Más contenido relacionado La actualidad más candente (20) Similar a Brainsense -Introduction to brain computer interface (20) Más de Pantech ProLabs India Pvt Ltd (20) Brainsense -Introduction to brain computer interface2. Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt
Brain Computer Interface
• Communication using Thoughts of Brain (EEG)
without using any Muscle control, Especially for
Severely Paralyzed people
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What is Biosignal?
• A bio signal is any signal in human beings that
can be continually measured and monitored.
– ECG(Electrocardiogram)
– EEG(Electroencephalogram)
– EMG(Electromyogram)
– EOG(Electrooculogram)
– Galvanic skin response
– MEG(Magneto encephalography)
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Introduction to EEG
• Electroencephalography (EEG) is
the recording of electrical activity
along the scalp. EEG measures
voltage fluctuations resulting from
ionic current flows within the neurons
of the brain
• German physiologist and psychiatrist
Hans Berger (1873–1941) recorded
the first human EEG in 1924
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What is Neurofeedback?
• Neurofeedback is direct training of brain function,
by which the brain learns to function more
efficiently .
• Neurofeedback is used to teach children with
ADHD how to calm and concentrate.
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BCI defined
• A BCI generally consists of three main
components:
1. A Signal-acquisition module (Electrode,Filtering and
Amplifier)
2. A Signal-processing module(ASIC ,DSP)
3. A Control module ( Microcontroller &Driver)
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BCI Types-Electrodes
BCI Types:
– Invasive
– Involves attaching electrodes directly to the
brain tissue
– The patient’s brain gradually adapts its
signals to be sent through the electrodes
– Non-invasive
Involves putting electrodes on the scalp of the
patient, and taking readings
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Invasive EEG-Braingate
• Click here to play video
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Three BCI Subtypes
• Active BCI: “An active BCI is a BCI which derives its outputs from brain activity
which is directly consciously controlled by the user, independently from external
events, for controlling an application.”
• Reactive BCI: “A reactive BCI is a BCI which derives its outputs from brain activity
arising in reaction to external stimulation, which is indirectly modulated by the
user for controlling an application.”
• Passive BCI: “A passive BCI is a BCI which derives its outputs from arbitrary brain
activity without the purpose of voluntary control, for enriching a human-computer
interaction with implicit information.”
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Why is BCI Hard?
• Processing depends on unknown parameters, most of the dynamics are still
uncovered.
• Signal-to-noise ratio is very challenging, so sensitive measures are hard to
obtain
• Relevant brain activity is small compared to interfering artifacts and compared
to brain background activity
• Specific measures are even harder to obtain (with coarse-grained sensing)
• Large collections of neurons are involved in many different activities, not just
one
• Underlying phenomena are also highly diverse and rich and derived measures
are still poorly understood – not always clear what to look for
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Consequences
• Sophisticated signal processing is required
• BCI systems must be calibrated before they
can be used
• Calibration should entail as much information as
available, e.g., example data, prior knowledge,
large databases
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Underlying Neural Process
• Largest contributors to the EEG are the pyramidal cells
Radially oriented in the cortex (orthogonal to the
surface)
• Electromagnetic fields of co-aligned and co-activated
neurons add up
• EEG, MEG and ECoG can only detect large-scale neural
dynamics , For example, 50.000 neurons firing in near-
synchrony
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When would 50,000 neurons fire
near-synchronously?
• –An external event triggers a cascade of related
neural processes (e.g., in perception)
• –An internal event triggers a cascade of related
neural processes (e.g., sudden “aha!”)
• –Neural populations enter a synchronized steady-
state firing pattern (e.g., idle oscillations)
• Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) and Oscillatory
Processes are the two major BCI-detectable EEG
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Signal Detect ability
• Root cause might not be
directly observable (e.g.,
dopaminergic system, deep
brain structures, few neurons)
• Electromagnetic fields can
cancel each other out
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Available Software Tools
• Opensig
• BCI2000
• EEGLAB
• Open VIBE
• BCILAB
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Available Headbands
• Neurosky
• Emotiv
• Openbci
• Muse
• Melon
• Biopack
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Neuro sky-Mindwave Mobile vs
Mindwave
EEG ELECTRODE
EAR CLIP
BATTERY
TGAM MODULE
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EMOTIV
EPOC
14 EEG channels + 2 references
1channel locations: AF3, F7, F3, FC5,
T7, P7, O1, O2, P8, T8, FC6,
F4, F8, AF4.
