Epp grade 5

Different Types of
Activities in the
Industries

Woodworking
• Many of the skills acquired on the
woodworking are rewarding. The
carpentry should be know the
students not only in employment but
also for their own needs at home as
repairing broken chairs, tables, fences
and more.

Metal Works
• One of the chambers of economic
education today is timely because
many scattered waste such as metal
cans that can be used again in
developing projects such as dust
pan, grater, soap dish, recipe box
and frame.

Electricity
Here the students to gain basic knowledge
and skills of electricity, corresponding
precautions and safety practices to avoid
disaster.

Tools and
Equipment of
Woodworking

Pull – Push
Rule
flexible tape that
slides into a
material case and
it is used to
measure irregular
and regular
shapes.

Ruler
12-inch or one
foot rule and it
is used to
take/make
simple
measurements.

Meter Stick
used to
measure a
work piece.

Try Square
squaring,
measuring and
testing tool used
to check adjacent
surfaces for
squareness.

Caliper
used to transfer
measurements
from the rule
to the work.

Pencil
used to
layout or
mark cutting
lines.

Chalk Line
used to
establish a
straight line
on a surface.

Divider
tool with two
metal legs used
to lay-out an
arc circle or
step
off division on
a line.

Compass
used to scribe
arcs and circle
in a metal
wood.

Try Square
tool used in
squaring,
measuring and
testing the
squareness
of a wood.

Steel Square
framing square used
to mark out the
work for squaring
and
checking of angles
and is used in the
construction of roof
framing and large
furniture.

Spirit Level
tool used for
testing
vertical and
horizontal
surfaces.

Plumb bob
tool used to
test the
vertical and
horizontal
surfaces.

Chisel
tool used to
trim and shape
wood.

Plane
used to obtain a
smooth and flat
surface.

Spoke shave
small plane
like tool from
irregularly
shaped
objects.

Cabinet scraper
rectangular piece
of steel with two
cutting edges
used for
working flat and
curved shapes.

Cross Cut Saw
handsaw used
to cut the
wood across
the grain.

Rip-saw
hand saw
used to cut
the wood
along the
grain.

Differences of Crosscut Saw and
Rip Saw

Back Saw
handsaw with
a metal back
and plywood
and joinery.

Compass Saw
used to cut
irregular shape
either in large or
small board.

Turning Saw
used to rip,
cross and cut
curves in
lumber.

Coping Saw
u-shaped saw
used for cutting
irregular shape in
small board.

Dovetail Saw
small back saw
with a straight
chisel type
handle used to
cut
very fine joints.

Auger bit
tool used to
make hole in
woods.

Expansive bit
tool used to drill
holes of various
sizes in woods.

Drill bit
tool used for
boring holes
either in
metals, woods
or plastics.

C-Clamp
used for
holding
together pieces
of lumber while
working.

Bench Vise
used to hold
any materials
or tools in
place.

Bar Clamp
used to hold
large boards or
frames together
while
assembling or
gluing.

Oil Stone
used for
sharpening
edge cutting
tools such as
chisel.

Files
used to
smoothen
metal and
wood surfaces.

Paint Brush
used to apply
paint or varnish
on wood
surfaces.

Nail Set
used to drive
the head of
nails lower than
surface of
wood.

Saw Set
used to bend the
upper half of
each tooth to one
side or the
other to form a
set.

Sander
portable
power tool
used for
sanding
furniture
pieces.

Router
used for shaping
surfaces and
edges of furniture
parts.

Jigsaw
power tool
used primarily
for cutting
curved or
irregular
shapes of
wood surfaces.

Circular saw
power saw used
for many types of
cutting,
particularly on
large panel stock.

Electric Drill
power drill which
is used to drill
holes in various
materials to
perform a
multitude of
tasks.

Claw Hammer
used to drive
and pull out
nails on
wooden
surfaces.

Mallet
made out of
wood or rubber
used to drive
other tools like
chisel.

Nail Set
used in setting
the head of a
finishing nail
below the
surface
of the wood.

