺑﻜﺎﻟﻮرﯾﺲ‬   ‫ﻣﺎﺟﺴﺘﯿﺮ‬      ‫دﻛﺘﻮراه‬


                                 ‫ﺷﻜﻞ رﻗﻢ ٢ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ أﻋﻮان اﻟﻤﺮور ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻤﺆﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬



     ‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅ ﺍﻥ ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﻗﺩ ﺍﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﺫﺍ ﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﺩﺩ‬

‫ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﻤﻨﺫ ﺒﺩﺀ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﻓﻜﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﻭﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ١٠٠٢ )٩٨٢ ﻋﻭﻨﹰ( ﺇﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻰ ٤٦٧‬
               ‫ﺎ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ٤٠٠٢، ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺘﺴﺠﻴل ٩٠٢ ﻋﻭﻨﹰ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ٣٠٠٢ ﻓﻘﻁ )ﺸﻜل ٣( ﻭﻤﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺘﻨﺎﻗﺹ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬
                                                    ‫ﺎ‬

                                         ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﺒﻊ ﺍﻷﻭل ﻤﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ ٥٠٠٢ ﻗﺩ ﺒﻠﻎ ٤٦.‬

        ‫003‬



        ‫002‬



        ‫001‬



          ‫0‬
                  ‫ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ٢٠٠٢‬        ‫2002‬            ‫3002‬         ‫4002‬              ‫5002‬


                     ‫ﺷﻜﻞ رﻗﻢ ٣ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ أﻋﻮان اﻟﻤﺮور ﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ اﻟﺘﺴﺠﯿﻞ ﻛﻌﻮن ﻣﺮور‬
‫ﻭ ﺒﺎﻟﻨﻅﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺭﻴﺔ ﻵﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺇﻻﻨﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺨﻼل ﺃﻻﻋﻭﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﺭﺒﻊ ﺃﻻﺨﻴﺭﺓ ﻴﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻥ ﻤﻌﺩل‬

   ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺫﻜﻭﺭ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﻫﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺍﻵﻨﺎﺙ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﻴﻥ ﻤﺎ ﻗﺒل ﻋﺎﻡ ٢٠٠٢ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻨﻪ ﻤﻥ‬

                          ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅ ﺍﻥ ﻤﻌﺩل ﺃﻋﻤﺎﺭ ﺃﻷﺫﻜﻭﺭ ﻗﺩ ﺒﺩﺀ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻨﺎﻗﺹ ﻋﻲ ﺍﻻﻋﻭﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭﺓ )ﺸﻜل ٤(‬



             ‫5002‬


             ‫4002‬


             ‫3002‬


             ‫2002‬


        ‫ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ٢٠٠٢‬

                      ‫0‬          ‫01‬       ‫02‬          ‫03‬          ‫04‬               ‫05‬
                          ‫أﻧﺜﻰ‬                 ‫ذﻛﺮ‬              ‫ﺟﻤﯿﻊ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﯿﻦ‬

                  ‫ﺷﻜﻞ رﻗﻢ ٤ ﻣﻌﺪل أﻋﻤﺎر أﻋﻮان اﻟﻤﺮور ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺠﻨﺲ و ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ اﻟﺘﺴﺠﯿﻞ‬

 ‫ﺍ‬
 ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺇﻨﺠﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺘﺘﺭﻜﺯ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل ﻀﺒﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ، ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺯﺍﻟﺕ ﻤﺘﻭﺍﻀﻌﺔ ﺠﺩﹰ‬

‫ﻭﻻ ﺘﻜﺎﺩ ﺘﺫﻜﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺇﺠﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻡ ﻀﺒﻁﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ،‬

               ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ )٣( ﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻨﺸﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻴﻴﻥ.‬

                                                                                           ‫ﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ )٣(‬

           ‫٤٠٠٢‬                           ‫٣٠٠٢‬                            ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ‬

           ‫٠٠٣٤‬                           ‫٧٣٨٣‬                             ‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ‬

            ‫١٥‬                             ‫١٦‬                             ‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ‬

            ‫٣١‬                              ‫7‬                       ‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﺎﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﻁ‬

            ‫3.4‬                            ‫7.5‬                    ‫ﻤﻌﺩل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ‬

                                                                                ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻤـﹰ ﺒـﺄﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﻗﺩ ﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ٠٠٦ ﺃﻟﻑ ﻤﺭﻜﺒﺔ، ﻭﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ ﻓﻘﻁ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﻋﻥ‬
                                                                                           ‫ﺎ‬

‫٠٠٩ ﺃﻟـﻑ ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ ) ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻤﻭﻟﺔ ... ﺇﻟﺦ( ، ﻓﻲ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺍﺭﺘﻔﻊ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻤﺎ‬

                                                    ‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ٠٦ ﺃﻟﻑ ﺤﺎﺩﺙ ﺴﻨﻭﻴﹰ ﺨﻼل ﻋﺎﻡ ٤٠٠٢.‬
                                                                  ‫ﺎ‬



‫ﻭﺒﺄﺠـﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨـﺔ ﺒﺴﻴﻁﺔ ﻟﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﻭﻨﺸﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺤﺩﺙ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ،‬
                      ‫ﺎ‬

‫ﻨﺠـﺩ ﺒﺄﻨـﻪ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﺃﻱ ﺃﺜﺭ ﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ، ﻓﻤﻥ ﻴﺼﺩﻕ ﺒﺄﻥ ﻤﻌﺩل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺭﺭﺓ ﻻ ﺯﺍل ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ٥ ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻜل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻁﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ. ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺅﺍل‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺩﻴﻬﻲ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻻ ﺒﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻟﻺﺴﺭﺍﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻨﻘﺎﺫ ﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﻨﻬﻴﺎﺭ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺸـل، ﻟﻤـﺎﺫﺍ ﻭﺼـﻠﻨﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺤﻭﺍﻟﻲ ٥١ ﺴﻨﺔ؟ ﻭﺭﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺏ ﻗﺎﺴﻴﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺽ ﻭﻟﻜﻥ‬
               ‫ﺎ‬

‫ﻭﺒﻜـل ﺃﻤﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻷﻜﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻭﻡ ﻴﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﺘﻕ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻹﻫﻤﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬

‫ﺃﻋـﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴـﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﻏﻴﺎﺏ ﺍﻻﺘﺼﺎل ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﺴﻴﻕ. ﻭﺍﻷﻫﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻜﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﻫل ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻤﺩ ﺃﻭ‬

‫ﻏﻴـﺭ ﺍﻟﻤـﺘﻌﻤﺩ ﻤـﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﻥ. ﻭﻟﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻭﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﻭﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻻ ﺒﺩ ﻤﻥ‬

‫ﻭﻀـﻊ ﺍﻁـﺎﺭ ﻋـﺎﻡ ﻟﻌﻤل ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺤﺩﺍﺙ ﻟﺠﺎﻥ ﺘﻨﺴﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﻭﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ‬

                                                                    ‫ﻟﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ.‬



                                                                               ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺼﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ:‬

‫ﻟﻘـﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺤﺩﺍﺙ ﻓﻜﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻗﺒل ﺤﻭﺍﻟﻲ )٥١( ﺴﻨﺔ، ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻟﺘﺩﻋﻴﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ،‬

‫ﺴﻌﻴﹰ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ، ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺍﻜﺔ‬
                                                                                         ‫ﺎ‬

‫ﺒـﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨـﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻁﻭﻋﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬

            ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﺭﻓﻊ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﺍﻵﻤﻥ.‬
‫ﻭﻗـﺩ ﺼـﺩﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻻﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﺎﻡ ١٠٠٢، ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺎﺩﹰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ )٢٦( ﻤﻥ‬
                   ‫ﺍ‬

‫ﻗﺎﻨـﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺴـﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻗﺕ ﺭﻗﻡ ٧٤ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ ١٠٠٢، ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﻨﺸﺎﻁﻬﻡ ﻭﺃﺩﺍﺌﻬﻡ ﻻ ﺯﺍل ﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩﹰ ﻭﻻ ﻴﺭﻗﻰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﻤﻭﺤﺎﺕ‬
                     ‫ﺍ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺭﺠﻭﺓ. ﻭﺫﻟـﻙ ﻷﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻋﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﻏﻴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺴﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﻻﺘﺼﺎل ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻥ‬

                                                                ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ.‬



‫ﺍﻥ ﻓﻜـﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺭﺍﺌﺩﺓ ﻭﺘﺴﺘﺤﻕ ﺒﺫل ﺍﻟﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﺩﻭﺭﻫﻡ ﻭﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺃﺩﺍﺌﻬﻡ‬

                                                        ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻭﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:‬

         ‫١- ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺇﻁﺎﺭ ﻭﺁﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻤل ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻡ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ.‬
           ‫٢- ﺍﺴﺘﺤﺩﺍﺙ ﻟﺠﺎﻥ ﺘﻨﺴﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ.‬
‫٣- ﺇﻋـﺎﺩﺓ ﺘـﺭﺘﻴﺏ ﺃﻭﻟﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻌﺩﻴل ﻭﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭ‬
                                                                       ‫ﺃﻨﻤﺎﻁ ﺴﻠﻭﻙ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ.‬
‫٤- ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴـﺯ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺠﺎﻨـﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﻋـﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ ﺤﻭل ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺠﺫﺏ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ‬
                                                      ‫ﻟﻺﻨﺨﺭﺍﻁ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺌﺩ.‬

