1. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –
6480(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6499(Online) Volume 5, Issue 3, March (2014), pp. 108-114, © IAEME
108
BAND NOTCHED MICROSTRIP-FED MONOPOLE ANTENNA FOR UWB
APPLICATION
Neha1
, Priya Shukla1
, Aman Verma1
, Vidhushi1
1
B.Tech Student, Electronics and Communication Dept., MIT, Meerut, (U.P), INDIA
Kuldeep Singh Naruka2
2
Assistant Professor, Electronics and Communication Dept., MIT, Meerut, (U.P), INDIA
ABSTRACT
This letter proposes a small microstrip-fed monopole antenna, which consists of a square
radiating patch with a pair of L-shaped slits and a ground plane with inverted T-shaped notch,
which provides a wide usable fractional bandwidth of more than 140% (1.4-12.4 GHz). In order
to generate single band-notch characteristics, we use two L-shaped slits in the radiating patch.
The simulated results reveal that the presented band-notched monopole antenna offers a very wide
bandwidth with one notched band (3-5 GHz). Besides, the antenna has good omni-directional
radiation patterns in the E plane.
Index Terms: T-shaped slot, L-shaped slits, printed square monopole antenna, ultrawideband
(UWB).
1. INTRODUCTION
Commercial ultrawideband (UWB) systems require small low-cost antennas with
omnidirectional radiation patterns and large bandwidth [1]. It is a well-known fact that planar
monopole antennas present really appealing physical features such as simple structure, small size,
and low cost. Due to all these interesting characteristics, planar monopoles are extremely attractive
to be used in emerging UWB applications and growing research activity is being focused on them.
In UWB communication systems, one of key issues is the design of a compact antenna while
providing wide band characteristic over the whole operating band. Consequently, a number of
planar monopoles with different geometries have been experimentally characterized [2]–[4], and
automatic design methods have been developed to achieve the optimum planar shape [5], [6]. In
[7] and [8], two new small wideband planar monopole antennas with truncated ground plane using
an L-shaped notch in the lower corner to achieve the maximum impedance bandwidth were
proposed. Moreover, other strategies to improve the impedance bandwidth that do not involve a
modification of the geometry of the planar antenna have been investigated [9], [10].
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING
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ISSN 0976 - 6480 (Print)
ISSN 0976 - 6499 (Online)
Volume 5, Issue 3, March (2014), pp. 108-114
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2. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –
6480(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6499(Online) Volume 5, Issue 3, March (2014), pp. 108-114, © IAEME
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This letter focuses on a square monopole antenna for UWB applications, which combines
the square-patch approach with an inverted T-shaped notch in ground plane and achieves a
fractional bandwidth of more than 140%. The designed antenna has a small size of 16 × 10 mm2
,
showing the band-rejection performance in the frequency band of 3-5 GHz. Size of the designed
antenna is smaller than the UWB antennas reported recently [11], [12]. In this letter, we investigate
the effects of two L-shaped slits for square patch and also insertion of an inverted T-shaped notch
in the ground plane on the frequency bandwidth and impedance matching.
Fig. 1. Geometry of proposed antenna.
Fig. 2. (a) Basic structure. (b) Basic structure with L-shaped slits.

3. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –
6480(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6499(Online) Volume 5, Issue 3, March (2014), pp. 108-114, © IAEME
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Fig. 3. Simulated return loss characteristics of the proposed antenna with and without
L-shaped slits.
Fig. 4. Simulated return loss characteristics of the proposed antenna with different values of L.
Fig. 5. Simulated surface current distributions on the patch without L-shaped slits at 7.5 GHz.

4. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –
6480(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6499(Online) Volume 5, Issue 3, March (2014), pp. 108-114, © IAEME
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Fig. 6. Simulated surface current distributions on the patch with L-shaped slits at 7.5 GHz.
2. ANTENNA DESIGN
Fig. 1 shows the configuration of the proposed wideband antenna which consists of a
square patch with two L-shaped slits and a ground plane with inverted T-shaped notch.
The proposed antenna, which has compact dimension of 16 mm × 10 mm (Lsub × Wsub), is
constructed on FR4 substrate with thickness of 1.6 mm and relative dielectric constant of 4.4. The
basic antenna structure consists of a square patch, a feed line and a ground plane with T-shaped
inverted notch as shown in Fig. 2 (a). The square patch has a width W. The patch is connected to a
feed line of width Wf and length Lf, as shown in Fig. 1. On the other side of the substrate, a
conducting ground plane of width Wsub and length Lgnd is placed. The ground plane with inverted
T-shaped slit plays an important role in the broad-band characteristics of this antenna because it
helps match the patch with the feed line in a wide range of frequencies. To notch the frequency
band of 3-5 GHz, we use two L-shaped slits in the antenna’s patch.
The optimal dimensions of the designed antenna are as follows: Wsub = 10 mm, Lsub = 16
mm, W = 9 mm, Lf = 6 mm, Wf = 2 mm, Ws1 = 6 mm, L = 8 mm, Wp = 2.5 mm, Ls1 = 0.5 mm, Ls2 =
1 mm, Ly = 0.5 mm, Ws1 = 6 mm and Lgnd = 3.5 mm.
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
In this section, the microstrip patch antenna with various design parameters is constructed,
and the numerical and experimental results of the input impedance and radiation characteristics are
presented and discussed. The parameters of this proposed antenna are studied by changing one
parameter at a time and fixing the others. The simulated results are obtained using Ansoft
simulation software high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) [13].
Firstly, the effect of inclusion of the L-shaped slits in antenna’s patch on the impedance
bandwidth is studied. The Fig. 3 shows the comparison of return loss of the antenna with and
without the L-shaped slits. As shown in Fig. 3 there is a notch band of 3-5 GHz in antenna with L-
shaped slits while there is no notch band in case of antenna without L-shaped slits.
From the simulation results in Fig. 4, it is found that the impedance bandwidth is
effectively improved at the upper edge frequency as L is changed. It is seen that the upper edge

5. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –
6480(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6499(Online) Volume 5, Issue 3, March (2014), pp. 108-114, © IAEME
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frequency of the impedance bandwidth is increased with increasing the length L. By adjusting L
the electromagnetic coupling between the lower edge of the square patch and the ground plane can
be properly controlled [14]. The optimized length L is chosen as 8 mm.
The simulated return loss curve with different values of L are in Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 shows the simulated result of surface current distribution on the patch without the L-
shaped slits at center frequency of 7.5 GHz. And Fig. 6 shows simulated result of surface current
distribution on the patch with L-shaped slits.
Fig. 7 (a). Simulated radiation H-plane pattern.
Fig. 7 (b). Simulated radiation E-plane pattern.

6. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –
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Fig 7 (a) and (b) shows the simulated radiation patterns in the H-plane and E-plane at 4.5,
7.5 and 9 GHz. It can be seen that the antenna exhibits a nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern in
the E-plane and a dipole like radiation pattern in the H-plane.
4. CONCLUSION
In this paper, a novel, compact printed monopole antenna has been proposed for UWB
application. The simulated antenna satisfies the 10-dB return loss requirement from 1.4 to 12.4
GHz. The size of inverted T-shaped notch in the ground plane, the feed gap distance and the sizes
of two L-slit in the antenna’s patch to obtain the wide band width have been optimized by
parametric analysis.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author thanks to Director & colleagues of Electronics and Communication Department
of Meerut Institute of Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India for their support and
Encouragements.
REFERENCES
[1] H. Schantz, The Art and Science of Ultra Wideband Antennas. Norwood, MA: Artech
House, 2005.
[2] M. J. Ammann, “Impedance bandwidth of the square planar monopole,” Microw. Opt.
Technol. Lett., vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 185–187, Feb. 2000.
[3] J. A. Evansand M. J. Ammann, “Planartrapezoidal and pentagonal monopoles with
impedance bandwidths in excess of 10:1,” in Proc. IEEE Antennas Propag. Soc. Int. Symp.,
Jul. 1999, vol. 3, pp. 1558–1561.
[4] Z. N. Chen, “Impedance characteristics of planar bow-tie-like monopole antennas,”
Electron. Lett., vol. 36, no. 13, pp. 1100–1101, Jun.2000.
[5] S. Y. Suh, W. L. Stutzman, and W. A. Davis, “A new ultrawideband printed monopole
antenna: The planar inverted cone antenna (PICA),” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol.
52, no. 5, pp. 1361–1364, May 2004.
[6] A. J. Kerkhoff , R. L. Rogers, and H. Ling, “Design and analysis of planar monopole
antennas using a genetic algorithm approach,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 52, no.
6, pp. 1768–1771, Jun 2004.
[7] J. Jung, W. Choi and J. Choi, “A small wideband microstrip-fed monopole antenna,” IEEE
Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 15, no. 10, pp. 703–705, Oct. 2005.
[8] J. Jung, W. Choi, and J. Choi, “A compact broadband antenna with an L-shaped notch,”
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[9] M. J. Ammann, “Wideband antenna for mobile wireless terminals,” Microw. Opt. Technol.
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[10] E. Antonino-Daviu, M. Cabedo-Fabres, M. Ferrando-Bataller, and A. Valero-Nogueira,
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[11] R. Zaker, C. Ghobadi, and J. Nourinia, “Novel modified UWB planar monopole antenna
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[12] N. C. Azenuiand H. Y. D.Yang, “A printed crescent patch antenna for ultrawideband
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[13] Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulation (HFSS). ver. 10, Ansoft Corp., 2005.

7. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –
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[14] J. P. Lee, S. O. Park and S. K. Lee, “Bow-tie wideband monopole antenna with the novel
impedance-matching technique,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 33, no.6
[15] M L Meena And Mithilesh Kumar, “Partially Hexagonal Ground Plane UWB Elliptical
Patch Antenna” International journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering
&Technology (IJECET), Volume 4, Issue 7, 2013, pp. 66 - 73, ISSN Print: 0976- 6464,
ISSN Online: 0976 –6472, Published by IAEME
AUTHORS
Neha was born in Najibabad, Uttar Pradesh, India on 2nd
Feb 1994. She is
pursuing B.Tech (ECE) from Meerut Institute of Technology, Meerut affiliated
to UPTU, Lucknow.
Priya Shukla was born in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India on 19th
Oct. 1992. She is
pursuing B.Tech (ECE) from Meerut Institute of Technology, Meerut affiliated
to UPTU, Lucknow.
Aman Verma was born in Mainpuri, Uttar Pradesh, India on 14th
Feb 1993. He
is pursuing B.Tech (ECE) from Meerut Institute of Technology, Meerut affiliated
to UPTU, Lucknow.
Vidushi was born in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India on 29th
Dec. 1993. She is
pursuing B.Tech (ECE) from Meerut Institute of Technology, Meerut affiliated to
UPTU, Lucknow.
Kuldeep Singh Naruka was born in Jodhpur, Rajashtan, India on 1st
July 1985.
He obtained B.Tech from UPTU, Lucknow, M.Tech from SVSU, Meerut. He
joined as a lecturer in the Dept. of ECE in Meerut Institute of Technology,
Meerut in 2009. He is at present working as Asst. Prof. in the same Dept. His
area of interest is RF and Microwave Engineering. He got Six years of teaching
experience. He has published four research papers in International Journals and
Conferences till this date.