Teaser for September CEU presentation to TWU fitness staff.

1. Cardiovascular Physiology

2. Overview Anatomy and Background Information Controlling Respiration Heart Rate and Cardiac Output Effects of Disease Aerobic Exercise

3. Gas Exchange and Transport Partial Pressure Transporting Oxygen in Blood Transporting Carbon Dioxide in Blood

4. Partial Pressure Body’s supply of oxygen depends upon the concentration and pressure of oxygen in ambient air. Concentration in ambient air: Oxygen 20.93% Nitrogen 79.04% Carbon Dioxide 0.03% At sea level, the pressure of the above is sufficient to raise a column of mercury to a height of 760 mm

5. Cardiac Output - Exercise Cardiac output increases in proportion to exercise intensity. This is due to an increase in heart rate and stroke volume. Trained have greater exercise cardiac output due to greater stroke volumes.

6. Cardiac Output - Trained vs. Untrained At Rest: Max. Exercise: Adapted from McArdle, Katch, and Katch

7. Myocardial Infarction Inadequate blood reaching heart muscle, causing necrosis of heart muscle Does not go away with rest Onset usually preceded by severe fatigue for several days Occlusion of 4-6 hours will result in irreversible damage

8. What a Coronary Artery Occlusion looks like Arrows indicate occlusions. From http://www.rjmatthewsmd.com/Definitions/myocardial_infarction.htm

9. Aerobic Exercise

10. Factors That Influence Performance Maximal oxygen consumption Lactate threshold Fuel utilization Muscle fiber characteristics Exercise economy

11. Interval Training Allows for a greater volume of exhaustive work to be performed. Benefits: Teaches race pace Can improve anaerobic metabolism Can improve maximal oxygen consumption Increases speed

12. Interval Training Variables Intensity of the exercise Duration of the exercise interval Length of recovery Number of repetitions