1. Cells- The Basic Unit of Life
Presented By:
Mrs. Nelson

2. Cell Theory
 All living things are made of cells.
Unicellular: single cell
ex) bacteria, protists
Multicellular: many cells
ex) animals and plants
 Cells are the smallest working units of
living things.
 All cells come from pre-existing cells.

3. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
 Small
 No membrane
bound organelles
 No nucleus
 Non-specialized
 Independent
 Large
 Membrane
bound organelles
 Nucleus
 Specialized
 Dependent

4.  Explains the origin of eukaryotic cells.
 What is the main difference between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic?
 Simple  Complex
(prokaryotic  eukaryotic)
 Chloroplast/Mitochondria have own DNA
 Scientists suggest that this means these
organelles were once lived independently
outside of cells

5. Controls what enters and exits
cell
Semi-permeable
Also known as phospholipid
bilayer

7. phosphorus
lipid
hydrophylic
hydrophobic

8. Cell Membrane Structure
markerReceptor
Channel

9.  Allows cells to talk to one another
 Important for multicellular organisms
 Cells send “messages” to one another
 Messages = hormones
Ex.) Histamine

10. Gives your cells “identity” = id card
Distinguishes your cells from other
cells
Immune system

11. Allows molecules to pass through
the membrane

12. The Cell Factory
 The cell is like factory…
 Factories produce
something…
 Cells produce
proteins…
 Different cells produce
different proteins…
 People / machines
perform functions in a
factory.
 “Organelles” in cell work
together to make the
protein.

13. Cell Membrane
Door to the
factory.
Controls what
enters/exits the
cell.

14. Cytoplasm
Jellylike substance where the
organelles found…

15. The Nucleus
 “Control Center” –
in charge of all the
cells activities
 Contains the DNA or
chromosomes
 DNA is instructions
for cell to build
proteins
 Nucleolus- makes
ribosomes

16. Mitochondria
“Generator of the
cell”
Supplies cell with
energy
Change food energy
into energy cell can
use (ATP- gasoline)

17. Chloroplast
 “Power Station”
 Found only
autotrophic organisms
 Contain pigment
chlorophyll
 Trap sunlight convert
it into energy

18. Ribosomes
 “Assembly line workers”
 Proteins built

19. Endoplasmic
Reticulum
 “Highway” system
 Materials can
travel on it
throughout the cell
 Rough ER vs.
Smooth ER

20. Golgi
Apparatus
 “Packaging Center”
 Collects, modifies,
packages proteins
and other molecules
made in the cell

21. Lysosomes
“Recycling Center”
Engulfs damaged
cell parts

22. Centrioles
“Reproductive
Structures” –
organize cell
division.
Always in pairs and
found only in
animals cells.

23. Vacuoles
“Storage Areas”
Store materials
such as: water,
wastes, and
nutrients

24. Animal Cell

25. Plant Cells

26. Contrast
 Plant Cells
 Cell wall and
cell membrane
 chloroplast and
mitochondria
 LARGE Central
vacuole
 NO- centrioles
 “square” shape
 Animal Cells
 cell membrane ONLY
 mitochondria
 two more small
vacuoles
 centrioles
 “round” shape

27. Human Cheek Cell (Animal cell)

28. Elodea Cell (Plant Cell)