Pervious concrete is one of the most promising sustainable materials now a days. Pervious concrete is a zero slump, open graded material consisting of hydraulic cement, coarse aggregates, admixtures and water. It is sometimes referred to as nofines concrete. It is a special type of concrete having a high void content and is becoming popular due to its potential to reduce the runoff to the drainage systems. In this paper, the behavior of pervious concrete with different sizes of coarse aggregate is studied. Various mix proportions were prepared by using different sizes of coarse aggregates. The properties like permeability, porosity, density, strength and durability of pervious concrete are studied. The water cement ratio (0.31) and aggregate cement ratio are kept constant. The study is conducted experimentally for 7, 28 & 56 days. The mix proportion of coarse aggregate and its effect on properties of pervious concrete are studied and corresponding graphs are hence obtained

1. http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 914 editor@iaeme.com
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)
Volume 10, Issue 01, January 2019, pp. 914–921, Article ID: IJCIET_10_01_084
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=1
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
©IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed
EFFECT OF SIZE OF COARSE AGGREGATE ON
PROPERTIES OF PERVIOUS CONCRETE
D. Tarangini
Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India
B. Radha Kiranmaye
Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India
Dr. P. Sravana
Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
JNTUH, Hyderabad, India
Naveen
Civil Engineering Department
Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India
ABSTRACT
Pervious concrete is one of the most promising sustainable materials now a days.
Pervious concrete is a zero slump, open graded material consisting of hydraulic
cement, coarse aggregates, admixtures and water. It is sometimes referred to as no-
fines concrete. It is a special type of concrete having a high void content and is
becoming popular due to its potential to reduce the runoff to the drainage systems.
In this paper, the behavior of pervious concrete with different sizes of coarse
aggregate is studied. Various mix proportions were prepared by using different sizes
of coarse aggregates. The properties like permeability, porosity, density, strength and
durability of pervious concrete are studied.
The water cement ratio (0.31) and aggregate cement ratio are kept constant. The
study is conducted experimentally for 7, 28 & 56 days. The mix proportion of coarse
aggregate and its effect on properties of pervious concrete are studied and
corresponding graphs are hence obtained.
Key words: pervious concrete , porous concrete, pervious concrete with different
sizes of coarse aggregate
Cite this Article: D. Tarangini, B. Radha Kiranmaye, Dr. P. Sravana, Naveen, Effect
of Size of Coarse Aggregate on Properties of Pervious Concrete, International Journal
of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) 10(1), 2019, pp. 914–921.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=1

2. D. Tarangini, B. Radha Kiranmaye, Dr. P. Sravana, Naveen
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 915 editor@iaeme.com
1. INTRODUCTION
Consumption of concrete is second to water. The binder material in concrete releases virtually
equal quantity of Carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. As a result, it contaminates the
atmosphere. Different techniques are being followed to minimize the utilization of cement in
concrete.
The foremost amount of pollutants is increasing due to consumption of concrete and
supplementary artifacts which shows major impact on the bottom water table and reduces the
ground water level. Receptive Concrete or porous concrete pavement is an actual way to
minimize this dispute. Pervious concrete is an exposed hierarchal structure with interrelated
voids through which rain and storm voids through which rain and storm water is legalized to
plumbing into the aquifer. It contains of cement, coarse aggregate, some percentage of fine
aggregate and water. Pervious concrete is a conservational friendly building material and it is
conjointly Best Management Practice for storm water Supervision and conjointly controls the
runoff. Thus pervious concrete used in side drains is beneficial to the future. Thus permeable
concrete is used in managing storm water, reducing ground water pollution.
Pervious concrete is distinct type of concrete which is absorbency recycled for concrete
flatwork presentations that permits water from precipitation. Controlled quantity of water and
cementitious material is recycled to create a paste that forms a dense coating around
combination elements without elegant off during mixing and placing. Cement paste in
absorptive concrete is very thin layer which binds coarse aggregate. The pervious concrete
industrialized pores tend to miscarry at the binder interface combination and its ends up with
low compressive strength . Normally, the water cement ratio is one of the important factors
for the compressive strength of cement concrete.
The imperative parameter that affects the voids in aggregate is its gauntness, which is
characterized by its sharp edges. If the combination aggregate is angular, voids in the
aggregate will increase by using different sizes of aggregate. This surface property is
incredibly significant in the impost of the volume of holes in the aggregate. In this pervious
concrete we may or may not use gravel because it is mainly premeditated for voids which can
drain water simply into ground level.
2. MATERIALS
Concrete is a standardized mixture of cement, fine aggregates and coarse aggregates. Strength
of concrete is contingent on the cement used and the compressive strength of concrete is
consequent from the coarse and fine aggregates. In previous concrete, to intensify the void
ratio, we use different sizes of coarse aggregate so as to reduce runoff.
Following materials are used in pervious concrete
 Cement
 Coarse aggregate
 Water
Following materials are used to attain durability test on previous concrete
 Sulphuric acid
 Hydrochloric acid
2.1. Cement
Ordinary Portland cement, 53 Grade conforming to IS:269 – 1976 is used. Diverse types of
cement obligate different water desire to create pastes of customary consistence. The optimal

