2. Choose the correct answer
Gene Patenting: What Do You Think?
Gene patenting is a touchy subject, and I was recently
reminded / recently reminded of it when I heard that the
American Civil Liberties Union sues /is suing a
biotechnology company. Okay, let's go back to basics. What’s
a patent? Patents are what inventors get to ensure that no
one copies / is copying their ideas, makes / is making
money from them and/or takes / is taking all the credit.
Answers
3. Choose the correct answer
Gene Patenting: What Do You Think?
Gene patenting is a touchy subject, and I was recently
reminded / recently reminded of it when I heard that the
American Civil Liberties Union sues /is suing a
biotechnology company. Okay, let's go back to basics. What’s
a patent? Patents are what inventors get to ensure that no
one copies / is copying their ideas, makes / is making
money from them and/or takes / is taking all the credit.
Answers
Gene patenting is a touchy subject, and (1)I was recently
reminded of it when I heard that the American Civil Liberties
Union (2)is suing a biotechnology company. Okay, let's go back
to basics. What’s a patent? Patents are what inventors get to
insure that no one (3)copies their ideas, (4)makes money from
them and/or (5)takes all the credit.
4. Choose the correct answer
Gene Patenting: What Do You Think?
Gene patenting is a touchy subject, and I was recently
reminded / recently reminded of it when I heard that the
American Civil Liberties Union sues /is suing a
biotechnology company. Okay, let's go back to basics. What’s
a patent? Patents are what inventors get to ensure that no
one copies / is copying their ideas, makes / is making
money from them and/or takes / is taking all the credit.
Answers
Gene patenting is a touchy subject, and (1)I was recently
reminded of it when I heard that the American Civil Liberties
Union (2)is suing a biotechnology company. Okay, let's go back
to basics. What’s a patent? Patents are what inventors get to
insure that no one (3)copies their ideas, (4)makes money from
them and/or (5)takes all the credit.
1: Passive sentence: The subject (“I”) of this sentence is not the “doer” of the
action. The subject receives the action.
2. Present progressive:Action in progress.
3,4,5. Present simple: Repetitive action.
5. For example, a company (6)is inventing / invents a
special bicycle helmet with super-shock protection that they
developed out of years of research; their patent (which they
apply for) (7)gives / is giving them exclusive rights of the
production and sales of this helmet model that they (8) put /
putted so much work into.
Answers
6. For example, a company (6)is inventing / invents a
special bicycle helmet with super-shock protection that they
developed out of years of research; their patent (which they
apply for) (7)gives / is giving them exclusive rights of the
production and sales of this helmet model that they (8) put /
putted so much work into.
Answers
For example, a company (6) invents a special bicycle
helmet with super-shock protection that they developed out
of years of research; their patent (which they apply for)
(7)gives them exclusive rights of the production and sales of
this helmet model that they put so much work into.
7. For example, a company (6)is inventing / invents a
special bicycle helmet with super-shock protection that they
developed out of years of research; their patent (which they
apply for) (7)gives / is giving them exclusive rights of the
production and sales of this helmet model that they (8) put /
putted so much work into.
Answers
For example, a company (6) invents a special bicycle
helmet with super-shock protection that they developed out
of years of research; their patent (which they apply for)
(7)gives them exclusive rights of the production and sales of
this helmet model that they put so much work into.
6,7: Present Simple: The company is not “inventing” the bicycle at this very
moment.
8. Irregular past verb: Past of “put is “put”
8. This is called intellectual property rights. Secure in their
knowledge that they (9) may be able / will be able to get a
patent, researchers, companies and individuals (10) invest /
are investing their time, money, and brain power to research
and develop new products, ideas, etc. Patents generally (11) are
lasting / last for twenty years, and patenting rights (12)
function / functions generally the same way in both Canada
and the US.
Answers
9. This is called intellectual property rights. Secure in their
knowledge that they (9) may be able / will be able to get a
patent, researchers, companies and individuals (10) invest /
are investing their time, money, and brain power to research
and develop new products, ideas, etc. Patents generally (11) are
lasting / last for twenty years, and patenting rights (12)
function / functions generally the same way in both Canada
and the US.
