2. Jose Rizal was born on June 19, 1861, in Calamba,
Laguna, Philippines and named as Jose Protasio Rizal
Mercado y Alonso Realonda
He was the seventh of 11 children of Francisco
Mercado and Teodora Alonso.
Rizal’s BIRTH
5. The Rizal family was considered as one of the most
respected and well-known family at their time. The
Rizal Family were wealthy and this explains why Jose
Rizal afforded to travel and to study abroad. His
parents had Chinese, Japanese, Spanish, Malay and
Negrito blood.
Rizal’s FAMILY
6. PARENTS
Francisco Mercado was born in Biñan, Laguna,
Philippines in 1818. He was a farmer and a tenant of
the Dominican friars, who were the owners of the land
where he lived. He later became a mayor of their
town, and he worked hard to provide his family with a
good education.
Rizal’s FAMILY
7. PARENTS
Teodora Alonso was born in Santa Cruz, Manila,
Philippines in 1827. She was the second child of
Lorenzo Alonso, a Spanish mestizo, and Brijida de
Quintos, a Filipina native. She was highly educated
and spoke several languages. She was also known for
her intelligence and her artistic talents, particularly in
music and embroidery.
Rizal’s FAMILY
8. PARENTS
Francisco and Teodora got married on June 28, 1848, in a church
in Binan, Laguna. Together, they had 11 children, with Jose Rizal
being the seventh child. They provided their children with a good
education, and their family was known for being patriotic and
religious. They instilled in their children the values of hard work,
honesty, and love for their country.
Despite being of different social classes, Francisco and Teodora had
a strong marriage and supported each other in raising their family.
They were both influential in shaping the character of Jose Rizal
and inspiring him to become a national hero of the Philippines.
Rizal’s FAMILY
9. SIBLINGS
Paciano Mercado - Rizal's eldest brother, who became a
revolutionary and was imprisoned for his involvement in a
rebellion against the Spanish colonial government.
Narcisa Mercado - Rizal's eldest sister, who was known for her
beauty and intelligence. She was also a skilled musician and a
teacher.
Olympia Mercado - Rizal's second sister, who died at a young
age.
Rizal’s FAMILY
10. SIBLINGS
Lucia Mercado - Rizal's third sister, who was a skilled painter and
embroiderer.
Maria Mercado - Rizal's fourth sister, who became a teacher and married
Daniel Faustino Cruz.
Jose Rizal - The most famous of the siblings, who became a writer, doctor,
and national hero of the Philippines.
Concepcion Mercado - Rizal's younger sister, who died at a young age.
Rizal’s FAMILY
11. SIBLINGS
Josefa Mercado - Rizal's younger sister, who became a nun and was known
for her piety.
Trinidad Mercado - Rizal's younger sister, who became a teacher and was
known for her kindness and generosity.
Soledad Mercado - Rizal's youngest sister, who became a teacher and
married Pantaleon Quintero.
Saturnina Mercado - Rizal's youngest sister, who became a teacher and
married Manuel Timoteo Hidalgo.
Rizal’s FAMILY
12. The Rizal surname was obtained by Francisco Mercado as
suggested by the provincial governor since all native
Filipinos and immigrants were required to adopt a Spanish
surname. Jose used the surname Rizal although his family
didn't really recognize the Rizal surname because he was
forced to drop his other three names then made his full
names due to his notorious brother Paciano.
Rizal’s FAMILY
13. Rizal’s FAMILY
Jose's family lived on rented property that was owned
by a religious order from Dominica, which made them a
family of wealthy farmers.
Although the family were descendants of a Chinese
immigrant, the family began using Mercado as their last
name in order to hide their family background because
of sentiments against the Chinese at the time.
14. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
Dr. Jose Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso
Realonda
Doctor, poet, essayist, author,
painter, sculptor and the national hero of the
Philippines
15. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
At an early age, Jose Rizal displayed an astounding
intellect.
He learned the alphabet from his mother at the age
of 3 and could read and write at the age of 5.
17. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
The childhood of Jose Rizal can be characterized by
his desire to learn, even frequenting the church
nearby his home to watch and observe people but not
to be religiously inclined.
Jose Rizal was not a physically blessed or strong child
however, he had a strong will, guided and taught by
his mother, his first teacher. He learned almost
without the use of books.
18. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
His mother was the one who laid the foundation of his
great knowledge achieved in such a short time. Her
brilliance was also the character of the young Jose Rizal.
José was designed by nature to be an artist. This he
revealed before he was five years of age, for without any
assistance from others he began to draw with his pencil
and to mold in wax or clay any object he saw about him.
19. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
Fortunately, his mother, father,
and uncles recognized this
unusual talent and gave him
every encouragement.
20. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
Three uncles who were brothers of his mother also had
much influence on the early childhood of Jose Rizal. The
youngest uncle named Jose, took care of teaching regular
lessons to Rizal.
His huge uncle Manuel developed his physique until he
had a body of silk and steel and no longer a skinny and
sickly boy.
The last uncle, Gregorio instilled in the mind of Rizal that
it was not easy to obtain something until you put effort
into it.
21. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
The little boy spent also much of his time in the church,
which was conveniently near, but when the mother
suggested that this might be an indication of religious
inclination, his prompt response was that he liked to
watch the people.
22. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
Even in his childhood, Rizal already knew how to respect
the rights of others and requested his elders to reason
with him rather than get mad at him for small offenses.
