How social are Scratch learners? A comprehensive analysis of the Scratch platform for social interactions

FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
How social are Scratch learners?
A comprehensive analysis of the Scratch platform for social
interactions
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez
jesus.moreno@programamos.es, grex@gsyc.urjc.es, mroman@edu.uned.es
GSyC/Libresoft, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg, June 2nd 2016
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
(cc) 2016 J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles and Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez
Some rights reserved. This work licensed under Creative Commons
Attribution-ShareAlike License. To view a copy of full license, see
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or write to
Creative Commons, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford,
California 94305, USA.
Some of the figures have been taken from the Internet
Source, and author and licence if known, is specified.
For those images, fair use applies.
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
Scratch
Visual programming language based on blocks
Designed for young learners
Massively used worldwide: 12 million users, 15 million projects
Website to share, study and remix projects, post comments or
work in teams
Social aspects of sw development of FLOSS movements
See https://scratch.mit.edu/statistics/
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
Research question
RQ: How ’social’ is the Scratch community in
terms of number of comments, friends,
favorites and galleries?
Background picture: rebel-performance.com
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
Dataset
Scratch Research Data
Data from the Scratch
online community website
First five years of data,
roughly 2007-2012
Core datasets, Text and
Code datasets and Project
Analytics datasets
Core Dataset
1,056,951 users
1,928,699 projects
120,097 galleries
1,313,200 friends
1,041,387 favorites
7,788,414 project comments
Request access to the dataset at https://llk.media.mit.edu/scratch-data/
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
Results (I)
Figure: Distribution of users in terms of time (days) in the community.
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
Results (II)
Figure: Distribution of users in terms of number of published projects.
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
Results (III)
Figure: Distribution of users in terms of number of friends.
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
Results (IV)
Figure: Distribution of users in terms of number of favorites.
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
Results (V)
Figure: Distribution of users in terms of number of galleries created.
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
Results (VI)
Figure: Distribution of users in terms of number of comments posted in
project pages.
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
Results (VII)
Table: Social activities of users with at least 5 published projects.
Galleries Friends Favorited Comments
Mean 0.94 12.72 11.42 100.05
Std 2.55 65.33 69.30 538.75
10% 0 0 0 0
20% 0 0 0 0
30% 0 0 0 0
40% 0 0 0 2
50% 0 1 0 5
60% 0 2 1 10
70% 1 4 3 21
80% 1 8 7 49
90% 3 21 19 161
100% 160 4,281 6,721 31,669
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
Results (and VIII)
Table: Characteristics of projects in collaborative galleries and projects
not in them.
Not in collab gallery In collab gallery
n 1,469,386 459,313
Blocks 100.84 152.24
Type of blocks 12.44 14.31
Costumes 17.20 25.84
Sounds 3.75 4.86
Ugstrings 36.15 55.01
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
Limitations
Several aspects must be taken into account
Data from 2007-2012, old version of the Scratch
website (see Internet archive)
Since 2012, important modifications in the
website to enhance users’ social participation
Study limited to online activities. Other social
actions performed in offline contexts (helping a
peer, working in teams) are out of the scope of
the investigation.
Background picture: Robert Couse-Baker
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
Conclusions
The vast majority of Scratch users barely make use of
the social capabilities offered by the website.
Medians of users who have published at least five projects:
1 friend
5 comments
0 galleries
0 favorites
Background picture: flamingcow.co.uk
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
Future Work
1 Compare this level of activity with other social, coding
communities (like Github).
2 Analyze the impact of social participation in the learning of
programming skills.
Adaptation of Dr. Scratch to measure computational thinking
skills with the information of the dataset. (See
http://drscratch.org)
3 Access to a new dataset with more recent information would
allow to perform new investigations that could yield different
conclusions.
Background picture: Simon Cunningham
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg
How social are Scratch learners?