3. Effect of Size of Coarse Aggregate on Properties of Pervious Concrete
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type of cement is the most significant to produce a good superiority of concrete. The type of
cement distresses the rate of hydration, so that the strengths at initial ages can be significantly
inclined by the particular cement used. It is also important to ensure compatibility of the
chemical and mineral admixtures with cement. In this work we used Bharthi cement,
embraces about 7-14% of concrete. It is predictable for its high premature strength and
admirable eventual strength because of its optimal particle size dispersal, superior translucent
structure and composed phase composition. It is also imperative to safeguard compatibility of
the chemical and mineral admixtures through cement.
2.2. Water
Water superiority for pervious concrete is administered by the same necessities as those for
conventional concrete. The higher the quality of water in concrete, the higher the concrete
workability, as water creates the concrete solvent. When water is added to concrete, it
consequences concrete hydration response and hardens consequently. Water must have a pH
value in the assortment of 6-8. Water to cement ratio between 0.27to0.30 are used routinely
with proper inclusion of chemical admixtures, and those as high as 0.34 and 0.40 have been
used magnificently. The relation between strength and water to cement ratio is not clear for
pervious concrete. As a general rule, water that is drinkable is appropriate for use in concrete.
Re-cycled water from concrete manufacture operations may be used as well, if it meets
provisions of ASTM C 94 or AASHTO M 157. If there is a question as to the suitability of a
water source, trial batching with job materials is suggested.
2.3. Coarse Aggregate
Aggregate produces approximately 75% of the concrete volume. Combinations can be sand or
crushed rock or recycled concrete materials or other materials. Aggregate categorizing used in
pervious concrete are normally either single sized coarse aggregate arranging between 6.3
mm and 20 mm. Rounded and crushed aggregates, both customary and light weight, have
been used to create pervious concrete.
In this work, Nearby available crushed granite stones approving to graded aggregate of
dissimilar size 20mm , 12mm, 6.3mm as per IS: 383-1970 is used. Several inquiries
concluded that maximum size of coarse aggregate should be circumscribed in strength of the
composite. In addition to cement paste aggregate ratio, aggregate type has a great impact on
concrete dimensional stability. Fine aggregate content is limited in pervious concrete mixtures
because it tends to compromise the connectedness of the pore system. Aggregate quality in
pervious concrete is equally important as in conventional concrete. Flaky or elongated
particles should be avoided.
Figure 1 Different sizes of aggregate 20mm, 12mm and 6.3mm

