Emprendedores Sociales Master Economia Social Iberoamericana Mondragon Mexico
1. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Máster en gestión de Empresas de Economía Social – Universidad
Iberoamericana – Puebla Julio 2011
Dr. Aitor Lizartza Martin y Dr. Jose Mari Luzarraga
– Mondragon University
alizmar@eteo.mondragon.edu
jmluzarraga@eteo.mondragon.edu
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
2. Objetivos de la sesión
Basado en el libro
“The power of unreasonable people”
(J Elkington & P. Hartigan –
Harvard Business Press 2008)
Nuestros objetivos son:
Ü Presentar una nueva generación de emprendedores sociales
Ü Entender sus modelos de negocio y estilos de liderazgo
Ü Identificar oportunidades de mercado
Ü Averiguar los recursos financieron obtenidos
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
3. “THE POWER OF UNREASONABLE PEOPLE
How Social Entrepreneurs Create Markets that Change the World”
(Harvard Business Press 2008)
- Understanding what is a Social Entrepreneur
- Classifying types of Social Enterprises
- Identifying SE market opportunities
- Tapping SE financial resources
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
4. Understanding what is a Social Entrepreneur
“The reasonable man adapts himself t the world
The unreasonable man persist in trying to adapt the world
to himself.
Therefore, all progress depends on the unreasonable man”
(George Bernard Swaw, 1903)
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
5. Social entrepreneurs are…
Ü Innovative, Resourceful, Practical and Opportunistic,… as any
other entrepreneurs
Ü But… What motivates social entrepreneurs is not doing the
“DEAL” but achieving the “IDEAL”
Ü So they have a long term commitment with their projects
Ü Most Social entrepreneurs stumble across the opportunity to
SERVE OTHERS
Ü Common inspiration is:
“You have to be the change you want to see in the world”
(Gandhi)
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
6. Why are they unreasonable? Because…
Ü They Want to Change the World
Ü They are insanely ambitious
Ü They are propelled by emotions
Ü They think they know the future
Ü They seek profit in unprofitable pursuits
Ü They ignore the evidence
Ü They try to Measure the Unmeasurable
Ü They refuse to be made into Superheroes
Ü They are, well, unreasonable
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
7. Characteristics of Successful Social entrepreneurs
Ü Try to shrug off the constraints of ideology or discipline
Ü Identify & apply practical solutions to social problems, combining
innovation, resourcefulness, and opportunity
Ü Innovate by finding a new product, a new service, or a new
approach to a social problem
Ü Focus-first & foremost-on social value creation and, in that spirit, are
willing to share their innovations & insights for other to replicate
Ü Jump in before ensuring they are fully resourced
Ü Have an unwavering belief in everyone’s innate capacity, often
regardless of education, to contribute meaningfully to economic &
social development
Ü Show a dogged determination that pushes them to take risks that
others wouldn’t dare
Ü Balance their passion for change with a zeal to measure and
monitor their impact
Ü Have a great deal to teach change makers in other sectors
Ü Display a healthy impatience
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
8. How they look like…
Nicholas Negroponte (MIT-medialab)
“Entrepreneur behind the One laptop
per child project”
VIDEO: http://tinyurl.com/qkavho
Dr. Govindappa “Aravind Eye Hospital”
“The largest Eye care medical Dr. Mohammed Yumus
centre in the world” “Grameen Bank – Nobel Price 2006”
VIDEO: http://tinyurl.com/qb37rm VIDEO: http://tinyurl.com/dmbz9f
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
9. Classifying types of Social Enterprises
Traditional classification:
Ü Model 1: Leveraged Nonprofit ventures
Ü Model 2: Hybrid Nonprofit ventures
Ü Model 3: Social Business Ventures
Social Enterprise from a wider perspective
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
10. Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
11. Traditional classification
Model 1: Leveraged Nonprofit ventures
Ü A public good is being delivered to the most economically
vulnerable, who do not have access to, or are unable to
afford, the service rendered
Ü Both the entrepreneur and the organization are change
catalysts, with a central goal of enabling direct beneficiaries to
assume ownership of the initiative
Ü Multiple external partners are actively involved in supporting
the venture financially, politically, and in kind
Ü The founding entrepreneur morphs into a figurehead, in some
cases for the wider movement, as others assume
responsibilities and leadership
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