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اعوان المرور

  • 1. ‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﺍﻵﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭ ﺠﻤﺎل ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺩﺴﺔ – ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺸﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺩﺱ ﻨﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻴﻨﺎ ﺸﺒﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺩﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ –ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎﻥ -٥٠٠٢‬
  • 2. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺹ :‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺎﻨـﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠـﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤـﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺸﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺼﻌﻭﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﻤﺤﺩﺩﺍﺕ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ، ﺘﺘﻤﺜل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴـﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺨﺘﻨﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ. ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺸـﺩﺓ ﻓﻅﺎﻋـﺔ ﻨـﺘﺎﺌﺠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ) ﺍﻟﻭﻓﻴﺎﺕ، ﺍﻹﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ، ﺍﻹﻋﺎﻗﺎﺕ....ﺇﻟﺦ( ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤـﺜﻠﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺴـﺎﺌﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻫﻅﺔ ) ﺜﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺎﺕ، ﻗﻁﻊ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺎﺭ، ﺘﻜﺎﻟﻴﻑ ﺍﻹﺼﻼﺤﺎﺕ، ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺩﻭﺭ، ﺃﺠﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠـﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺒـﻴﺔ، ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ...ﺇﻟﺦ(. ﻭﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺄﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﺍﻵﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ، ﻨﺸﺄﺕ ﻓﻜﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻋﻘﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ. ﻭﺘﻬﺩﻑ ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﻭﻋﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠـﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤـﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻀﺒﻁ ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺃﺸﺨﺎﺹ ﻤﺘﻁﻭﻋﻴﻥ، ﺴﻌﻴﹰ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ. ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﺴﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﺒﻌﺽ ﻤﻨﺠﺯﺍﺕ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺤﺔ ﻟﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺃﺩﺍﺌﻬﻡ ﻭﺘﻔﻌﻴل‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺴﺎﻨﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ.‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻤـﺎ ﻻ ﺸـﻙ ﻓـﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻀﺎﻓﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻤﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺤـﻲ ﺒﺎﻻﻨﺘﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺔ، ﻭﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺄﻜﻴﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺭﺘﻜﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺘﺭﻭﻥ. ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﻨﻅﺭﹰ ﻟﻐﻴﺎﺏ ﺁﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻨﻅﻡ ﻋﻤل ﻭﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻻﺭﺘﻘﺎﺀ ﺒﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ، ﻓﺈﻥ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻻ ﺯﺍل ﻤﺘﻭﺍﻀﻌﹰ ﻭﻟﻡ ﻴﺭﻗﻰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﻤﻭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺠﻭﺓ.‬ ‫ﺎ‬
  • 3. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ:‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺩﻭل ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ، ﺒﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺩﻭل ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ، ﻤﻥ ﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﺘﻔﺎﻗﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﻭﺍﻹﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺠﻤﺔ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ. ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﺸﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺩﺓ ﺒﺎﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻗﺩ ﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩﺕ ﺒﺎﻁﺭﺍﺩ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻭﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻴﺔ، ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴـﺭﺓ ﻭﺘﺤﺴﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺨل ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺸﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻁﺭﺃﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻨﻤﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻤﻴﺔ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺴﺎﺌﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﻨﻘل ﻭﺍﻟﺴـﻔﺭ ﺍﻟﺒـﺭﻱ، ﻭﺨﺎﺼـﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ. ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻀـﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﻤﻠﺤﺔ، ﻭﻴﺘﺤﻤل ﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺴﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ. ﺇﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﺘﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺂﺴﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻭﺍﺭﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺠﻌﺔ، ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻓﻘﺩﺍﻥ ﺸﺨﺹ ﻋﺯﻴﺯ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺭﻴﺏ، ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻫﺩﺭﹰ ﻟﻼﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻨﻲ.