Slides from my Great Wide Open 2016 presentation about Open Source 101: Understanding Open Source.

1. Jim Jagielski
@jimjag
Understanding Open Source
Class 101
AKA: How I learned to stop worrying and love FOSS

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About Me
➡ Apache Software Foundation
➡ Co-founder, Director, Member and Developer
➡ Director
➡ Outercurve, MARSEC-XL, OSSI, OSI (ex)…
➡ Developer
➡ Mega FOSS projects
➡ O’Reilly Open Source Award: 2013
➡ European Commission: Luminary Award
➡ Sr. Director: Tech Fellows: Capital One

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What’s in your PROJECT?

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What is Open Source?
➡ Basically, it’s a “new” way to develop, license and distribute code
➡ Actually, there was “open source” even before it was called that
➡ The key technologies behind the Internet and the Web and the
Cloud are all Open Source based
➡ Brings Scientific Method to IT

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What is Open Source?
➡ Open Source Licensing
➡ OSI and/or Free Software Foundation (FSF) Approved
➡ Free Software
➡ As in Free Speech, not Free Beer
➡ Open Source Methodology (secondary)
➡ Community/Governance types
➡ Many consider this just as important as the license

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What is Open Source?
➡ Also called Free Software
➡ But the word “Free” confuses some people
➡ FOSS: Free and Open Source Software
➡ FLOSS: Free/Libre Open Source Software
➡ Pretty much, all mean the same thing
➡ The name can cause “religious” or “philosophical” debates, but
in government and industry, Open Source is the more widely
used term.

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What is Open Source?
➡ Basic tenets (related to licenses):
➡ Access to the source code (the code is Open and Free)
➡ Ability to use the source code (run it and/or leverage it)
➡ Ability to modify the source code
➡ Ability to distribute the (modified) source code
➡ Open Source “methodology”/philosophy

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The draw of Open Source (hacker)
➡ Having a real impact in the development and direction of IT
➡ Personal satisfaction: I wrote that!
➡ Sense of membership in a community
➡ Sense of accomplishment - very quick turnaround times
➡ Developers and engineers love to tinker - huge opportunity to do
so

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The draw of Open Source
(Companies/Orgs)
➡ Having a real impact in the development and direction of IT
➡ Sense of membership in a community (most of the time)
➡ Save on expensive resources
➡ Ability to focus on what differentiates yourself
➡ Allows for nimbleness and agility
➡ Increased revenue and market share

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The draw of Open Source (users)
➡ Access to the source code
➡ Avoid vendor lock-in (or worse!)
➡ Much better software
➡ Better security record (more eyes)
➡ Much more nimble development - frequent releases
➡ Direct user input
➡ Open Standards

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Licenses

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Why?
➡ Copyright is the default
➡ Open Source is everywhere
➡ The license determines use, re-use and distribution
➡ Not understanding means risk

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License Goals
➡ Ensure what parts remain open source
➡ Maintain control over code and direction
➡ Provide common implementation for standards
➡ Build community or commercial marketplace
➡ For most end-users, this is the sole touch-point

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True Open Source
➡ For software to be Open Source, it must be under an OSI or
FSF approved Open Source License
➡ Open Source Definition: http://www.opensource.org/docs/osd
➡ Free Software Definition: http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-
sw.html
➡ New Open Source licenses are very hard to get approved
➡ There are really 3 main types

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Give me Credit
Permissive:
ALv2
MIT
BSD

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Give me Fixes
Weak Copyleft:
EPL
LGPL

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Give me Everything
Strong Copyleft
GPLv2
GPLv3
AGPL

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One True License
➡ There is no such thing
➡ Licensing is selected to address what you are trying to do
➡ In general, Open Standards do better with AL-like license
➡ If wide adoption is important to you: again AL.
➡ To restrict non-shared enhancements: copyleft

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Governance/Community

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Community
➡ AKA: Governance
➡ Defines how the community operates
➡ How conflicts are resolved
➡ Growth path of the community
➡ code
➡ members
➡ Again, 3 main types

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Walled Garden
“All your base are belong to us.”

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BDFL
“Supreme executive power
derives from a mandate from the
masses, not some farcical aquatic
ceremony.”

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Meritocracy
“Out of Chaos comes Order”

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Community Building

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Use Email Lists

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Drive Consensus
+1

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No Poisonous People

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Play Nice, Share, Have Fun

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Thanks!
Twitter: @jimjag
Emails:
jim@jaguNET.com
jim@apache.org
jim.jagielski@capitalone.com
http://www.slideshare.net/jimjag/