Cal assignment 2

1. CALL AssignmentCALL Assignment
Prepared by: Ayesha Khan (Roll no: 10)
Nadia Zia (Roll no: 17)
Prepared by: Ayesha Khan (Roll no: 10)
Nadia Zia (Roll no: 17)
Topic: sentence and Its TypesTopic: sentence and Its Types

2. What is a Sentence…….?What is a Sentence…….?
A sentence is made up of different words combined into a pattern that expresses a complete
thought. A sentence also has terminal marks. e.g. You saw a camel in the desert.
A sentence is made up of different words combined into a pattern that expresses a complete
thought. A sentence also has terminal marks. e.g. You saw a camel in the desert.
sentencesentence
PPPPVPVPSubSub
NN DetDet NNVV PP DetDet NN
YouYou sawsaw aa camelcamel thetheinin desertdesert

3. Two Pillars of SentenceTwo Pillars of Sentence
Subject and Predicate:Subject and Predicate:
The person / thing we talk about is called the subject, and what we say about it is
called the predicate. e.g. She makes a lot of promises.
The person / thing we talk about is called the subject, and what we say about it is
called the predicate. e.g. She makes a lot of promises.
SubjectSubject
NPNP VPVP
PredicatePredicate
SheShe makes a lot of
promises
makes a lot of
promises

4. SS SS
NNDetDet
VPVPNPNP
TheThe wentwentboysboys
NPNP VPVP
DetDet NN
TheThe boysboys
VV PPPP
wentwent to the schoolto the school

5. DetDet
SS
DetDet
VV
NPNP VPVP
TheThe
PPPP
NN PP
studiesstudieschildchild
NPNP
NN
thetheinin schoolschool

6. Types of sentencesTypes of sentences
1- Simple Sentence:1- Simple Sentence:
Every sentence must contain a noun phrase and a verb phrase.
e.g. The boys went. sub + v b
Every sentence must contain a noun phrase and a verb phrase.
e.g. The boys went. sub + v b
SS
NPNP VPVP
The boysThe boys wentwent

7. 2- Compound Sentence:2- Compound Sentence:
Every compound sentence must contain at least two simple sentences joined
by a coordinating conjunction. e.g. You play tennis, but I dislike it.
Every compound sentence must contain at least two simple sentences joined
by a coordinating conjunction. e.g. You play tennis, but I dislike it.
Structure:Structure:
Independent clauseIndependent clause CoordinatorCoordinator Independent clauseIndependent clause
You play tennisYou play tennis butbut I dislike itI dislike it
coordinatorscoordinators
ForFor AndAnd NorNor ButBut OrOr YetYet SoSo

8. Tree Diagram of Compound SentencesTree Diagram of Compound Sentences
SS
S2S2S1S1 CCCC
VPVP NPNP VPVP
ititlikelike
VV NPNP
dislikedislikeII youyou,but,buttennistennis
VV objobj
NPNP

9. Complex SentencesComplex Sentences
Independent clauseIndependent clause
Every complex sentence must contain one simple sentence and at least one dependent
clause that include a subordinating conjunction and a simple sentence. e.g. He is buried in
a place where shady trees grow.
Every complex sentence must contain one simple sentence and at least one dependent
clause that include a subordinating conjunction and a simple sentence. e.g. He is buried in
a place where shady trees grow.
Structure:Structure:
Few subordinating conjunctions are:Few subordinating conjunctions are:
AfterAfter
SinceSince UntilUntil
BeforeBefore ThatThat BecauseBecause WhereWhere WhomWhom
AsAs WhenWhen HowHow ThoughThough
He is buried in a placeHe is buried in a place wherewhere Shady trees growShady trees grow
++ SubordinatorSubordinator ++ Dependent clauseDependent clause

10. is buriedis buried
wherewhere
growgrowshady treesshady trees
placeplace
SS
VPVP
PPPP
PP
S1S1 DCDCSCSC
VV
NPNP
NPNP
PREPRESUBSUB
aa
DetDet
inin
HeHe