12. Traditional classification
Model 1: Leveraged Nonprofit ventures
Bunker Roy
“Barefoot College”
http://tinyurl.com/ottmg8
N. Negroponte
OLPC www.laptop.org
http://tinyurl.com/5tfazu
Mother Teresa
“Missionaries of Charity”
VIDEO: http://tinyurl.com/d25chs
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
13. Traditional classification
Model 2: Hybrid Nonprofit ventures
Ü Goods or services are delivered to populations that have been
excluded or underserved by mainstream markets, but the notion of
making a profit is not totally out of the question
Ü Sooner or later the founding entrepreneur or his/her team, typically
develops a marketing plan to ensure that the poor or otherwise
disadvantaged can access the product or service being provided
Ü The enterprise is able to recover a portion of its costs through the sale
of goods & services, in the process often identifying new markets
Ü To sustain activities & address the unmet needs of poor or otherwise
marginalized clients, the entrepreneur mobilizes funds from public,
private, and/or philanthropic organizations in the form of grants, loans
Ü As mainstream investors & business enter the picture, even when they
are not seeking mainstream financial returns, they push to become
model 3
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
14. Traditional classification
Model 2: Hybrid Nonprofit ventures
Rick Aubry
“Rubicon Programs”
VIDEO: http://tinyurl.com/o4dd82
Dr. Govindappa Martin Fisher
“Aravind Eye Hospital” KickStart: www.kickstart.org
http://tinyurl.com/qb37rm VIDEO: http://tinyurl.com/p7mep3
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
15. Traditional classification
Model 3: Social Business ventures
Ü The entrepreneur sets up the venture as a business with the specific
mission to drive transformational social and/or environmental
change
Ü Profits are generated, but the aim is not maximize financial returns
for shareholders but instead to financially benefit low-income groups
and to grow the social venture by reinvestment, enabling it to reach
and serve more people
Ü The entrepreneur seeks out investors interested in combining
financial and social returns
Ü The enterprise’s financing-and scaling- opportunities can be
significantly greater because social business can more easily take
on debt and equity
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
16. Traditional classification
Model 3: Social Business ventures
Dr. Mohammed Yumus F. Arizmendiarrieta
“Grameen Bank – Nobel Price 2006” MONDRAGON Cooperatives
VIDEO: http://tinyurl.com/qt65ux http://tinyurl.com/p75akt
http://tinyurl.com/otm9ft
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
17. Actividad reflexión/inspiración
Ü Elige un emprendedor social que conozcas
Ü Identifica que características tiene
Ü Identifica que tipo de empresa social utiliza
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
18. Classifying Social enterprise from a wider perspective
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
19. 10 market opportunities for social entrepreneurs
1. Demographic opportunities
Facts:
- Human population toward 9 billion to10 billion people
- Age distribution skewing: old vs. young boom nations
- Worldwide migration: from rural to cities
- One of the best ways of reining population growth is encouraging
economic development
Examples of successful Social Entrepreneurs
- Jeroo Billimoria – Child Helpline International -
http://www.childhelplineinternational.org/
- Martin Fisher – Cooperative Home Care Associates (CHCA), the
Paraprofessional Healtcare Institute (PHI) & Independence Care
System (ICS) http://www.chcany.org/
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
20. 10 market opportunities for social entrepreneurs
2. Financial opportunities
Facts:
- The notion that the haves will find ways to gain more and that the
have-nots will lose more has been acknowledged since biblical times
- Extreme financial inequality can sow the seeds of insurrections and
social cataclysm
- Tools & frameworks for economic justice are weak or nonexistent
Examples of successful Social Entrepreneurs
- Jeroo Billimoria – Aflatoun - http://www.aflatoun.org/
- Martin Fisher – Kickstart - http://www.kickstart.org/ (0.6% GDP of
Kenya GDP & 0.25% of Tanzania GDP)
- Fazle Abed – Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee-
http://www.brac.net/
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
21. 10 market opportunities for social entrepreneurs
3. Nutritional opportunities
Facts:
- True famine, hunger, and poor nutrition have been constants
through-out human history
- 862 million people across the world are hungry, up from 852 million a
year ago
- Every day, almost 16,000 children die from hunger-related causes--
ONE CHILD EVERY FIVE SECONDS.
