1. Two Options –One Virtual World:
Does it make a difference whether we talk or chat in
SecondLife?
Gwen Noteborn & Martin Rehm
EDiNEB 2010, London

2. What is Second Life (SL)?
•3D Metaverse founded in 2003 by
Linden Lab
•Login via web-application
•Avatars
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3. Potential of SL
a student-centered immersive virtual
environment that helps to unlock
creative problem solving and offer a
deeper level of collaborative learning
Bignell & Parson (2010)
It is Innovative & Fun!
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4. Brand your own product
•Brand Management Course
•Personal Care Product
•160 students
•33 groups
•SL
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5. Maastricht University Campus Island
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6. 6

9. Bridging the gap between theory and
practice
“ social laboratory where role-playing,
a
simulations, exploration, and
experimentation can be tried out in a
relatively risk-free environment”
(Graves, 2008, p. 50)
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10. Simulations
•“Real-life”experience
•Behaviour modeling (Bolt, et al., 2001)
•Built-in feedback(Murthy, et al., 2008)
•Synchronous communication (de Freitas, 2008)

11. Perceived Gaps in Current Research
•Findings & evidence remain anecdotal
and descriptive (Livingston & Kemp, 2006)
•Differentiation between text- & voice-
based communication
•Impact of preferences & motivation on
communication patterns

12. Setting
•Brand Management Course
•160 students
•Discussion Task
•Teams of ~ 5 members
•Cohort 1: Text
•Cohort 2: Voice
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13. Lecture
plenary
Disc
ussi
SL
on T
ask
Cohort 1 Cohort 2
text-based voice-based
Results
plenary

14. Instruments
•Expectations & Goals
(Giesbers, et al., 2009; Rehm, 2009; Rienties, et al., 2006)
•Academic Motivation Scale
(Giesbers, et al., 2009; Rienties, et al., 2008; Vallerand, et al., 1992)
•Perceptions
(Giesbers, et al., 2009; Rehm, 2009; Rienties, et al., 2006)
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15. Expected Results
•Communication:
–Voice > Text
(Giesbers, et al., 2009)
•Academic Motivation will influence:
–level of communication
–preferred type of communication
è Intrinsic à text-based
Extrinsic à voice-based
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16. Expected Results (cont.)
•Enthusiastic
•Challenging
•Resembles “ real-life”
•Enjoyable
“ think that the second life project was a great way
I
of applying and ‘ playing around’ with the
knowledge we gained during the course.”
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17. Limitations & Issues of Concern
•Experiment has not yet taken place
•Chosen parameters
–Other factors more important?
•Focus on descriptive statistics
•Experimental Setup
–“one-shot”
–face-to-face contact cannot be prohibited
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18. Further Research
•Content Analysis
•Longitudinal data
•Include gestures
•Retention rate
•Perception of Avatars
•…
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19. Contact Information
Gwen Noteborn Martin Rehm
Researcher Program Manager e-Learning
Educational Research and Development Research Fellow
School of Business and Economics Maastricht Graduate School of Governance
gcm.noteborn@maastrichtuniversity.nl martin.rehm@maastrichtuniversity.nl
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