1. Future Cloud
Infrastructure
Science, or
Science Fiction?
Val Bercovici
Cloud & Big Data Czar
NetApp

2. Val Bercovici
@valb00

3. What I hope to
accomplish today...
&

4. ...and avoid this.

5. CTO Research Themes
Software
Defined
Networks

6. Cloud – New Infrastructure Control Point

7. CTO Research Themes
Software
Defined
Networks

8. Wither POSIX? Capacity Trends
(RAID  Object RAID  Erasure Coding)
S3
Swift
CDMI

9. CTO Research Themes
Software
Defined
Networks

10. Wither ACID? (Big) Data Trends

11. CTO Research Themes
Software
Defined
Networks

12. Wither OSI? Networking Trends
Software
Defined
Networks

13. “Intel Watching” - Interconnects
Intel to Acquire Fulcrum Microsystems
Posted by IntelPR in News Stories on Jul 19, 2011 7:55:32 AM
SANTA CLARA, Calif., July 19, 2011 – Intel Corporation today announced it signed a definitive agreement to acquire
Fulcrum Microsystems Inc., a privately held fabless semiconductor company that designs Ethernet switch silicon for
data center network providers.
―Intel is transforming from a leading server technology company to a comprehensive data center provider that offers
computing, storage and networking building blocks,‖ said Kirk Skaugen, Intel vice president and general manager,
Data Center Group.
From EE Times: Cray sells interconnect hardware unit to Intel
Sylvie Barak 4/24/2012 6:34 PM EDT
MOUNTAIN VIEW, Calif.--Supercomputer maker Cray Inc. has signed a definitive
agreement to sell its interconnect hardware development program and related
intellectual property to Intel Corp. for $140 million in cash.
Intel buys Infiniband unit from Qlogic for $125M
Associated PressAssociated Press – Mon, Jan 23, 2012
SANTA CLARA, Calif. (AP) — Intel Corp. on Monday said it had agreed to buy Qlogic Corp.'s line of
Infiniband adapters, used to tie processors together into supercomputing clusters, for $125 million.
Intel said the acquisition would help it reach the goal of supplying computers that can perform one
exaflop, or a quintillion calculations, per second. The Santa Clara, Calif.-based company expects a
"significant number" of Qlogic employees to accept offers to join Intel.
NetApp Confidential - Internal Use Only 13

14. Wither InfiniBand? Networking Trends
2001 2010 2014 2017
Ethernet 1Gb/s 10Gb/s 40Gb/s 100Gb/s
Infiniband 10Gb/s 40Gb/s 104Gb/s ??
10x 4x 2.5x

15. Future Networks? EthernetPCIMemory

16. CTO Research Themes
Software
Defined
Networks

17. Performance – Storage Class Memory
(SCM)

18. Revolution from Above, not Below
1M
100K
10K
1K
100
10
1
18

20. Why SCM will need new Interconnects
 Assume 50ns SCM access time (DRAM speed)
 PCIe, InfiniBand latency ≈ 1 μsec = 21x latency
 Read syscall, file in RAM ≈ 260 nsec = 6x latency
 Speed of light in optical fiber ≈ .65 ft / nsec
5 ft = 15nsec = 1.3x latency
10 ft = 30nsec = 1.6x penalty
+ 40 ft = 120nsec = 3.4x penalty
+
5’ server storage
rack appliance
20

21. Replicated Software Transactional Memory
(STM)
Host Networked Storage
Application Replication
of transaction log
STM library for reliability
and D/R
transaction
manager
transaction log
transactional processed into
memory streaming protocol efficient
DRAM/SCM snapshot
storage
hypervisor/kernel
21

22. SCM Roadmap Speculation
TECH 2009-2011 2012-2015 2016-2020
128Mbit 90nm (Omneo) 1Gbit 45nm (Bonelli)
8Gbit 20nm (ISSCC „11) Hynix/IBM 40nm 1Gbit
PCM
512Mbit 65nm
(in mobile handsets)
180nm Evaluator Kit in 2012
ReRAM Mass-production in 2013/14
30nm 1Gbit in 2013/14
130nm SRAM replacement 4Gbit chip with LPDDR2 i/f in ‟16
16Mbit 130nm MRAM
(SRAM replacement)
STT-MRAM
Expected to compete
with DRAM/Flash
22

23. Historical Context
http://antranik.org/using-moores-law-to-predict-future-memory-trends/

24. Science (Fiction?)
http://www.singularity.com/charts/page70.html

25. IBM Watson – Circa 2010!
(SCM + Fast Interconnect + Hadoop)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watson_(computer)