Examples of successful Social Entrepreneurs
- Takao Furuno – The power of Duck - http://tinyurl.com/ojdwy7
- Hector Gonzalez – Cuadritos - http://www.cuadritos.com.mx/ (the
largest self-sustaining food bank in Mexico, feeding 100.000 people a
day)
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
22. 10 market opportunities for social entrepreneurs
4. Resource opportunities
Facts:
- A growing world population will not be a problem if the planet’s
resources were limitless, but they are not
- Demographic pressures are fistering awareness of the natural
resource limits to economic growth
- Example: the UN argues that the conflict in Darfur has been driven by
competition for water as climate change bites
Examples of successful Social Entrepreneurs
- Phil LaRocco – E+Co - http://www.eandco.net/
- Fabio Rosa – Ideaas - http://www.ideaas.org.br/ & the widely
replicated Palmares project http://www.ashoka.org/node/3291
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
23. 10 market opportunities for social entrepreneurs
5. Environmental opportunities
Facts:
- Environmental issues are universal: there is not South-North differences
- Nevertheless, poor populations everywhere in the world re forced to live in
the worst circumstances
- The dominant environmental concerns include the immediate of clean water
& sanitation, the risks of local & indoor pollution , & vulnerability to natural
hazards.
- Other parts of the world: noise, traffic congestion, air & water pollution, long-
term climate change,…
Examples of successful Social Entrepreneurs
- Yan Arthus-Bertrand – The Earth from the Air -
http://www.wecommunic8.com/earthfromtheair/
- Wangari Maathi – Green Belt Movement -
http://www.greenbeltmovement.org/
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
24. 10 market opportunities for social entrepreneurs
6. Health opportunities
Facts:
- From HIV/AIDS, to malaria, to potential pandemics like SARS or Flu-
A, the world problems can seen overwhelming
- In 2006,11 million children <5 years died from preventable causes
- 4 million babies will not survive their first month of life
- > 1/2 million women died in pregnancy, during labor, or after birth
Examples of successful Social Entrepreneurs
- Dr. Paul Farmer – “The Man who will cure the world” -
http://tinyurl.com/aovmpq
- Dr. Devi Shetty – Narayana Hrudayalaya -
http://www.narayanahospitals.com/
- Vera Cordeiro – Resnacer - http://www.ashoka.org/node/3420
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
25. 10 market opportunities for social entrepreneurs
7. Gender opportunities
Facts:
- There is always an inescapable gender component
- In the 1995 Kobe earthquake, 1,5 times more women than men died
- In the Asian tsunami, death rates for women were 3-4 times those for
men
- There are several factors: biological, cultural, economic, or access to
health care, education & information technology.
Examples of successful Social Entrepreneurs
- Wu Qing – Beijing Cultural Development Center for Rural Women -
http://www.nongjianv.org/english/index.html
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
26. 10 market opportunities for social entrepreneurs
8. Educational opportunities
Facts:
- Few factors are as powerful as education in empowering humans
- In a knowledge society access to educations becomes eevn more
important
Examples of successful Social Entrepreneurs
- Bunker Roy – Barefoot College - http://www.barefootcollege.org/
- Kyle Zimmer - Fist book - http://www.firstbook.org
- Wendy Kopp – Teach For America - http://www.teachforamerica.org/
- Michael Brown & Alan Khazei –City Year - http://www.cityyear.org
- Javier Gonzalez – abcdespanol - http://www.abcdespanol.com/es/
- Liz Maw – Netimpact - http://www.netimpact.org/
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
27. 10 market opportunities for social entrepreneurs
9. Digital opportunities
Facts:
- Enthusiasts may talk of “growing up digital”, but the IT revolution has
created its own divides
- 80% of people in the world have never heard a dial tone, let alone
surfed the Web
- Kofi Annan: “People lack many things: jobs, shelter, food, health care &
drinkable water. Today, being cut off from basic telecommunications services
is hardship almost as acute as these other deprivations, & may indeed
reduce the chances of finding remedies to them”
Examples of successful Social Entrepreneurs
- Rodrigo Baggio – Committee for Democracy in IT -
http://www.cdi.org.br/
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
28. 10 market opportunities for social entrepreneurs
10. Security opportunities
Facts:
- September 11th terrorism attack changed world security, however this
might be an effect of deeper & previous security causes.
- Instead of turning to companies like General Dynamics or Halliburton
for security measures, governments should look to social
entrepreneurs who recognize address the physical, psychological,
social, economic, energy-related, water-related, or environmental
security.
- Rich western countries spend up of 25 times as much on defense as
they do on overseas aid.
Examples of successful Social Entrepreneurs
- Pioneer Human Service - http://www.pioneerhumanservices.org/
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
29. “YOU HAVE TO BE THE CHANGE YOU
WANT TO SEE IN THE WORLD”
GANDHI
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
30. Eskerrik asko
Muchas gracias
Thank you
“Our strength does not lead to struggle but co-operation”
P. JM Arizmendiarrieta - 1956
Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011
31. Dr. JM Luzarraga – Mondragon Unibertsitatea – Master Emprendimiento Social Ibero - Julio 2011