Screw
Driver
used to drive
and loose
screws.

Tools and
Equipment of
Metal Works

Steel Tape
is similar to a steel
tape rule except for
its flexible number
of
feet that are marked
on the tape. The
tape is 3/8 inch wide
and available in 25
to 100 feet length.

Steel rule.
This is the most common
tool used in the tool
room. It is made of
tampered steel about
1/8 inch thick and ¾
inch wide and 6 to 12
inches long. The same
style maybe obtained
from 1 to 48 inches in
length.

Try square
is an instrument
used to measure
and test the
squareness of an
object.

Combination
square
It is a measuring
instrument
combined with
45°, 90° and a
protractor.

Micrometer calliper
Is a precision
measuring
instrument used to
measure
dimensions in
thousandths of an
inch.

Vernier caliper
is a precision
measuring
instrument used to
measure the inside,
outside diameter, as
well as depth of hole
and slot.

Dividers
These are used
for measuring or
setting of
distances, and to
lay out arcs and
circles.

Bench
Rule/Ruler
t is the most
common tool in the
tool room and it is
made of tempered
steel about 1/8”
thick , ¾ “ wide and
6-18 inches long.

Hacksaw
is a tooth cutting
tool usually with a
solid and adjustable
frame. The main
parts are handles,
blade, tightening
screw and nuts.

Files
are made of high grade
steel which are hardened
and tempered. Each file
has rows of teeth that
form, shape and finish
metal by removing small
chips and smoothing
rough edges of the
metal surface.

Cold chisel
A wedge-shaped
tool used to shear,
cut, and chip metal

Scraper
is used in removing
points, burrs and sharp
edges from metal
surfaces and similar
parts. This tool is made
of hardened steel of
various shapes that fit
according to each
purpose.

Punches
are used for
permanent
markings on the
surface of metals.

Ball peen
hammer
is used for straightening
bending and deforming
metals. It has two faces.
One is flat used in
striking cold chisels and
punches. The other side,
the “peen”, is rounded
for bending and shaping
metals.

Chipping
hammer
is used for removing
slag on weld. It has
two faces,
on one side and
round pointed on
the other side.

Wrench
It is used for
loosening and
tightening light
and heavy nuts
and bolts.

Screwdriver
Is hand tool
that is
designed to
turn screws.

Clamps
are made of
different sizes
and appearance
that are fitted to
its purpose.

Drill vise
is a sturdy steel
vise with movable
jaws that easily
goes back or
forth by raising
the handle.

Machinist
vise
is a work holding
tool for
machining
activity.

Hand vise V block
with clamp
is used to hold
metal stocks for
small machining
operations.

Vise Grip
is a tool used to
grip the stock
tightly enough to
hold the object.

Tong
is used to hold
the metal to be
forged and must
be held securely
while working.

Pliers
are used for
holding,
cutting and
twisting wires.

Tools and
Equipment of
Electricity

Standard/Flat
Screw Driver
The blade tip is
wedge shaped and
resembles a
negative (-) sign.
This is used to drive
screws with a single
slot head.

Philips Screw
Driver
This has a cross tip
resembling a
positive (+) sign.
This is used to drive
screws with cross
slot heads.

Allen Screw
Driver/Wrench
This could be in the
shape of screw
driver or a wrench,
its function is to
drive a screw with
hexagonal slot head.

Combination Pliers
(Lineman’s Pliers)
is used to grip, hold,
cut electrical wires
and cables and even
small nails. Usually
used by linemen in
doing heavy tasks.

Side Cutting
Pliers
This type of pliers
is used for cutting
fine, medium and
big wires and
cables.

Long Nose
Pliers
Used for cutting and
holding fine wires. This
can reach tight spaces or
small openings where
other pliers cannot reach
and also used in making
terminal loops of copper
wires.

Wire Stripper
is a tool used for
removing insulation
of medium sized
wires ranging from
gauge #10 to gauge
#16.

Epp grade 5

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