3. Definition:
– Equivalent fractions are fractions having the same
values.
– It can be obtained by multiplying both the
numerator and the denominator of the given
fraction by the same non-zero whole number.
Example :
4. Determining equivalent fractions
– To determine whether two fractions are equivalent,
convert each fraction into fractions with a common
(same) denominator. Then, compare the numerators.
Example :
5. Comparing two fractions
– If two fractions have the same denominators, their
values can be compared by comparing
their numerators or by using a number line.
Example :
6. – If two fractions have different denominators, convert
both fractions into their respective
equivalent fractions with the common denominator.
Example :
7. Arranging fractions in order
– To arrange fractions in order, convert the given
fractions into equivalent fractions with
the common denominator and then compare the
numerators.
11. Comparing and arranging
mixed numbers
– Like fractions, mixed numbers can be arranged and
compared on a number line. Any number on the
number line is greater than numbers to its left.
Example :
14. • Definition:
– A proper fraction is a fraction whose numerator is
less than the denominator
• example:
15. • Definition
– An improper fraction is a fraction whose numerator is
equal to or greater than the denominator
• example:
16.
17. • Changing mixed numbers into improper fractions
– To change a mixed number into an improper fraction,
multiply the whole number by the denominator and
then add the numerator to it. The denominator
remains the same.
19. • Changing improper fractions into mixed
numbers
– To change an improper fraction into a mixed
number, divide the numerator by the
denominator. The quotient obtained is the whole
number part and the remainder is the numerator
of the fractional part.
23. • Definition:
– Addition of fractions is a process of finding the sum of
two or more fractions
• Adding two fractions with the same denominator
– To add two fractions with the same denominator,
keep the denominator and add the numerators.
26. • Adding two fractions with different denominators
– To add two fractions with different denominators,
convert both the fractions into their respective
equivalent fractions with the same denominators.
• example:
27. • Adding whole numbers and fractions
– A mixed number is produced when adding a whole
number and a fraction.
• example:
28. • Adding fractions and mixed numbers
– To add a fraction and a mixed number, keep the
whole number part and add the fractional
parts like adding two fractions.
• example:
29. • Adding two mixed numbers
– Convert mixed numbers into improper fractions. Then
perform the addition
like adding two fractions.
• example:
30. • Adding three fractions
– Convert the fractions so that they have a common
denominator before performing the addition.
• example:
