Wind Energy : An Introduction

1. Wind Power Energy
-A growth engine for Energy System
By, Ishan Shah(10BPE200)
Bhavik Patel(10BPE225)

2. Wind Power???
• Operation which produces power plentiful,
renewable, with no GHGs emissions during operation.
• Any effects on the environment are generally less
problematic than those from other power sources.
• In 2011, 83 countries around the world, using wind
power on a commercial basis
• As of 2010, wind energy was over 2.5% of total
worldwide electricity usage, growing at more than
25% per annum.
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3. Availability of Source
• The earth receives about 1.7
x 1017 watts of power per
hour from the sun
• About 1-2% of this energy is
converted to wind energy
(of order 1015)
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4. Wind Turbine
• Wind turbine obtains its Generator
power input by converting the
force of the wind into a
torque acting on the rotor
blades. Electric Grid
• The amount of energy which
the wind transfers to the rotor
depends on the
Electricity
Density of air,
Wind Speed,
Rotor area Hence several design
considerations must be taken
into consideration for turbines
and generators.
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5. Commercial Users
• Several countries have
already achieved relatively
high levels of penetration, in
stationary (grid) electricity
production
1. 28% in Denmark (2011),
2. 19% in Portugal (2011),
3. 16% in Spain (2011),
4. 14% in Ireland (2010) and
5. 8% in Germany (2011).
Figure 1 Source:GWEC
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6. Global Wind Power Cumulative Capacity
Figure 2 Source: GWEC
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7. Alta wind energy center
Satellite image
Figure 3&4 Source: GWEC
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8. Moving to offshores…
Walney Offshore Windfarm
Figure 5
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9. One step forward….
Floating wind turbine
• Not limiting to near
shores, but going far
away in oceans
• A floating wind turbine is
an offshore wind
turbine mounted on a
floating structure that
allows the turbine to
generate electricity in Hywind, being assembled in
water depths where Amoy Fjord near Stavanger,
bottom-mounted towers Norway
are not feasible
Figure 6 Source: IWES
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10. Advantages of wind energy
• The wind blows day and night, which allows windmills
to produce electricity throughout the day.
• Energy output from a wind turbine varies with change
in wind flow rate but is compensated to some extent
by the inertia of the wind turbine rotor.
• Wind energy is a renewable source of energy that
generates no pollution and has little environmental
impact.
• Up to 95 percent of land used for wind farms can also
be used for other profitable activities including
farming, foresting, ranching.
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11. Not everything is perfect &
some challenges…..
• Non-Dispatch able
• Location Dependent
• With present
technology and
demand it can meet
only a part of
electricity demand.
• little environmental
impacts.
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12. Environmental effects
• Compared to the environmental impact of
conventional energy sources, the environmental
impact of wind power is relatively minor. Wind
power consumes no fuel, and emits no air
pollution, unlike fossil fuel power sources.
• Birds often collide with high voltage overhead
lines, masts, poles, and windows of buildings.
They are also killed by cars in traffic. However,
birds are seldom killed by wind turbines as it is
commonly misunderstood
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13. Wind V/S Natural Gas
Wind Natural Gas
Low Operating cost High operating cost
Low fuel hike risk Subjective to fuel hike
No emissions Various Green-House Gas
emissions
High capital Cost Low to high capital cost
Non-dispatch able Dispatch able.
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14. Technological Development
The main issues in the ongoing technological
development are
• Improvement of mechanical components
(gearboxes, bearings, blades)
• Development of feasible foundation concepts
• Improvement of electrical components
(generators, transformers)
• Improvement of the siting process
• Improvement of installation and commissioning
processes
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15. Conclusion
The main purposes of research in wind energy
are to:
decrease the cost of power generated by the wind;
• increase the reliability and predictability of the
energy source;
• investigate and reduce the adverse environmental
impact of massive deployment of wind turbines;
• build research based educations for wind energy
engineers
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16. References
• Wind Empowering the world, by Database of State Incentives for Renewables
and Efficienc(DSIRE), article of Oct 2010
• Hydrodynamics Meet Wind Turbines: Specification And Development of a
Simulation Tool For Floating Wind Turbines With Model by Institute for Wind
Energy and Energy System Technology (IWES)
• Basic information on wind energy and wind power technology, resources, and
issues of concern from World Renewable Forum(WRF),
• For images mostly, Green Wind Energy System(GWES)
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17. GOD has kept resources here-
there, it’s our duty to explore it
in right way for our necessity.
-Wen Jiabao, Premier of China
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