1. SLEEP DISORDERS

2. FOUR CATEGORIES OF SLEEP DISORDERS
1.
2.
3.
4.
Primary Sleep Disorder- are those not
attributed to other cause and include
dyssomias and parasomnias
Sleep DO related to another mental DO
Sleep DO due to another medical condition
Substance- induced sleep DO

3. 1.1 DYSSOMIAS- PRIMARY DISORDERS OF
INITIATING OR MAINTAINING SLEEP, AND OR
EXCESSIVE SLEEPINESS AND ARE
CHARACTERIZED BY ABNORMALITIES IN THE
AMOUNT, QUALITY OR TIMING OF SLEEP.
1.1.1 Primary insomnia- difficulty of initiating or
maintaining sleep that lasts for one month and
causes significant distress or impairments of
functioning
1.1.2 Primary hypersomnia- excessive sleepiness
for at least one month y=that involves either
prolonged sleep episodes or daily daytime
sleeping that causes significant distress or
impairment in functioning

4. 1.1.3. Narcolepsy- excessive sleepiness
characterized by repeated irresistible sleep
attacks, may also experience
- catalepsy ( sudden episodes of bilateral,
reversible loss of muscle tone that lasts for
seconds to minutes
- Recurrent intrusions of REM sleep in the
sleep- wake transition, manifested by
paralysis of the voluntary muscles or dreamlike hallucinations

5. 1.1.4. Breathing related sleep DO- sleep
disruption leading to excessive sleepiness or,
less commonly, insomnia caused by
abnormalities in ventilation during sleep.
- Obstructive sleep apnea (repeated episodes of
upper airway obstruction
- Central sleep apnea ( episodic cessation of
ventilation without airway obstruction
- Central alveolar hypoventilation (hypoventilation
resulting in low arterial oxygen levels

6. 1.1.5. Circadian rhythm sleep DO (sleep- wake
schedule DO)- persistent or recurring sleep
disorder resulting from altered functioning of
circadian rhythm or a mismatch between
circadian rhythm and external demands
subtypes:
delayed sleep phase
shift work
unspecified

7. 1.2. PARASOMIAS- RE ABNORMAL BEHAVIORAL
OR PSYCHOLOGICAL EVENTS ASSOCIATED WITH
SLEEP, SPECIFIC SLEEP STAGES, OR SLEEPWAKE TRANSITION.
1.2.1. Nightmare DO- repeated occurrence of
frightening dreams that leads to waking from
sleep
1.2.2. Sleep terror DO- repeated occurrence of
abrupt awakenings from sleep associated with
panicky scream or cry.
1.2.3. Sleepwalking DO- repeated episodes of
complex motor behavior initiated during sleep,
including getting out of bed and walking around

8. SLEEP HYGIENE MEASURES
Establish a regular schedule for going to bed
and arising
 Avoid sleep deprivation and the desire to
catch up
 Do not eat large meal before bedtime
 Avoid daytime naps
 Exercise daily
 Minimize or eliminate caffeine and nicotine
ingestion


9. SLEEP HYGIENE MEASURES
Do not look at the clock while you are lying
down
 Keep the temperature in the bedroom slightly
cool
 Do not drink alcohol in an attempt to sleep
 Do not use bed for reading, working, watching
television, etc.
 Writing worry on a piece of paper
 Soft music, relaxation tapes ...........


10. THANK YOU...
 THANK YOU....
 THANK YOU.....