4. D. Tarangini, B. Radha Kiranmaye, Dr. P. Sravana, Naveen
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3. MIX PROPORTION
The aim of proportioning mixtures is establishment of excellent balance between paste
content, porosity, workability and strength. For producing initial trial batches, ACI 522 – R 10
is used.
Sizes of coarse aggregate used are 20mm (30%), 12.5mm (40%) and 6.3mm (30%).
Table 1 Mix Proportion of the mix
4. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
The strength and durability for different percentages of coarse aggregates is studied. The
strength related properties such as compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile
strength are studied. Durability tests are conducted using hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid
solution. Three mix specimens were tested for each test. After thorough mixing, water was
added and the mixing was continued until a uniform mix was obtained. The concrete was then
placed in to the moulds which were properly oiled. For cube compression tests on concrete,
cube of size 150mm were employed. All the cubes were tested in saturated condition after
wiping out the surface moisture from the specimen. For the present investigation, cubes were
tested by compression testing machine as per IS: 516 – 1959 at an age of 7days, 28 days and
56 days. For splitting tensile strength test, cylinders of size 150mm diameter and 300mm
height were cast. Specimens thus prepared were de molded after 24 hours of casting and were
kept in a curing tank for curing.
5. RESULTS
The strength of pervious concrete specimens for 0% replacement of fine aggregate and 3
sizes of coarse aggregate (20,12.5,6.3mm) is found and there mechanical properties like Void
content, Permeability, split tensile at different curing periods is calculated.
The strength of pervious concrete specimen with 0% replacement and different sizes of
coarse aggregate specimens are immersed in 5% of HCL & 5% of H2SO4 for 7, 28, 56, 90
days are specified .
For Pervious concrete specimens, the mechanical properties like Void content,
Permeability, split tensile test, compressive strength increases with increasing curing period
and maximum is obtained at 90 days (Void content -27.36%, Permability-0.667cm/sec, split
tensile test-2.43Mpa, compressive strength-32.45Mpa).
Table 1 Compressive strength of pervious concrete for 7, 28, 56 & 90 days
Age of specimen Compressive strength of
pervious concrete (MPa)
7 24.11
28 28.38
56 29.43
90 32.45
MIX
PROPORTION
(cement :coarse aggregate:
water)
0% fine
aggregate (F0)
1: 3: 0. 31

5. Effect of Size of Coarse Aggregate on Properties of Pervious Concrete
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Table 2 Split tensile strength of pervious concrete for 7, 28, 56 & 90 days
Age of specimen Split tensile strength of
pervious concrete (MPa)
7 0.79
28 1.25
56 1.92
90 2.43
Table 3 Mechanical properties of pervious concrete at the age of 28 days
5.1. Durability test results of Pervious Concrete after acid attack for 7, 28, 56 &
90 days
Table 4 Compressive strength (MPa) of pervious concrete after immersion in HCL, H2SO4
Age of specimen Compressive strength of
pervious concrete immersed
in HCL
Compressive strength of
pervious concrete
immersed in H2SO4
7 15.53 22.25
28 14.18 18.80
56 13.36 17.31
90 11.98 14.97
5.2. Test Results for Change in mass of pervious concrete for 7, 28, 56 & 90 days
Table 5 Change in weight of Pervious Concrete after immersion in HCL at different age of specimen.
Age of the
pervious
concrete
specimen
Number of
pervious
concrete
specimen
Weight of
specimen
before
immersion in
HCL (kg)
Weight of
specimen
after
immersion in
HCL (kg)
Percentage
Change in mass
of pervious
concrete(loss)
Percentage
loss
Average
7
specimen 1 7.54 7.39 0.15 1.98%
2.07%
specimen 2 7.68 7.51 0.17 2.2%
specimen 3 7.79 7.63 0.16 2.05%
28
specimen 1 7.58 7.49 0.21 1.18%
2.15%specimen 2 7.52 7.30 0.22 2.92%
specimen 3 7.57 7.39 0.25 2.37%
56
specimen 1 7.57 7.39 0.18 2.37%
2.71%specimen 2 7.68 7.45 0.23 2.99%
specimen 3 7.53 7.32 0.21 2.78%
90
specimen 1 7.56 7.32 0.24 3.17%
3.46%specimen 2 7.64 7.38 0.26 3.27%
specimen 3 7.34 7.05 0.29 3.95%
Properties Specimen 1 Specimen 2 Specimen 3 AVERAGE
VOID RATIO 26.16% 28.24% 27.7% 27.36%
PERMABILTY 0.910cm/sec 0.1098cm/sec 0.979cm/sec 0.667cm/sec