‬ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻻ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻴﻨﻜﺭ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺭﺘﻜﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺅﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻭﻗﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ، ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜـﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ ﺃﻜﺩﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻭﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻕ ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺫ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﻟﻸﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﻏﻡ‬ ‫ﻤـﻥ ﻅـﺭﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻁﺔ. ﻭﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻙ ﻤﻥ ﻴﻌﺘﻘﺩ ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﻻ ﺒﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺘﻜﺜﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻭﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸـﺭﺓ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺭﺼﺩ ﻭﻀﺒﻁ ﺃﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻴﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺩ ﺘﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺤـﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﻤـﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻨﺤﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻏﻨﻰ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ، ﻭﺘﺴﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺍﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ،‬ ‫ﻭﺨﺎﺼـﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻌﻠﻕ ﺒﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺤﺔ ﻟﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﻭﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﺩﻭﺭﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﻡ ﻭﻤﺴﺎﻨﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ.‬
  • 4. ‫ﻨﺸﺄﺓ ﺍﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ:‬ ‫ﻨﺸـﺄﺕ ﻓﻜﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻋﻘﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻨـﻲ ﻓـﻲ ﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻀﺒﻁ ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺃﺸﺨﺎﺹ ﻤﺘﻁﻭﻋﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨـﻴﻥ. ﺴـﻌﻴﹰ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻻﺩﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ، ﺒﻨﺎ ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺭﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺀ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ، ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻠﻕ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺍﺠﺏ ﻭﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻌﺎﻤﻠﻪ ﻤﻊ ﺭﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﻭﺭﺼﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ.‬ ‫ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻬـﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻫﻭ ﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺍﻜﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟـﻙ ﺒـﺎﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋـﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺸﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﺍﻵﻤﻥ.‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻨﻭﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺠﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺩ )٤( ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ )٢٦( ﻤﻥ ﻗﺎﻨﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻗﺕ ﺭﻗﻡ ٧٤ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ ١٠٠٢ ﻟﻴﻤﻨﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻴـﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠـﻴﺔ ﺼـﻼﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﺨﺘـﻴﺎﺭ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺸﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻁﻭﻋﻴﻥ ﻟﻀﺒﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻁـﺭﺓ، ﻭﻜـﺫﻟﻙ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻬﺎﻡ ﻭﺃﺴﻠﻭﺏ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﻡ. ﻭﻗﺩ ﺼﺩﺭﺕ ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﻟـﺔ ﻟﺴـﻨﺔ ١٠٠٢ ﻭﻨﺸـﺭﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﺠـﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﻨﺎﻓﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻭل. ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋـﻭﺍﻥ ﻭﻭﺍﺠـﺒﺎﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺭﻓﺽ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺘﺠﺩﻴﺩ ﻋﻀﻭﻴﺔ ﺃﻱ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ. ﻭﻨﺼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ )٣( ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺠﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﻤﻬﺎﻡ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ:‬ ‫١- ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺩﺩﻫﺎ ﻤﺩﻴﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ.‬ ‫٢- ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺹ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﻭﺍﺨﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻼﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﻀﻴﺔ.‬ ‫٣- ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻜﺭﺭ ﻭﻗﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺒﻬﺎ.‬ ‫٤- ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺃﻴﺔ ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺭﺍﺤﺎﺕ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ.‬ ‫٥- ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ.‬
  • 5. ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﺍﻷﻫﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻜﻠﻪ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺘﺭﻜﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻤﻔﺘﻭﺤﹰ ﻟﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻵﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ، ﻭﺃﻟﻘﺕ ﻜﺎﻤل‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺩﻴﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻟﻭﻀﻊ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻵﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻌﻠﻕ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ. ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺤﺩﺍﺙ ﻓﺭﻉ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ.‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ:‬ ‫ﺇﻥ ﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻭﺘﻀﺎﻓﺭ ﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﻭﻨﺸﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻹﺸﺭﺍﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ ﺴﻭﺍ ‪ ‬ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺭﻜﺎﺒﹰ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺸﺎﻩ، ﺴﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺒﺜﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺤﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﻴﺤﻘﻕ ﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻥ. ﻭﺘﻘﻭﻡ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺩﺍﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴل ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺭﺘﻜﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺘﺭﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺯﻫﻕ ﻤﺌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻭﺍﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺌﺔ ﻭﺘﺅﺫﻱ ﺁﻻﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ ﺴﻨﻭﻴﹰ. ﺇﺫ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺴﺎﺌﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻜﺒﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻲ ﻜﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﺘﻔﻭﻕ ﻜل ﺍﻟﺘﻭﻗﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺘﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻋﺩﺓ ﻤﺌﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻼﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻨﺎﻨﻴﺭ ﺴﻨﻭﻴﹰ. ﻭﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻥ ﺴﻭﻑ ﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻁﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ. ﻭﻴﺄﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻜﻤ ﹰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ، ﻭﻴﺸﻜل ﻀﻐﻁﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻕ ﺒﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻼ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻙ ﻋﻴﻨﹰ ﺨﻔﻴﺔ ) ﻏﻴﺭ ﺭﺠﺎل ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﻭﺭﻗﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ( ﺘﺭﺍﻗﺏ ﺘﺼﺭﻓﺎﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻑ ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺘﻜﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺨﻭﻓﹰ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺨﺠ ﹰ ﻤﻥ ﻏﻴﺭﻩ، ﻭﻴﺸﻜل ﻟﺩﻴﻪ ﺭﺍﺩﻋﹰ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺫﺍﺘﻴﺔ.‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻼ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻤﺎ ﺴﺒﻕ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻤل ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻷﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:‬ ‫١- ﺍﻟﺘﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻀﺒﻁ ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺘﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ.‬ ‫٢- ﺍﺩﺨـﺎل ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ ﺒﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﻭﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ ﻤﺩﻨﻴﻴﻥ، ﻤﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴل ﻤﻥ ﺍﺭﺘﻜﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ.‬ ‫٣- ﺘـﺯﻭﻴﺩ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ ﺤﻭل ﺴﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺸﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻨﻅﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﻭﺠﻌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺃﻤﺎﻨﹰ.‬ ‫ﺎ‬
  • 6. ‫٤- ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺭﻓﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻹﺴﺎﺀﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴﻭﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺩﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ.‬ ‫٥- ﺍﻟﻤﺸـﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺼﻴﺎﻏﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﺍﻨﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻫﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﻭﻥ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻴﻤﺜﻠﻭﻥ ﻤﺨﺯﻭﻨﹰ ﻓﻜﺭﻴﹰ ﻭﻋﻠﻤﻴﹰ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﹰ.‬ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻭﺠﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ:‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺘﺼﺭ ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺼل ﺃﻤﺎﻡ ﻋﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ، ﻭﻗﺩ ﻗﺎﻤﺕ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﺒﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺫﻜﻭﺭﺓ ﺘﺎﻟﻴﹰ، ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻭﺠﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ:‬ ‫- ﺍﺭﺘﻜﺎﺏ ﺤﺎﺩﺙ ﺴﻴﺭ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﻗﻑ.‬ ‫- ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻀﻭﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺭﺍﺀ.‬ ‫- ﺴﻭﻕ ﻤﺭﻜﺒﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺘﻭﻓﺭ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻨﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ.‬ ‫- ﻋﺩﻡ ﺇﻋﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻭﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻭﻴﺔ.‬ ‫- ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻭﺡ ﺒﻬﺎ.‬ ‫- ﻗﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺔ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﺤﺩﺙ.‬ ‫- ﻋﺩﻡ ﺘﺸﻐﻴل ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻜﺴﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻭﻤﻴﺔ.‬ ‫- ﻭﻀﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﻨﻔﺎﻴﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻕ.‬ ‫- ﺇﺨﺭﺍﺝ ﺩﺨﺎﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﻑ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺔ.‬ ‫- ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺤﻴﻁ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺠﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻭﻕ ﺒﻁﻴﺵ ﻭﺇﻫﻤﺎل.‬ ‫- ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﻭﻑ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺸﺎﺨﺼﺔ ﻗﻑ.‬ ‫- ﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ.‬ ‫- ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ٠١ ﻜﻡ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺭﺭﺓ.‬ ‫- ﺍﻻﻨﻌﻁﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻁﺊ.‬ ‫- ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻨﻭﻉ.‬ ‫- ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﺒﺒﻁﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺭﺏ ﺍﻷﻴﺴﺭ ﻭﺘﻌﻁﻴل ﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ.‬ ‫- ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﺩ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺴﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺹ.‬ ‫- ﺃﻴﺔ ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻴﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻭﻥ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻜﺎﺩﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺴﺒﺏ ﺤﺎﺩﺙ ﺴﻴﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺨﻁﺭﺓ.‬
