Tema de Ciencias Sociales de 3º de Educación Primaria para la Comunidad de Madrid que trata sobre la geografía física y política del continente europeo.
3. Situación
Europa está situada en el hemisferio norte.
Límites: Norte → Océano Glacial Ártico.
Sur → Mar Mediterráneo.
Este → Montes Urales.
Oeste → Océano Atlántico.
4. Llanuras y Montañas
- Gran Llanura Europea.
- Llanura de Europa Oriental.
- Montañas, sobre todo en el sur.
26. Sistemas Montañosos: Las montañas más altas de Europa se
concentran en el sur → Los Pirineos, Los Alpes, los Cárpatos,
los Balcanes y el Cáucaso.
Además los Montes Escandinavos y los Montes Urales.
110. Ríos
- Ríos que desembocan en el Océano Glacial Ártico.
- Ríos que desembocan en el Océano Atlántico.
- Ríos que desembocan en el Mar Mediterráneo.
- Ríos que desembocan en el Mar Negro o Caspio.
152. Spain’s Relief in Europe
Most part of the Peninsula and island territories are very
mountainous.
The central part of the Peninsula is occupied by a large plateau
surrounded, almost completely, by mountains.
153. The centre of the Iberian Peninsula is occupied by a large raised
flatland: the Plateau. Inside it, there are two mountain chains:
Toledo Mountains and the Central Chain.
154. Surrounding the Plateau we can find: Leon Mountains,
Cantabrian Chain, Iberian Chain and Morena Range.
155. Separated from the Plateau we can find some other mountain
chains. These are: Galician Massif, Basque Mountains,
Pyrenees, Coastal-Catalonian Chain and Baetic Chain. This
last is formed by the Sub-Baetic Chain and the Penibaetic
Chain. In the Penibaetic Chain we can find the highest peak in
the Iberian Peninsula: Mulhacén (3.478 m.).
156. These are two lowlands areas formed in the valleys of two rivers:
Ebro depression and Guadalquivir depression.
157. The relief in the Balearic islands is, in general, mountainous. Its
coasts are full of cliffs, with some bays and many coves.
158. The Canary islands have a relief of volcanic origin and very
mountainous. In the island of Tenerife we can find the Teide
volcano, which is the highest peak in Spain with 3.717 meters.
Coasts are, on average, full of cliffs and not very sharp.
160. Spain’s Rivers in Europe
The Iberian Peninsula has three hydrographic watersheds: the
Cantabrian, the Atlantic and the Mediterranean.
161. Cantabrian Watershed
The main rivers of this watershed are: Bidasoa, Nervión,
Besaya, Nalón, Navia and Eo. They are commonly very short
(about 50 km. long, approximately) and very plentiful.
162. Atlantic Watershed
The main rivers of the Atlantic watershed are: Miño, Duero,
Tajo, Guadiana and Guadalquivir. These are long rivers
because, except for the Miño, all of them are longer than 650
km. This is due to the fact that they are born in mountain ranges
which are far away from the sea.
163. Mediterranean Watershed
The main rivers of the Mediterranean watershed are:
Guadalhorce, Segura, Júcar, Turia, Ebro, Llobregat and Ter.
Except for the Ebro, which is 930 km. long, most of them are not
very long, because they have an average length of 200 km.