Insight
5 EEG channels + 2 references
Signals
5 channels: AF3, AF4, T7, T8, Pz
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Melon
• Melon measures this global electrical activity by
placing three electrodes on the forehead region,
with the primary electrode on FP1.
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Biopac Medical Grade EEG
• Standard 10-20 EEG
Placement.
• Available in small ,Medium
and Large size.
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Communication and Control for the
Severely disabled
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Neurospeller
https://www.pantechsolutions.net/blog/brain-keyboard-using-
neurosky-mindwave-mobile-and-java/
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NeuroMarketing
• Impact of Advt
,movies is measured
by a sample of
audiences Before the
release of an Advt or
Movie
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Recent Research on Brain to Brain
Communication
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What is Brainsense ?
• Brainsense- Brain computer interface device
for Student, Researchers and Wellness
Community.
• A, single-channel, wireless headset that monitors
your brain activity and translates EEG into
meaningful data you can understand
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What you can do with Brainsense
• Cognitive games – Brain fitness, Game with a benefit
• Measure your Meditation Level daily and provide reports to
analyze .
• You can measure your Focus, real time brain monitoring and
visual feedback
• To research on EEG signals for Brain Computer Interface
• Read RAW Brain waves for Developer community
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FEATURES
• Single Sensor on FP1
• Can detect multiple mental states simultaneously
• Reference electrode on Ear clip to remove ambient
noises
• IP involves noise cancellation and signal
amplification
• Provides EMG feature for Eye Blink detection
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SPECIFICATIONS
• Bluetooth ™ Wireless communication
• Passive Dry Sensor EEG
• Triple AAA battery
• 7 Hours Run Time
eSense Brainwave Patterns:
• Attention
• Meditation
• Eye Blink
• Frequency Bands: 0.5 to 50Hz
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How Brainsense Works
THINKGEAR
ASIC+BLUETOOTH
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THINKGEAR
•TGAM MODULE offers e-Sense technology
•Outputs Attention, Meditation and Physical eye blinks from raw
EEG data
•2.79cm x 1.52cm x 0.25cm, weighs 130mg
•Communicates through UART interface
at baudrate 1200, 9600 or 57600
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eSense
• Attention –(0-100)
• Meditatation-(0-100)
• Eyeblink Strength(0-255)
• PoorQuality-200
• Only when NoiseQuality-0 Algorithm Starts
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Supported Platform & Developer tools
suite
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Popular Apps compatible with
Brainsense across the globe
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For more details
– www.pantechsolutions.net
– http://www.slideshare.net/pantechsolutions
– http://www.scribd.com/pantechsolutions
– http://www.youtube.com/pantechsolutions
Notas del editor 1)Signal-acquisition module -Records data from the brain,Does some low level filtering,Passes the data on to be interpreted
2) Signal-processing module-Receives data from the acquisition module,Detects whether a particular feature or a potential is present in the data
Visual cortex- for vision
Temporal lobe for Audition
Prefrontal lobe for behaviour,mannerism in public
Frontal Lobe is for Motor cortex
Paerital Lobe is for Sensory Cortex
Motor for actuators
Senory cortex for sensing
Volume conduction, a term used in bioelectromagnetism, can be defined as the transmission of electric or magnetic fields from an electric primary current source through biological tissue towards measurement sensors.
An event-related potential (ERP) is the measured brain response that is the direct result of a specific sensory, cognitive, or motor event.
Active electrode has an inbuilt circuitry,
Brain Fitness- a system of exercising the brain to improve aspects of cognition like, attention, focus, memory and brain speed.