  • 7. ‫ﻤﻤـﺎ ﺴﺒﻕ ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺒﺄﻥ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺫﻜﻭﺭﺓ ﻻ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﺒﻁﺔ ﺒﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ. ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺅﺍل ﻫﻨﺎ ﻜﻴﻑ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ؟ ﻭﻫل ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﻤﺜ ﹰ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﺤﺎﺫﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻼ‬ ‫ﻟـﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺴـﺭﻋﺔ؟ ﺇﻥ ﻤﺜل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺠﺩﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻻ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻥ ﻋﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻀﺒﻁ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ.‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻓﻀـل ﺒـﺄﻥ ﻴـﺘﻡ ﺘﺭﻜﻴـﺯ ﺠﻬـﺩ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺭﻓﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻭﻙ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻁﺊ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ، ﺨﺎﺼـﺔ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺴﺘﻔﺯﺍﺯ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻤﺘﻌﻤﺩﺓ ﻭﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻘﺒﻭﻟﺔ ﺴﻭﺍ ‪ ‬ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻼﻗﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻨﻭﻨﻴﺔ.‬ ‫ﻨﺸﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ :‬ ‫ﻟﻘـﺩ ﺒﺩﺃ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ، ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻌﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ. ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﻨﺸـﺎﻁﻬﻡ ﺍﻨﺤﺼـﺭ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺒﹰ، ﻭﻟﻡ ﺘﺸﻬﺩ ﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ ﺃﻱ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﻤﻤﻴﺯ ﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻷﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻋﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ.‬ ‫١- ﻟﻴﺱ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻙ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻜﺎﻑ ﻭﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﻟﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺭﺅﺴﺎﺀ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﻭ/ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺩﻴﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻁﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ.‬ ‫٢- ﺠﻬـل ﻭﻋﺩﻡ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﻟﺩﻭﺭﻫﻡ ﻭﻭﺍﺠﺒﺎﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺎﻗﻬﻡ ﺒﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻏﻴﺎﺏ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﻟﺠﺎﻥ ﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ.‬ ‫٣- ﻋﺩﻡ ﺇﻋﻁﺎﺀ ﺃﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻴﺫﻜﺭ ﺒﺩﻭﺭ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ.‬ ‫٤- ﺘﺭﻜﻴـﺯ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺤﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﺈﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻁﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﻟـﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻤـل ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﻟﻼﺭﺘﻘﺎﺀ ﺒﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺩﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ.‬
  • 8. ‫ﻭﻓـﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﻠـﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺭﺍﺽ ﻤﻭﺠﺯ ﻷﻫﻡ ﻨﺸﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻴﻴﻥ. ﺤﻴﺙ ﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﺇﺠﻤﺎﻟـﻲ ﻋـﺩﺩ ﺍﻷﻋـﻭﺍﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﻟـﻲ ٠٠٠١ ﺸﺨﺹ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ)٤٠٠٢( ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻥ ٠٨% ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺭﻜـﺯﻭﻥ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ ﻋﻤﺎﻥ، ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ، ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ )١( ﻴﻭﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ.‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ )١(‬ ‫٤٠٠٢‬ ‫٣٠٠٢‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫٧٢٨*‬ ‫٤١٥‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ / ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫٠٨١‬ ‫١٦١‬ ‫ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ‬ ‫٧٠٠١‬ ‫٥٧٦‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ‬ ‫* ﺒﻌـﺽ ﺍﻻﻋـﻭﺍﻥ ﻤﺴﺠﻠﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ ﻫﻡ ﺍﻤﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﻭ ﻴﻌﻤﻠﻭﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻥ ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﻡ ﻴﻌﻤﻠﻭﻥ ﺨﺎﺭﺠﻬﺎ.‬ ‫ﻭ ﻟـﺩﻯ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻭﻓﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ ﻴﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﻀﻌﻑ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺼﻤﺔ )ﺠﺩﻭل٢( ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺘﺭﻜﺯ ﻤﻌﻅﻤﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎ ﻁﻕ ﻋﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ )٢٤%( ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻭﺍﺠﺩ ١١%‬ ‫ﻤـﻨﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻤﺎﺭﻜﺎ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺘﻭﺍﺠﺩ ﺩﺍﺌﺭﺓ ﺘﺭﺨﻴﺹ ﺍﻟﺴﻭﺍﻗﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺩﺭﺒﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ. ﻭ ﻴﺘﺒﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﻀﻌﻑ ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤل ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻻ ﺘﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻨﺴـﺒﺔ ﻤﺸـﺎﺭﻜﺘﻬﻡ ﺍل ٠١% )ﺸﻜل ﺭﻗﻡ ١( ﻭﺘﺨﻠﻭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺘﻭﺍﺠﺩ ﺍﻱ ﺴﻴﺩﺓ/ﺍﻨﺴﺔ ﻜﻌﻭﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﺭﻭﺭ‬ ‫)ﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ ٢(.‬ ‫أﻧﺜﻰ؛ ٠١ %‬ ‫ذﻛﺮ؛ ٠٩ %‬ ‫ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ أﻋﻮان اﻟﻤﺮور ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺠﻨﺲ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ رﻗﻢ ١‬
