Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median and Mode
American immigration history
1. American melting pot
You, Whoever You Are
You, whoever you are!...
All you continentals of Asia, Africa, Europe, Australia, indifferent of place!
All you on the numberless islands of the archipelagoes of the sea!
All you of centuries hence when you listen to me!
All you each and everywhere whom I specify not, but include just the
same!
Health to you! good will to you all, from me and America sent!
Each of us is inevitable,
Each of us is limitless—each of us with his or her right upon the earth,
Each of us allow'd the eternal purports of the earth,
Each of us here as divinely as any is here.
Walt Whitman
2. Melting pot vs. Salad Bowl
Melting Pot→All immigrants mixed
together form the ”American”
Salad Bowl →All immigrants are
American, yet keep their cultural heritage
from their ”home”
3. Immigration History
Who? When?
•Northern Europeans • Late 1800’s-early 1900’s
Swedish, Irish, Norwegian, Germa
n
•Eastern Europeans • Late 1800’s-early 1900’s
Russian, Polish, Jewish • 1930’s-1940’s
•Southern Europeans
Italians, Greeks, Turks • 1940’s
•Holocaust victims
• 1960’s-1970’s
•Vietnam war refugees
•Today: Mexicans, Central/Middle • 1980’s - present
Americans, Somalians
4. Why did they come? What is the
attraction of a country they have never
• These people were
seen?
fleeing crop failures,
• land and job shortages
• rising taxes and
famine
• escaping religious or
political persecution.
• Available land
• Plenty of work
• Move up social ladder
5.
6. How did they travel?
• It took 3 months to travel to America at the
beginning of the 1800’s
• In steamships (which began to be used in the
mid-nineteenth century)it took 14 days to
cross the Atlantic
• Most passangers bought passage in steerage –
the cheapest option
7.
8.
9.
10. Statue of Liberty
Give me your tired, your poor,
Your huddled masses yearning to
breathe free.
The wretched refuse of your teeming
shore.
Send these, the homeless, tempest-
tossed to me,
I life my lamp beside the golden door.
Emma Lazarus
- Intended as a sign of friendship
between the United States and France
and as a monument to political liberty
in both nations,
- a symbol of refuge and hope for
immigrants
11. Ellis and
Angel Island
• Ellis Island—New York • Angel Island—San
– This is where European Francisco
immigrants first landed – Chinese and Asian
in the U.S. and were immigrants first landed
processed to decide if here for processing.
they were eligible to – This could take weeks or
stay. months
– Processing could take – Conditions were much
hours harsher on Angel Island
– 12 million immigrants than on Ellis Island.
passed through – 175,000 immigrants
12. African
-Largest racial minority in the United States.
Now, more than 35 million Americans claim
African ancestry,
-come from Sub-Saharan Africa ,West and Central
African, descendants of enslaved Africans
-discrimination
-Rosa Parks, Malcom X, Muhammad Ali, M. L.
King, Jr.
13. German
-They were aboard the first boats that came
ashore at Jamestown
-comprise about 50 million people, or 17% of the
U.S. population
-live mostly in California, Texas and Pennsylvania,
-established the first kindergartens in the United
States, introduced the Christmas tree
tradition, and originated popular American foods
such as hot dogs and hamburgers
-John D. Rockefeller, William Boeing, Walter
Chrysler, Dwight D. Eisenhower
-German words in English:
angst, kindergarten, sauerkraut, doppelganger, g
emütlich, lederhosen, poltergeist, strudel, schna
ps, Übermensch, schnitzel, Wanderjahr
14. Irish
-religious conflicts, lack of political autonomy
and dire economic conditions
- Settled in New York (too poor to travel)
- -discriminated against
- Took the jobs no one wanted
- "Let Negroes be servants, and if not
Negroes, let Irishmen fill their place..."
- - Paddy Wagon, donnybrook, fighting Irish
15. Scandinavian
• Leif Erickson came to Canada almost 5
centuries before Columbus
• Immigration increased in the late 19th
century due to mounting economic
pressures and overpopulation
• Scandinavian immigrants settled primarily
in the Midwest. Norwegians favored
Minnesota, Wisconsin, and North Dakota.
• 4.5 million people of Norwegian ancestry
today
• regional wars and agricultural disasters
created tremendous instability in
everyday life, official corruption, the
policies of powerful state churches, and
an increasing disparity between the rich
and the poor
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x-
XEHwUBubk&feature=fvwrel
16. Italians
• It was an Italian who
began the story of
immigration to America
• Italians stopped in New
York and made their
home there.
• Little Italy, Mannhattan
• Famous people with
Italian origin: Jon Bon
Jovi, Hulk
Hogan, Madonna, Robert
DeNiro, Danny DeVito, Al
Pacino, Frank
Sinatra, Mario Puzo
17. Russian/ Polish • 3.13 million Russian
Americans
• 10 million Polish Americans
• In 1880, more than six
million of the world's 7.7
million Jews lived in eastern
Europe. By 1920, close to 23
percent of the world's Jews
move to the US.
• -Babushka, balalaika, gulag,
matryoshka, samovar,
Ushanka
• -schmuck, schmatta, schlub,
yarmulka, kielbasa, pierogi
18. Japanese
-Japanese immigration increased between 1900 and
1919
-First immigrants settled in Hawaii, worked in sugar cane
fields
-On December 7, 1941, Pearl Harbor. Americans started
arresting prominent Japanese Americans—
businessmen, journalists, teachers, and civic officials—as
security risks.
-By the end of the war in 1945, 125,000 people, half of
them children, had spent time in what even Roosevelt
admitted were concentration camps (California and
much of Washington and Oregon)
-the postwar years saw dramatic improvements
-Today, the Japanese American community is nearly 1
million strong
19. Mexican
-Mexican immigration occupies a complex position
in the U.S. history.
-Spanish-speaking people have lived in North
America since the Spaniards colonized Mexico in
the16th century
- Mexicans first arrived in present-day New
Mexico in 1598 and founded the city of Santa
Fe in 1610.
- 1846 U.S. and Mexico over the U.S. annexation
of Texas - Texas, as well as parts of
Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah and
Nevada to America
- 20th century – increase of immigrants
- projections show that, by the next two
generations, more than 25 percent of the U.S.
population will be of Latin American origin. -
Influence on English:
adios, amigo, barbecue, canoe, desperado, fiest
a, guerilla, macho, patio, potato, tornado
-Tex-Mex – chees, beans, meat and spices - chili
con carne, chili con queso, nachos, chili gravy, and
fajitas
20. Chinese
• Came to America to discover gold
• China suffered poverty and
famine
• Gold fever turned out to be an
illusion, they had no money to
come back
• Central Pacific Railroad
• Chinese laundries
• Chinatowns - San Francisco
Chinatown - the oldest Chinatown
in North America and the largest
Chinese community outside Asia
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=cW6f96SgknY&feature=player_
embedded
21. Puerto Rican/Cuban
• Puerto Rico American • Cubans fled political
since 1917 persecution; Fidel
• Started migrating in the Castro; Cold War
20th century because of • Miami - the capital of
poverty and economic Cuban America and the
depression Latin American world
