Marketing Management 16th edition by Philip Kotler test bank.docx
Gstc board member and trainer ioannis pappas
1. PM4SD Summer School 2017
Project Management for Sustainable Development
Leadership and Governance for Sustainable Tourism, 4-8 October 2017, Sila National Park, Calabria, Italy
PM4SD, ETIS & Global Sustainable Tourism Council
Criteria based Certification Schemes
Dr Ioannis PAPPAS, Member of BoD
Global Sustainable Tourism Council
2. Sustainable Tourism
“Sustainable Tourism is about a journey…a
process of becoming more and more
sustainable” – GSTC
“Sustainable tourism should not be taken to refer
to a specific type of tourism. Instead, it is an
aspiration for the impacts of all forms of
tourism.”
- UNWTO Tourism for Development Discussion Paper on the occasion of the
International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development 2017
4. What is the GSTC?
Founding Organizations:
The leading global authority in setting
and managing standards for
sustainable travel & tourism
12
th
Asia Pacific Roundtable for Sustainable Consu
Call for Action – “Acting Together for our Fu
12-13 July 2016
14 July 2015 - Back to back ev
Apsara Angkor Hotel, Siem Reap, C
http://www.aprscp.net/12th-APRSCP
CONCEPT NOTE AND AGEND
1. 12
th
APRSCP: Call for Action – “Acting Together for our Future Sustai
The 12
th
Asia Pacific Roundtable for Sustainable Consumption and Produ
Angkor Hotel in Siem Reap, Cambodia on 12 and 13 July 2016 with back
is organized by the Asia Pacific Roundtable on Sustainable Consumption
Ministry of Environment, Kingdom of Cambodia, in partnership with the
(IISR). The 12
th
APRSCP is supported by the United Nations Environment
Regional Policy Support Component (RPSC) of the European Union (EU
Asia Network Facility, the Network on Resource Efficiency and Cleaner
Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) and the China National Cle
2. Theme
5. Each set has 41 criteria in 4 pillars:
Sustainability
Management
Social &
Economic
Cultural Environmental
To date, two sets of GSTC Criteria have been developed:
Criteria for Hotels and Tour Operators (2008, revised 2012, 2017)
Criteria for Destinations (Nov 2013)
GSTC Criteria
6. GSTC CRITERIA FOR DESTINATIONS
Section A. Destination Sustainability Management
Section B. Economic Benefits to the Host Community
Section C. Benefits to Communities, Visitors and Cultural Heritage
Section D. Benefits to the Environment
8. What Is a Destination?
• A tourism destination is defined as “a geographic area currently or potentially
attractive to tourists”.
• When discussing sustainable tourism standards for destinations, think of a
destination as a unified entity of communities, tourism-related activities, and
the cultural and ecological surroundings, and consider cumulative impacts of
all tourism activities.
11. Awards & Certification
Programme
Sustainable Destination
Development Programme
Destination
Sustainability
Management
System (DSMS)
Process of Awards & Certification
1. (Self-)
Assessment
RESULT:
<60%
2. Engage
Stakeholders
3. Prioritise
Aspects
4. Define:
- actions; budget
- planning; roles
5. Implement
action plan
RESULT:
>60%
Apply for Award /
Certification
Independent Audit
Recognition
Marketing & Communication
12. Differences Award / Certification
• Rating data kan worden gedeeld met
consument-georiënteerde stakeholders
– OTAs – bijv. BookDifferent
– TOs – bijv. TUI
– Travel blogs / magazines
Awards Certification
Audit process Sampling of supporting
documentation
Full documentation and
stakeholder review
Audit type Every 2 years: desk audit
Every 4 years: on-site audit
Every 2 years: on-site audit
Compliance
requirements
1 theme score >8: Bronze
2 themes score >8: Silver
3/4 themes score >8: Gold
5 themes: Platinum
• 100% Compliance with
GD standard
• GSTC Accredited
verification process
Recognition
Promotion - Green Destinations Map
- Partners consumer platform
- Automatic nomination for Top100
Plus: promoted through
GSTC promotion
programme
13. Our tools
Measure-
ment
3rd party auditing &
verification by a
certification council
CSR-index / core
indicators
Setting goals &
implementing
measures
Covering all sustainability
pillars; integrating other
standards
Checking all
suppliers and core
stakeholders
20. • Online and face-to-face training
classes throughout the year.
• Expert trainers and training
partners in over 20 countries.
• GSTC Certificate in Sustainable
Tourism.
Upcoming online courses:
• 2017Q4: Oct 30 – Nov 24 (EARLY-BIRD)
http://www.gstcouncil.org/en/sustainable-tourism-training/upcoming.html
The GSTC Sustainable Tourism Training Program (STTP)
offers practical insights and effective steps to help you
improve your sustainability practices.
21. GSTC Certificate in Sustainable Tourism
All training participants
who complete a 3-day
STTP training class or a 4-
week online course will
have the opportunity to
take the official STTP
Exam, and earn, upon
successful completion, the
GSTC Certificate in
Sustainable Tourism.