  • 9. ‫ﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ )٢(‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ذﻛﺮ‬ ‫أﻧﺜﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫3.21‬ ‫86‬ ‫95‬ ‫9‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺪﻟﻲ‬ ‫1.11‬ ‫16‬ ‫15‬ ‫01‬ ‫ﻣﺎرﻛﺎ‬ ‫7.8‬ ‫84‬ ‫24‬ ‫6‬ ‫ﺗﻼع اﻟﻌﻠﻲ‬ ‫7.6‬ ‫73‬ ‫13‬ ‫6‬ ‫اﻟﻬﺎﺷﻤﻲ‬ ‫4.5‬ ‫03‬ ‫92‬ ‫1‬ ‫ﻃﺒﺮﺑﻮر وﻃﺎرق‬ ‫1.5‬ ‫82‬ ‫52‬ ‫3‬ ‫زﻫﺮان‬ ‫7.4‬ ‫62‬ ‫42‬ ‫2‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺒﯿﻬﺔ‬ ‫8.3‬ ‫12‬ ‫12‬ ‫أﺑﻮ اﻧﺼﯿﺮ‬ ‫6.3‬ ‫02‬ ‫61‬ ‫4‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫9.2‬ ‫61‬ ‫51‬ ‫1‬ ‫اﻟﺒﯿﺎدر‬ ‫9.2‬ ‫61‬ ‫61‬ ‫ﺻﻮﯾﻠﺢ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ اﻟﺘﺎج‬ ‫7.2‬ ‫51‬ ‫51‬ ‫واﻟﺠﻮﻓﺔ‬ ‫4.2‬ ‫31‬ ‫21‬ ‫1‬ ‫اﻷﺷﺮﻓﯿﺔ‬ ‫أم أذﯾﻨﺔ وأم‬ ‫4.2‬ ‫31‬ ‫21‬ ‫1‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎق‬ ‫4.2‬ ‫31‬ ‫21‬ ‫1‬ ‫ﺣﻲ ﻧﺰال‬ ‫2.2‬ ‫21‬ ‫01‬ ‫2‬ ‫اﺑﻮﻋﻠﻨﺪا واﻟﻘﻮﯾﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫2.2‬ ‫21‬ ‫11‬ ‫1‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ‬ ‫8.1‬ ‫01‬ ‫9‬ ‫1‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪون‬ ‫4.1‬ ‫8‬ ‫8‬ ‫ﺳﺤﺎب‬ ‫3.1‬ ‫7‬ ‫7‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻨﯿﺎت‬ ‫1.1‬ ‫6‬ ‫3‬ ‫3‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻫﻮر و اﻷﺧﻀﺮ‬ ‫8.1‬ ‫01‬ ‫9‬ ‫1‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻋﻮر‬ ‫4.5‬ ‫03‬ ‫82‬ ‫2‬ ‫اﻟﺰرﻗﺎء‬ ‫4.1‬ ‫8‬ ‫8‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻠﻘﺎء‬ ‫3.1‬ ‫7‬ ‫7‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺻﯿﻔﺔ‬ ‫9.0‬ ‫5‬ ‫5‬ ‫ارﺑﺪ‬ ‫9.0‬ ‫5‬ ‫5‬ ‫ﻣﺎدﺑﺎ‬ ‫5.0‬ ‫3‬ ‫3‬ ‫ﻋﺠﻠﻮن‬ ‫4.0‬ ‫2‬ ‫2‬ ‫ﺟﺮش‬ ‫2.0‬ ‫1‬ ‫1‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻘﺒﺔ‬ ‫2.0‬ ‫1‬ ‫1‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺮك‬ ‫672‬ ‫052‬ ‫62‬ ‫ﻻ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫255‬ ‫794‬ ‫55‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫828‬ ‫747‬ ‫18‬ ‫اﻻﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺤﻤـل ﻤـﺎ ﺘـﺯﻴﺩ ﻨﺴﺒﺘﻪ ﻋﻥ ٦٥% ﻤﻥ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺒﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺩﺭﺍﺠﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺘﺒﻠﻎ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺭﻭﺭ ﻤـﻥ ﺤﻤﻠﺔ ﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺩﺒﻠﻭﻡ ٤٢% ﺃﻤﺎ ﺤﻤﻠﺔ ﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻓﻴﺸﻜﻠﻭﻥ ٠٢% )ﺸﻜل ٢(. ﻤﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻤﺔ ﺒﻬﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺭﺓ ﻭﺭﻏﺒﺘﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻌﺏ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻟﻠﺘﺨﻔﻴﻑ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ.‬
  • 10. ‫052‬ ‫002‬ ‫051‬ ‫001‬ ‫05‬ ‫0‬ ‫اﺑﺘﺪاﺋﻲ‬ ‫إﻋﺪادي‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﯿﻬﻲ‬ ‫دﺑﻠﻮم‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﻟﻮرﯾﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺟﺴﺘﯿﺮ‬ ‫دﻛﺘﻮراه‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ رﻗﻢ ٢ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ أﻋﻮان اﻟﻤﺮور ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻤﺆﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅ ﺍﻥ ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﻗﺩ ﺍﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﺫﺍ ﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﻤﻨﺫ ﺒﺩﺀ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﻓﻜﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﻭﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ١٠٠٢ )٩٨٢ ﻋﻭﻨﹰ( ﺇﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻰ ٤٦٧‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ٤٠٠٢، ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺘﺴﺠﻴل ٩٠٢ ﻋﻭﻨﹰ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ٣٠٠٢ ﻓﻘﻁ )ﺸﻜل ٣( ﻭﻤﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺘﻨﺎﻗﺹ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﺒﻊ ﺍﻷﻭل ﻤﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ ٥٠٠٢ ﻗﺩ ﺒﻠﻎ ٤٦.‬ ‫003‬ ‫002‬ ‫001‬ ‫0‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ٢٠٠٢‬ ‫2002‬ ‫3002‬ ‫4002‬ ‫5002‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ رﻗﻢ ٣ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ أﻋﻮان اﻟﻤﺮور ﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ اﻟﺘﺴﺠﯿﻞ ﻛﻌﻮن ﻣﺮور‬
  • 11. ‫ﻭ ﺒﺎﻟﻨﻅﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺭﻴﺔ ﻵﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺇﻻﻨﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺨﻼل ﺃﻻﻋﻭﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﺭﺒﻊ ﺃﻻﺨﻴﺭﺓ ﻴﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻥ ﻤﻌﺩل‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺫﻜﻭﺭ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﻫﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺍﻵﻨﺎﺙ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﻴﻥ ﻤﺎ ﻗﺒل ﻋﺎﻡ ٢٠٠٢ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻨﻪ ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅ ﺍﻥ ﻤﻌﺩل ﺃﻋﻤﺎﺭ ﺃﻷﺫﻜﻭﺭ ﻗﺩ ﺒﺩﺀ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻨﺎﻗﺹ ﻋﻲ ﺍﻻﻋﻭﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭﺓ )ﺸﻜل ٤(‬ ‫5002‬ ‫4002‬ ‫3002‬ ‫2002‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ٢٠٠٢‬ ‫0‬ ‫01‬ ‫02‬ ‫03‬ ‫04‬ ‫05‬ ‫أﻧﺜﻰ‬ ‫ذﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﯿﻊ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ رﻗﻢ ٤ ﻣﻌﺪل أﻋﻤﺎر أﻋﻮان اﻟﻤﺮور ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺠﻨﺲ و ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ اﻟﺘﺴﺠﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺇﻨﺠﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺘﺘﺭﻜﺯ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل ﻀﺒﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ، ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺯﺍﻟﺕ ﻤﺘﻭﺍﻀﻌﺔ ﺠﺩﹰ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ ﺘﻜﺎﺩ ﺘﺫﻜﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺇﺠﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻡ ﻀﺒﻁﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ،‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ )٣( ﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻨﺸﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻴﻴﻥ.‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل ﺭﻗﻡ )٣(‬ ‫٤٠٠٢‬ ‫٣٠٠٢‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ‬ ‫٠٠٣٤‬ ‫٧٣٨٣‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫١٥‬ ‫١٦‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ‬ ‫٣١‬ ‫7‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﺎﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﻁ‬ ‫3.4‬ ‫7.5‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺩل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ‬
