Md : Obydulla Al Mamun Id:131-29-500 9th(B) Department Of Pharmacy Daffodil International University almamundcc94@gmail.com

1. Amphetamine
Md : Obydulla Al Mamun
Id:131-29-500
9th(B)
Department Of Pharmacy
Daffodil International University
almamundcc94@gmail.com

2. Amphetamine
A distinct class of
drugs that stimulate
the central nervous
system producing an
increase in alertness,
wakefulness and
awareness.

3. History of
Amphetamines
 1887 by German Pharmacologist L. Edeleano.
 In 1927, Gordon Alles:
 Reduced fatigue
 Increased alertness
 Caused a sense of confident euphoria
 In 1932, Benzedrine inhalers (nasal congestion).
 Benzedrine widely abused (1971) for their stimulant action.
 Widely used in World War II to counter act fatigue.

4. Sources
Ephedra is the primary component used
to synthesize amphetamine.

5. Types of Amphetamines
 CNS stimulant

6. How Amphetamines Work

7. Therapeutic Uses
of Amphetamines
 Narcolepsy
 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Weight reduction

8. HyperkinesisHyperkinesisNarcolepsyNarcolepsy

9. Treatment

10. Weight Reduction
During 1960’s, 99% of
amphetamine Rx written for
weight loss.
 Effective for two weeks.
Lose weight, gain energy, good
mood.

11. Psychological Effects
Euphoria
Excitement
Mood elevation
 sed speech activity
Feeling of power
Psychological Effects
Euphoria
Excitement
Mood elevation
 sed speech activity
Feeling of power
Pharmacological effectPharmacological effect
Physiological Effects
Increased BP
Decreased HR
Increased alertness
Psychomotor
stimulant
Loss of appetite

12. High Dose Users
 leading to extended mental and physical hyperactivity.
 Continued abuse (high doses) often leads to:
 Considerable weight loss
 Skin lesions
 Oral damage
 Liver disease
 Hypertensive disorders
 Stroke
 Kidney damage
 Seizures

14. Summary of the Effects of Amphetamines
Body
 Increased heartbeat
 Increased blood
pressure
 Decreased appetite
 Increased breathing
rate
 Inability to sleep
 Sweating
 Convulsions, fever
 Chest pain
 Irregular heartbeat
Due to overdose
Mind
Decreased fatigue
Increased confidence
Increased feeling of
alertness
Restlessness
Increased irritability
Fearfulness
Distrust of people
Behavioral stereotypy
Hallucination
low
dose
high
dose

15. • Acute overdose is treated by –
 Acidification of urine by administering ammonium
chloride. This increases rate of elimination of
amphetamine.
 Anti-hypertensive drugs like labetelol.
 Treatment typically requires more than one year of
Intense intervention consisting of drug abstinence,
cognitive, emotional and motivational rehabilitation.
Treatment Of Acute Poisoning