23. 259 Participants from 40 Countries
6 OCEANIA
from
65EAST ASIA
from
68SOUTH &
SOUTHEAST ASIA
from
34NORTH
AMERICA
from
12 CENTRAL &
SOUTH
AMERICA
from
66EUROPE
from
4 AFRICA
from
4 MIDDLE EAST
from
GSTC Sustainable Tourism Training Program | Jan-June 2017
31. Norway Sustainable
Destination Certification
https://www.visitnorway.com/about/sustainability/
Innovation Norway works with local and regional
DMOs to implement a destination certification
program that helps strengthen local competence
and encourage public-private partnerships.
44 criteria and 108 indicators
A: Political commitment
B: Industry commitment
C: Environment, nature and culture
D: Social values and viability
E: Economic viability
32. Huatulco, Mexico: Energy Saving Initiatives
Bahias de Huatulco
The destination uses green energy
generated through a wind farm containing
105 wind turbines, supporting both the hotel
zone and urban areas. Their Equipo Verde
(Green Team) got hotels and motels in the
bays to agree to replace old or faulty
equipment to save energy and improve
efficiency, as well as implementing an
outreach program to promote energy saving
initiatives within hotels, targeting guests.
These initiatives have enabled Huatulco to
reduce their energy consumption to 55.8
GJ/ Person Year for 2014.
Relevant Criteria & Indicators: GSTC-D D5 (energy conservation), IN-D5.a & b.
Case Study Created By: EarthCheck
33. Otun Quimbaya Fauna and Flora Sanctuary, Pereira, Colombia
The Otun Quimbaya Fauna and Flora
Sanctuary is a national park that has a
ecotouristic program and support a local
organization, the Communitarian
Association Yarumo Blanco. The visitors
always have an introductory meeting
before they enter to the park or use the
facilities to learn about the conservation
in natural parks and the basic rules for
their stay. These can be also found in
written form.
Relevant Criteria: GSTC-D C3 – Visitor behaviour
Case Study Created By: Natalia Naranjo Ramos
34. Promoting Economic Opportunities though Local Fair Trade
Thailand’s Designated Areas for Sustainable Tourism
Administration (DASTA) has developed community-based
tourism in BaanSanLomJoy, Chiangmai, to promote the
hilltribe craft and to provide hilltribe people with direct
economic benefit supporting their livelihoods.
Relevant Criteria: GSTC-D, B9
(Supporting Local Entrepreneurs and Fair Trade)
35. Developing Accessible Destinations
VisitEngland offers practical accessible tourism
guides for destination managers to help create
destinations that meet various accessibility needs of
their visitors.
Relevant Criteria: GSTC-D, A8 (Access for All)
Destinations for All: A guide to creating
accessible destinations
Winning More Visitors: A guide to providing
access information on destination websites.
36. Kaikoura, New Zealand
Kaikoura’s Trees For Travellers
project for visitors results in the
planting of native species in and
around Kaikoura, in a bid to reforest
the area and offset emissions.
Travellers are emailed the GPS co-
ordinates for “their tree” so they can
return again to visit it and maintain
a connection with the destination.
Relevant Criteria & Indicators: GSTC-D A5 (climate change adaptation), IN-A5.c.
Case Study Created By: EarthCheck
Kaikoura, New Zealand: Trees for Travellers
Notas del editor
This is a summary of important ways that the Criteria are put into action.
The Criteria are available to the world free of charge, available from our website in many languages. They are used in many ways: as training tools for sustainability, and for a variety of management needs including monitoring, evaluation, reporting.
They are used formally by as a model for developing national or local standards. Established local or national standards can then gain a mark from independent and neutral GSTC agents to indicate to the public that the standard adhers to the GSTC Criteria. There are three levels:
1 – GSTC Recognized, which means that all 41 GSTC Criteria are included in the standards. The Japan Ecolodge Association, managed by our mutual friend Mr. Masaru, has gained GSTC Recognized status for the standards they use in certifying ecolodges as sustainable within their network. Many GSTC Recognized standards are those used for hotel certification, but that situation is changing as national sustainability and ecotourism standards are applying for GSTC Recognition based on the relatively new GSTC Destination Criteria.
2 – GSTC Approved, which means that GSTC approves of the procedures and management approach to organizations that use their GSTC Recognized standards in applying them to certification schemes, awards, or other formal applications of their standards
3 – GSTC Accreditation, for those standards which wish to adhere to internationally-recognized accreditation
The GSTC Criteria for Hotels & Tour Operators were created in 2008 by our predecessor organization, which two years later merged with another NGO that share the same goals. The merger was completed in 2010 with financial support from the UN Foundation with the full consent of the United Nations system. From our start we have been supported by UNEP and the UNWTO.
We refer to ourselves as the “GSTC” or “the Council” and use the tagline of “Travel Forever”.
Start with a process of self-assessment
Same process but: more tough on document / proof requirement and audit procedure
We offer training to anyone engaged in tourism: public sector, private sector, academia, NGO’s, consultants, anyone
Public classes that are participant-paid or pre-formed classes – 2-3 days classroom
Offered in English, Spanish, Chinese, Japanese, and Thai – more languages coming
Building competence: part of the program is training and capacity building, helping enterprises within the destinations to improve sustainability performance (e.g. how to be better hosts).
Development process at the local DMO levels must always start with interest expressed from local stakeholders. First stakeholder engagement, then industry and government support, followed by an action plan with concrete steps.
This process helps integrate sustainable tourism approaches into local and regional planning processes, and offers a common theme for cooperation.
It’s also a great way for local and regional destinations to identify their unique assets.