Answers
This is called intellectual property rights. Secure in their
knowledge that they (9) will be able to get a patent,
researchers, companies and individuals (10) invest their time,
money, and brain power to research and develop new products,
ideas, etc. Patents generally (11) last for twenty years, and
patenting rights (12) function / functions generally the same
way in both Canada and the US.
10. This is called intellectual property rights. Secure in their
knowledge that they (9) may be able / will be able to get a
patent, researchers, companies and individuals (10) invest /
are investing their time, money, and brain power to research
and develop new products, ideas, etc. Patents generally (11) are
lasting / last for twenty years, and patenting rights (12)
function / functions generally the same way in both Canada
and the US.
Answers
This is called intellectual property rights. Secure in their
knowledge that they (9) will be able to get a patent,
researchers, companies and individuals (10) invest their time,
money, and brain power to research and develop new products,
ideas, etc. Patents generally (11) last for twenty years, and
patenting rights (12) function / functions generally the same
way in both Canada and the US.
9: High degree of certainty: We use “will” and not “may” to express high
certainty.
10, 11, 12: Present Simple : Repetitive (habitual) action.
11. Most consumer products (13) are patented / is patented, but
there is controversy over whether naturally occurring, or living
organisms can be patented. As it stands, DNA can be patented.
Some “types” of cattle (14) have been bred / were bred to be
ideal for meat; biotechnology or agriculture companies
(15 )could/can actually patent the entire set of DNA (called a
genome) of that animal so that another farm or meat business
cannot raise animals with the same favorable DNA. Livestock
(16) can now clone / can now be cloned to reproduce optimal
genomes. If you live in the US or EU, you (17) Could /ought to
be eating cloned meat or drinking milk from a cloned cow,
which is something to ponder.
Justification
12. Most consumer products (13) are patented / is patented, but
there is controversy over whether naturally occurring, or living
organisms can be patented. As it stands, DNA can be patented.
Some “types” of cattle (14) have been bred / were bred to be
ideal for meat; biotechnology or agriculture companies
(15 )could/can actually patent the entire set of DNA (called a
genome) of that animal so that another farm or meat business
cannot raise animals with the same favorable DNA. Livestock
(16) can now clone / can now be cloned to reproduce optimal
genomes. If you live in the US or EU, you (17) Could /ought to
be eating cloned meat or drinking milk from a cloned cow,
which is something to ponder.
Justification
13. Subject verb agreement: The subject “Most consumer products” is plural.
14. Present Perfect : Unspecified time.
15. Ability: Ability in the present (“actually”) requires “can” and not “could”.
16. Passive voice: The subject “Livestock” receives the action.
17. Possibility: Only “could” works as “ought to” implies obligation which
would be illogical in this context.
13.
So, to clarify, whole living animals (18)are not patented /
were not patented, their DNA is. DNA that would naturally
(19) occurs / occur without human influence is not
patentable. DNA (20)is becoming /becomes patentable
when genetic engineers (21) had isolated / have isolated
or changed it to produce a unique form that would not be
found in nature. DNA patents are on the rise as geneticists
make more and more discoveries; currently over three
million patents relating to (22) DNA have been applied
for / were applied for.
Justification
14.
So, to clarify, whole living animals (18)are not patented /
were not patented, their DNA is. DNA that would naturally
(19) occurs / occur without human influence is not
patentable. DNA (20)is becoming /becomes patentable
when genetic engineers (21) had isolated / have isolated
or changed it to produce a unique form that would not be
found in nature. DNA patents are on the rise as geneticists
make more and more discoveries; currently over three
million patents relating to (22) DNA have been applied
for / were applied for.
Justification
18. Passive sentence: Context requires the present.
19. Modal form : A verb that comes after a modal never takes “s”.
20. Present simple: Habitual / fact.
21. Present perfect: Past connected to the present.
22. Present Perfect: Past connected to the present.
