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In vitro fertilization embryo transfer
1. A seminar on
IN VITRO FERTILIZATION-EMBRYO
TRANSFER (IVF-ET)
Presented by
NIYAMAT M. PANJESHA
Modern College Of Arts , Science & Commerce.
Shivajinagar, Pune-05.
2. WHAT IS IVF?
In vitro fertilization broadly deals with “the
removal of egg’s from a women, fertilizing
them in the laboratory, and transferring the
fertilized eggs (zygotes) into the uterus a few
days later.
3. WHY IVF?
Infertility: Extremely Prevalent
Definition: inability to achieve pregnancy
17-26% of couples worldwide (90 million
women)
27-47% of infertile couples have impaired
male fertility; decline in semen quality
worldwide over last 50 years
4. WHY THE INCREASE IN INFERTILITY?
Delayed marriage and child-bearing
Sexually transmitted diseases
Hormonal contraception
Abortion
Obesity
Environmental Pollution
6. IVF: HISTORY
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a fertility
procedure which first succeeded as recently
as 1978 by Dr. Edwards ( an embryologist)
and Dr. Steptoe ( a gynecologist) in England.
Since then the technology has been further
refined and developed by physicians and
embryologists, with over 20,000 babies born
worldwide.
7. METHODOLOGY OF IVF
The ivf broadly involves the fowllowig
stages:-
1. Ovarian stimulation and monitoring
2. Egg (oocyte) retrieval
3. Fertilization
4. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
5. Embryo transfer
8. STAGE 1: OVARIAN STIMULATION AND
MONITORING
Ovarian stimulation is used to produce
multiple mature follicles, rather than the
single egg normally developed each month.
9. STAGE 2: EGG RETRIEVAL
Egg recovery is accomplished by a
transvaginal procedure, which can be
performed under light sedation or local
anesthesia.
11. STAGE 3: FERTILIZATION
Once mature eggs have been retrieved, the
sperm and eggs are placed together in the
laboratory and incubated in a meticulously
prepared culture medium at a temperature
identical to that of the woman’s body.
12. STAGE 4: INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM
INJECTION
During the process of ICSI, an embryologist
isolates a sperm cell, draws it up into a
microscopic needle and injects it inside an
egg using a high power microscope.
13.
14. STAGE 5: EMBRYO TRANSFER
Embryo transfer is
not a painful
procedure and can
be performed without
sedation.
Usually up to three
embryos are placed
together in a catheter
( a tubular
instrument) and
transferred, via the
15. SUCCESS RATE OF IVF
Varies from programme to programme.
It is dependent upon correct diagnosis of
patient, and age.
Pregnancy rate is in the range of 25-30% per
oocyte retrieval.
The take home is about 15-20% per
procedure.
17. LIMITATION OF IVF
Genetic defect in oocytes.
Genetic defect in fertilizing sperm.
Environmental mutagenesis.
Inadequate supply of nutrients and
hormones.
Exposure to toxic agents and free radicals.