  • 12. ‫ﻋﻠﻤـﹰ ﺒـﺄﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﻗﺩ ﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ٠٠٦ ﺃﻟﻑ ﻤﺭﻜﺒﺔ، ﻭﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ ﻓﻘﻁ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫٠٠٩ ﺃﻟـﻑ ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ ) ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻤﻭﻟﺔ ... ﺇﻟﺦ( ، ﻓﻲ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺍﺭﺘﻔﻊ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ٠٦ ﺃﻟﻑ ﺤﺎﺩﺙ ﺴﻨﻭﻴﹰ ﺨﻼل ﻋﺎﻡ ٤٠٠٢.‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺄﺠـﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨـﺔ ﺒﺴﻴﻁﺔ ﻟﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﻭﻨﺸﺎﻁﺎﺕ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺤﺩﺙ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ،‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﺠـﺩ ﺒﺄﻨـﻪ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﺃﻱ ﺃﺜﺭ ﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ، ﻓﻤﻥ ﻴﺼﺩﻕ ﺒﺄﻥ ﻤﻌﺩل ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺭﺭﺓ ﻻ ﺯﺍل ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ٥ ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻜل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻁﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ. ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺅﺍل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺩﻴﻬﻲ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻻ ﺒﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻟﻺﺴﺭﺍﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻨﻘﺎﺫ ﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﻨﻬﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺸـل، ﻟﻤـﺎﺫﺍ ﻭﺼـﻠﻨﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺤﻭﺍﻟﻲ ٥١ ﺴﻨﺔ؟ ﻭﺭﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺏ ﻗﺎﺴﻴﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺽ ﻭﻟﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻜـل ﺃﻤﺎﻨﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻷﻜﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻭﻡ ﻴﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﺘﻕ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻹﻫﻤﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻋـﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴـﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﻏﻴﺎﺏ ﺍﻻﺘﺼﺎل ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﺴﻴﻕ. ﻭﺍﻷﻫﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻜﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﻫل ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻤﺩ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻏﻴـﺭ ﺍﻟﻤـﺘﻌﻤﺩ ﻤـﻥ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﻥ. ﻭﻟﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻭﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﻭﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻻ ﺒﺩ ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻀـﻊ ﺍﻁـﺎﺭ ﻋـﺎﻡ ﻟﻌﻤل ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺤﺩﺍﺙ ﻟﺠﺎﻥ ﺘﻨﺴﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﻭﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ.‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺼﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ:‬ ‫ﻟﻘـﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺤﺩﺍﺙ ﻓﻜﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻗﺒل ﺤﻭﺍﻟﻲ )٥١( ﺴﻨﺔ، ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻟﺘﺩﻋﻴﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺴﻌﻴﹰ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ، ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺍﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺒـﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨـﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻁﻭﻋﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻴﺭ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻹﺒﻼﻍ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻼﺤﻅﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﺭﻓﻊ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ ﺍﻵﻤﻥ.‬
  • 13. ‫ﻭﻗـﺩ ﺼـﺩﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻻﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﺎﻡ ١٠٠٢، ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺎﺩﹰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ )٢٦( ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻨـﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺴـﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻗﺕ ﺭﻗﻡ ٧٤ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ ١٠٠٢، ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﻨﺸﺎﻁﻬﻡ ﻭﺃﺩﺍﺌﻬﻡ ﻻ ﺯﺍل ﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩﹰ ﻭﻻ ﻴﺭﻗﻰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﻤﻭﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺭﺠﻭﺓ. ﻭﺫﻟـﻙ ﻷﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻋﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﻏﻴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺴﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﻻﺘﺼﺎل ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ.‬ ‫ﺍﻥ ﻓﻜـﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺭﺍﺌﺩﺓ ﻭﺘﺴﺘﺤﻕ ﺒﺫل ﺍﻟﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﻹﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺘﻔﻌﻴل ﺩﻭﺭﻫﻡ ﻭﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺃﺩﺍﺌﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻭﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:‬ ‫١- ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺇﻁﺎﺭ ﻭﺁﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻤل ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻡ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺃﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ.‬ ‫٢- ﺍﺴﺘﺤﺩﺍﺙ ﻟﺠﺎﻥ ﺘﻨﺴﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ.‬ ‫٣- ﺇﻋـﺎﺩﺓ ﺘـﺭﺘﻴﺏ ﺃﻭﻟﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻌﺩﻴل ﻭﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻤﺎﻁ ﺴﻠﻭﻙ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺌﻘﻴﻥ.‬ ‫٤- ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴـﺯ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺠﺎﻨـﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﻋـﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ ﺤﻭل ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﻭﺍﻥ ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺠﺫﺏ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﻨﺨﺭﺍﻁ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺌﺩ.‬