A comprehensive analysis of the Scratch platform for social
interactions
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez
jesus.moreno@programamos.es, grex@gsyc.urjc.es, mroman@edu.uned.es
GSyC/Libresoft, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg, June 2nd 2016
J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
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How social are Scratch learners? A comprehensive analysis of the Scratch platform for social interactions

  • 1. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg How social are Scratch learners? A comprehensive analysis of the Scratch platform for social interactions J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez jesus.moreno@programamos.es, grex@gsyc.urjc.es, mroman@edu.uned.es GSyC/Libresoft, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg, June 2nd 2016 J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 2. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg (cc) 2016 J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles and Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez Some rights reserved. This work licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. To view a copy of full license, see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or write to Creative Commons, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford, California 94305, USA. Some of the figures have been taken from the Internet Source, and author and licence if known, is specified. For those images, fair use applies. J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 3. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg Scratch Visual programming language based on blocks Designed for young learners Massively used worldwide: 12 million users, 15 million projects Website to share, study and remix projects, post comments or work in teams Social aspects of sw development of FLOSS movements See https://scratch.mit.edu/statistics/ J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 4. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg Research question RQ: How ’social’ is the Scratch community in terms of number of comments, friends, favorites and galleries? Background picture: rebel-performance.com J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 5. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg Dataset Scratch Research Data Data from the Scratch online community website First five years of data, roughly 2007-2012 Core datasets, Text and Code datasets and Project Analytics datasets Core Dataset 1,056,951 users 1,928,699 projects 120,097 galleries 1,313,200 friends 1,041,387 favorites 7,788,414 project comments Request access to the dataset at https://llk.media.mit.edu/scratch-data/ J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 6. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg Results (I) Figure: Distribution of users in terms of time (days) in the community. J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 7. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg Results (II) Figure: Distribution of users in terms of number of published projects. J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 8. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg Results (III) Figure: Distribution of users in terms of number of friends. J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 9. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg Results (IV) Figure: Distribution of users in terms of number of favorites. J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 10. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg Results (V) Figure: Distribution of users in terms of number of galleries created. J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 11. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg Results (VI) Figure: Distribution of users in terms of number of comments posted in project pages. J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 12. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg Results (VII) Table: Social activities of users with at least 5 published projects. Galleries Friends Favorited Comments Mean 0.94 12.72 11.42 100.05 Std 2.55 65.33 69.30 538.75 10% 0 0 0 0 20% 0 0 0 0 30% 0 0 0 0 40% 0 0 0 2 50% 0 1 0 5 60% 0 2 1 10 70% 1 4 3 21 80% 1 8 7 49 90% 3 21 19 161 100% 160 4,281 6,721 31,669 J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 13. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg Results (and VIII) Table: Characteristics of projects in collaborative galleries and projects not in them. Not in collab gallery In collab gallery n 1,469,386 459,313 Blocks 100.84 152.24 Type of blocks 12.44 14.31 Costumes 17.20 25.84 Sounds 3.75 4.86 Ugstrings 36.15 55.01 J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 14. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg Limitations Several aspects must be taken into account Data from 2007-2012, old version of the Scratch website (see Internet archive) Since 2012, important modifications in the website to enhance users’ social participation Study limited to online activities. Other social actions performed in offline contexts (helping a peer, working in teams) are out of the scope of the investigation. Background picture: Robert Couse-Baker J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 15. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg Conclusions The vast majority of Scratch users barely make use of the social capabilities offered by the website. Medians of users who have published at least five projects: 1 friend 5 comments 0 galleries 0 favorites Background picture: flamingcow.co.uk J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 16. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg Future Work 1 Compare this level of activity with other social, coding communities (like Github). 2 Analyze the impact of social participation in the learning of programming skills. Adaptation of Dr. Scratch to measure computational thinking skills with the information of the dataset. (See http://drscratch.org) 3 Access to a new dataset with more recent information would allow to perform new investigations that could yield different conclusions. Background picture: Simon Cunningham J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?
  • 17. FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg How social are Scratch learners? A comprehensive analysis of the Scratch platform for social interactions J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez jesus.moreno@programamos.es, grex@gsyc.urjc.es, mroman@edu.uned.es GSyC/Libresoft, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos FLOSSEdu workshop @ OSS 2016, Gothenburg, June 2nd 2016 J. Moreno-Le´on, Gregorio Robles, Marcos Rom´an-Gonz´alez How social are Scratch learners?