He became a welcome companion for adults even at his
young age since he respected their moods and was never
a hindrance to their activities.
23. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
Jose Rizal’s first teacher was his mother, who had taught
him how to read and pray and who had encouraged him
to write poetry.
Later, private tutors taught the young Rizal Spanish and
Latin, before he was sent to a private school in Biñan.
24. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
Rizal first studied under Justiniano Aquino Cruz in Biñan,
Laguna before he was sent to Manila. As to his father's
request, he took the entrance examination in Colegio de
San Juan de Letran and studied there for almost three
months.
The Dominican friars asked him to transfer to another
school due to his radical and bold questions.
25. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
When he was 11 years old, Rizal entered the Ateneo
Municipal de Manila, a Jesuit-run school. He earned
excellent marks in subjects like philosophy, physics,
chemistry, and natural history. At this school, he read
novels; wrote prize-winning poetry (and even a
melodrama - “Junto al Pasig”); and practiced drawing,
painting, and clay modeling, all of which remained
lifelong interests for him.
27. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
Rizal eventually earned a land surveyor’s and assessor’s
degree from the Ateneo Municipal while taking up
Philosophy and Letters at the University of Santo Tomas.
Upon learning that his mother was going blind, Rizal
opted to study ophthalmology at the UST Faculty of
Medicine and Surgery.
28. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
He, however, was not able to complete the course
because “he became politically isolated by adversaries
among the faculty and clergy who demanded that he
assimilate to their system.”
He found the teaching methods and curriculum to be
outdated and ineffective, so he transferred to the
Universidad Central de Madrid in Spain to continue his
studies.
29. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
Without his parents' knowledge and consent, but secretly
supported by his brother Paciano, he traveled alone to
Madrid, Spain in May 1882 and studied medicine at the
Universidad Central de Madrid where he earned the degree,
Licentiate in Medicine.
Also, he also attended medical lectures at the University of
Paris and the University of Heidelberg. In Berlin he was
inducted as a member of the Berlin Ethnological Society and
the Berlin Anthropological Society under the patronage of the
famous pathologist Rudolf Virchow.
31. Rizal’s Childhood and
Education
Jose Rizal decided to live in Europe for 10 years. During that
time, he picked up a number of languages. While in Europe,
he impressed everyone who met him with his charm, his
intelligence and his mastery of an incredible range of
different fields of study.
Rizal excelled at martial arts fencing, sculpture, painting,
teaching, anthropology, and journalism, among other things.
He also began to write novels and finished his first book, Noli
Me Tangere, while living in Wilhemsfeld with the Reverend
Karl Ullmer.
32. Rizal and Friends
Jose Rizal had an amazing circle of friends. His friends
were also ilustrados and Mestizos who were from
prominent families. They traveled together shared
different adventures together and got a lot of girls
together. They call themselves the "Los Indios Bravos"
which means "The Brave Filipinos".
33. Rizal and Friends
They had the word "indio" in their group name because
back then Filipinos were called indios by the Spaniards.
Because the Spaniards believed that the Filipinos were
uncivilized and stupid before they've conquered the
Philippines.
34. Rizal and Friends
The Los Indios Bravos were consisted of some of the most
prominent people from the Philippines during that time they
were: Juan Luna who painted the Spoliarium, Felix Hidalgo,
and Trinidad Pardo de Tavera. They were fond of taking
pictures and taking a photograph during that time was very
expensive not all people could afford taking pictures.
35. Rizal and Friends
• Rizal with his Friends
and members of the
Propaganda Movement
36. Rizal also traveled to other parts of Europe, where he
continued his education and broadened his perspectives on
politics, culture, and history. He visited France, Germany,
Italy, and other countries, and he also learned to speak
several languages.
Travel and further
education
37. After completing his studies in Europe, Rizal returned to the
Philippines and became involved in the Philippine Revolution
against Spanish colonial rule. His education and experiences
abroad played a significant role in his ideas and writings,
which advocated for Philippine independence and social
reform.
38. My First Inspiration (Mi Primira Inspiracion) 1874
Why falls so rich a spray
of fragrance from the bowers
of the balmy flowers
upon this festive day?
Why from woods and vales
do we hear sweet measures ringing
that seem to be the singing
of a choir of nightingales?
Why in the grass below
do birds start at the wind's noises,
unleashing their honeyed voices
as they hop from bough to bough?
Why should the spring that glows
its crystalline murmur be tuning
to the zephyr's mellow crooning
as among the flowers it flows?
Why seems to me more endearing,
fairer than on other days,
the dawn's enchanting face
among red clouds appearing?
The reason, dear mother, is
they feast your day of bloom:
the rose with its perfume,
the bird with its harmonies.
And the spring that rings with laughter
upon this joyful day
with its murmur seems to say:
'Live happily ever after!’
And from that spring in the grove
now turn to hear the first note
that from my lute I emote
to the impulse of my love.
39. TASK
Instructions.
1. Read the poem Mi Primera Inspiracion (My First Inspiration) was the
first poem Jose Rizal wrote during his schooling stint in Ateneo. This
poem was written in honor of his mother’s birthday.
2. After reading the poem, please make a reflection essay and discuss
your insights.
Format:
Font Style - Times New Roman
Font Size - 12
Spacing - 1.5
Alignment – Justified