6. D. Tarangini, B. Radha Kiranmaye, Dr. P. Sravana, Naveen
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Table 6 Change in weight of Pervious Concrete after immersion in H2SO4 at different age of
specimen.
Age of the
pervious
concrete
specimen
Number of
pervious
concrete
specimen
Weight of
specimen
before
immersion in
H2SO4 (kg)
Weight of
specimen
after
immersion in
H2SO4 (kg)
Percentage
Change in mass
of pervious
concrete(loss)
Percentage
loss
Average
7
specimen 1 7.60 7.53 0.07 0.92%
1.18%
specimen 2 7.55 7.45 0.10 1.45%
specimen 3 7.64 7.55 0.09 1.17%
28
specimen 1 7.59 7.48 0.11 1.44%
1.63%specimen 2 7.68 7.54 0.14 1.32%
specimen 3 7.49 7.33 0.16 2.15%
56
specimen 1 7.38 7.28 0.10 1.33%
1.71%specimen 2 7.49 7.33 0.11 2.13%
specimen 3 7.68 7.55 0.13 1.69%
90
specimen 1 7.56 7.41 0.15 1.98%
2.02%specimen 2 7.63 7.49 0.14 1.83%
specimen 3 7.48 7.31 0.17 2.27%
GRAPHS
Graph 1 Compressive strength of pervious concrete at different ages
Graph 2 Spilt tensile strength of pervious concrete at different ages
7days 28days 56days 90days
Compressive strength 24.11 28.38 29.43 32.98
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Compressivestrength
7days 28days 56days 90days
spilt tensile sterngth 0.79 1.25 1.92 2.43
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
spilttensilestrength

7. Effect of Size of Coarse Aggregate on Properties of Pervious Concrete
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Graph 3 Comparison of Compressive strength (MPa) of Pervious Concrete immersed in HCL at
different ages of specimen
Graph 4 Compressive strength for Pervious Concrete immersed in H2SO4 at different ages of
specimen
Graph 5 Comparison of Compressive strength (MPa) of Pervious Concrete immersed in HCL &
H2SO4 at different age of specimen
7DAYS 28DAYS 56DAYS 90DAYS
Strength of Pervious
concrete
24.11 28.38 29.43 32.45
Compressive strength
of HCL
15.53 14.18 13.36 11.98
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
compressivdestrength
7DAYS 28DAYS 56DAYS 90DAYS
Strength of Pervious concrete 24.11 28.38 29.43 32.45
Compressive strength of H2SO4 22.25 18.8 17.31 14.97
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
compressivdestrength
7DAYS 28DAYS 56DAYS 90DAYS
Strength of Pervious concrete 24.11 28.38 29.43 32.45
Compressive strength of H2SO4 22.25 18.8 17.31 14.97
Compressive strength of HCL 15.53 14.18 13.36 11.98
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
compressivdestrength

8. D. Tarangini, B. Radha Kiranmaye, Dr. P. Sravana, Naveen
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Graph 6 Change in mass of Pervious Concrete immersed HCL & H2SO4
6. CONCLUSION
 It is observed that in the present study the compressive strength increases with curing period.
The maximum compressive strength at 90 days was 32.46 MPa
 The split tensile strength increases with respect to curing period and maximum strength was
observed as 2.43 at 90days
 The loss in compressive strength is more in H2SO4 Curing (14.97MPa) when compare to HCL
curing (11.98 MPa) at curing period of 90 days.
 The strength decreases with increase of age of specimen for Pervious concrete cured with
HCL and H2SO4 .
 Weight loss increases with increase in curing period due to acid attack .
 The gradation of aggregate gives better compressive strength than use of single sized
aggregate.
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7DAYS 28DAYS 56DAYS 90DAYS
Weight loss HCL 0.26 0.29 0.34 0.37
Weight loss H2SO4 0.16 0.2 0.23 0.48
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Weightlosss