1. Mass Media
Schooling is expanded to educated the masses.
Taxes to finance schools.
New coverage of events began to shape public
opinion.
(Newspapers editorials, magazines (Reader’s
Digest)
Invention of the radio by Telsa became a powerful
influence—started in Pittsburgh, Pa.
Talk shows and music.
By 1930—40% of Americans owned a radio.

2. Cultural Arts
George Gershwin was a famous composer. He
wrote ―Rhapsody in Blue‖ a famous piece of
concert music.
George O’Keefe—was a famous painter. He
painted colored canvases that captured the
grandeur of New York City.

3. Literature
Many Writers felt alienated by the 1920’s
culture.
Sinclair Lewis was the first American to win
the Nobel Prize in Literature.
His famous book was ―Babbitt‖—he
ridiculed Americans for their conformity
and materialism.
F. Scott Fitzgerald coined the phrase ―Jazz
Age‖
His famous books were ―This Side of
Paradise,‖ and ―The Great Gatsby‖
His books portrayed the wealthy and
attractive people living in gilded
surroundings. (Rich People)

4. Literature
Gertrude Stine formed a group called ―The
Lost Generation.‖ They were soured by
American culture; people living immoral
lives.
Ernest Hemingway was a famous writer.
He wrote ―The Sun Also Rises‖ and
―Farewell To Arms.‖ He criticized the
glorification of war.
T.S. Eliot was a famous poet.
He wrote ―The Waste Land‖ about
American society stripped of humanity.
Robert Frost was a famous writer.
He talked about the changing American
culture.

5. Heroes
Increased leisure time allowed people to
pursue pastimes.
Babe Ruth –New York Yankees.
Jack Dempsey & Gene Tunney-heavyweight
boxing championship.
Red Grange—Notre Dame Football became
famous.
Gertrude Ederle-First woman to swim the
English Channel (40 miles)
Andrew Foster founded the Negro National
Baseball League.

6. Lucky Lindy
Trans-Atlantic Flight:
Charles Lindbergh flew from New York City
to Paris in 33 Hours. His airplane was
called ―The Spirit of St. Louis.‖ He
became a true American Hero.
Amelia Earhart was the first woman to fly
solo across the Atlantic.
1920—First transcontinental airmail service.
1927—Pan American Airways carried mail.

7. Motion Pictures
-Hollywood Emerges.
Charlie Chaplin was known as ―The Little
Tramp‖ in no sound movies.
Clara Bow was a famous actress: known for
the movie
―it Girl‖ with no sound.
Rudolph Valentino developed ballroom dancing.
Talking Films in 1927:
The Jazz Singer was the first with sound.
Mickey Mouse came out in 1930 by Walt
Disney.

8. Motion Pictures
-Hollywood emerges
-Charlie Chaplin
―Little Tramp‖
-Clara Bow
―It Girl‖
-Rudolph Valentino
-talking films, 1927
-Mickey Mouse, 1930

9. Motion Pictures
-Hollywood emerges
-Charlie Chaplin
―Little Tramp‖
-Clara Bow
―It Girl‖
-Rudolph Valentino
-talking films, 1927
-Mickey Mouse, 1930

10. African American Goals
Literary and Artistic Movement started in New
York
City.
First inspirational writer was Zora Neal
Hurston a
famous black poet. She wrote the poem
entitled
“Jump At The Sun”; later she wrote “Their
Eyes Are
Watching God.”
Marcus Garvey came from Jamaica. He started
the
Universal Negro Improvement Association.
Famous Slogan: “Black is Beautiful.”
Started the Back to Africa Campaign. He
wanted all
African Americans to return to Africa.
Legacy of Garvey:
1. Black Pride, Economic Independence &
Reverence for Africa.
2. Convicted of mail fraud—sentenced & then
released
and deported from the U.S.

11. Harlem Renaissance
Literary & Artistic Movement.
Celebrated African American culture.
James Weldon Johnson famous writer &
poet.
He wrote ―Lift Every Voice and Sing‖,
―The Creation‖
and ―God’s Trombones.‖
Langston Hughes was a famous writer. He
described the difficult lives of working
class African Americans. His famous poem
is ―Dream Variations‖.
Claude McKay was a famous novelist and
poet. He portrayed the pain of life in
Black ghettos and the strain of being
black in a world dominated by whites.

12. Black Artists
Paul Robeson was famous Black Actor who
talked at
North Carolina A. & T. State University.
His famous role on Broadway was
―Othello.‖ He faced racism in playing the
role.
Louis Armstrong was a famous Jazz Singer.
Duke Ellington was a famous Jazz Pianist
and Composer. He is known for playing at
the Cotton Club. His famous songs are
―Mood Indigo‖ and ―Sophisticated Lady.‖
Bessie Smith was a famous Blues Singer.
Billie Holiday was a famous Blues Singer.
Josephine Baker was a famous Blues Singer.