1. Distinguished Prof. Dr. Ir. Zuhal, Rector of University of Al Azhar Indonesia
Distinguished Datuk Dr. Tengku Azman Sharifadeen, Consultant Islamic
Development Bank,
Distinguished Mr. Jusman Syafii Djamal, Chairman of Matsushita Gobel
Foundation
Distinguished Mr. Budi Karya Sumadi, President Director of PT. Pembangunan
Jaya Ancol
Distinguished participants, Ladies and Gentlemen,
wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh,
Good Morning,
First of all, we gratefully thank to Almighty Allah, for His Kindness and Blessings, so
Green Technology
Innovations for a Sustainable Society
Indonesia and Islamic Development Bank, and supported by PT. Pembangunan Jaya
Ancol and Republika Daily.
I personally welcome the attendance of Mr. Datuk Tengku Azman Sharifadeen from
Islamic Development Bank as a speaker, Mr. Jusman Syafii Djamal from Matsushita
Gobel Foundation, Mr. Budi Karya Sumadi from PT. Pembangunan Jaya Ancol.
Moreover, I do appreciate all speakers from universities, such as University of
Indonesia, ITB, Gajah Mada University, and others.
In this opportunity, I would like to share with all of you my deepest concerned on the
importance of issues on global warming particularly on policy making and application
of green technology in all of human daily behaviour and human activities including
industry. 1

2. Distinguished Guests, Colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen,
Climate change and global warming are happening and cannot be avoided. In
the last two and a half decades, such occurrences are shown by the rise of the
air and sea temperatures, the reduced volumes of gletzer mountains, as well
as the increase of the sea-level-surface in all part of the world.
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3. Human activities are considered as the main cause of the climate change
impacts in the world. The rise of global temperature that has been measured
since the beginning of the year of 2000, was presumably caused by the
increased number of the green house (GH) effect concentration.
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4. This GH effect affects the increase number of carbon dioxide (C02), which is
resulted from the fossil fuel burning. In 2008, the CO2 number counted before
and after the era of industrialization, was 280 ppm and 386 ppm respectively.
These human activities are predicted to be continuously conducted until the
next few decades. Even though the GH emission may be stopped or
decreased for a while, the global temperature will still be increased, and it is
predicted more than 0.6 C in this decade.
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5. Distinguished Guests, Colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen,
The government of Indonesia has endorsed a voluntary action to reduce the
starting from 2010 using its own national resources. The efforts will increase to
41% with additional support of foreign aid. The number is based on the
business as usual (BAU) emission level. It indicates that Indonesia wishes to
be a part of the solution to the global climate change. This Government policy
was announced by President of Republic of Indonesia on the G-20 meeting in
Pitsburg, USA, in September 2009. The top three sectors that contribute to the
The Government of Indonesia has contributed significant efforts to realizing
the solution to the global climate change. On February 5, 2007 the Indonesian
Government issued a law No. 17 of 2007 on National long-Term Development
Plan (RPJPN) Year 2005-2025. As stated in the RPJPN 2005-2025, the
sustainability of the development will face challenges due to climate change.
To anticipate these challenges, several goals were set with regards to
adaptation and mitigation of climate change. They are meant to be achieved in
the next 20 years by setting comprehensive targets for all related sectors
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6. Distinguished Guests, Colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen,
As technology becomes amplifier for environmental damage, technology is
also expected to be able to control and restrain the rate of environmental
damage through the application of environmental-friendly technology. As a
country with high vulnerability to climate change, Indonesia needs to master
and implement mitigation and adaptation technologies including the social and
cultural aspects.
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7. The Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT) as the
government agency has developed Technology Need Assessment (TNA)
document. The document contains some prioritized mitigation and adaptation
technologies in energy, industry, transportation, agriculture, forestry, waste and
marine sectors whereas for the prioritization of adaptation technologies it
focuses on the sector of food security, coastal vulnerability and water
resources. Furthermore, based on the selected technologies, a Technology
Action Plans (TAPs) was then established.
In developing TNA, various institutions had participated from the beginning of
the process to ensure the in-depth discussion for defining selected and
prioritized technologies were take place. The involvement of various
institutions were also very important in order to share the ownership of the
document. At the final stage, TNA will be easily utilized by each sector to utilize
this TNA for technology transfer program. Based on the results of the first
meeting with UNEP- RISØ and various TNA's stakeholders from related
Ministries, Non-Ministrial Government Institutions, Non Governmental
Organizations (NGOs) and Private Companies, it was concluded that Global
TNA covers 3 (three) sectors for TNA on mitigation, i.e. forestry (including
peat), energy and waste. The establishment of three sectors of TNA on
mitigation of climate change is based on the fact that those sectors are the first
three biggest contributors to GHGs emissions in the country (about 87 percent
of CO2e).
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8. Distinguished Guests, Colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen,
Science and technology development aims to accelerate the improvement of
research capabilities, to booster the science and technology development and
application, to encourage innovation and to increase national's independency
and competitiveness in order to gain national welfare sustainability. And we are
all aware that in order to build national competitiveness, a strategy is required
which identify efforts to be taken to convert added value of the comparative
natural resources into competitive advantages.
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9. World Economic Forum (WEF) pointed out that economy development of
Indonesia still rely on the natural resources. On the other hand, for countries
belongs to OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development)
which are very advanced in economy, their economy development rely on the
innovation. This indicates that science and technology have not become the
primary driver for economy development in Indonesia.
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10. The lack of science and technology contribution to national economy may be
caused by some factors, such as the limitation of industrial R&D investment on
science. The productivity of R&D is also low due to inefficient institutions,
resources, and networking of science and technology. As a result, the
dependency of technology on foreign producers is higher which in turn, lower
of utilization of domestic technology R&D. Hence, in order to increase science
and technology contribution in national economic development, and to
implement of Science and Technology Law No.18/2002, in the Midterm
Development Plan 2010-2014 on science and technology, RISTEK developed
two main programs; (1) strengthening national innovation system and (2)
increasing the R&D activities together with its application.
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11. In order to proceed with National Innovation System, RISTEK develop five
programs, i.e. Strengthening Research Institution, Building Research Capacity
and Resources, Developing S & T Networking, Strengthening S&T Relevance
and Productivity and lastly, Empowering the use of Science and Technology.
Within the programs, RISTEK encourages the research to be focused on 7
(seven) areas, include: 1) food security, 2) new and renewable energy
sources, 3) transportation systems and management, 4) information and
communication technology, 5) defense technologies, 6) medical technology
and drug, and 7) the development of advanced technology.
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12. Distinguished Guests, Colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen,
In terms of green technology or clean technology development which is
directly related to the theme of this conference, the attention is always put on
environmentally friendly technology which will minimized disturbance on our
environment and conserves natural resources. Ristek has supported several
fields of research through the incentive program involving researchers from
many institutions and universities. It is expected that this field will bring
innovation and changes in daily life of similar scale to the "information
technology" explosion over the last two decades. In these early stages, it is
impossible to predict what "green technology" may eventually encompass.
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13. As a rapidly growing field, the green technology addresses some key issues,
i.e.:
Sustainability - meet the needs of society in ways that can continue infinitely
into the future without damaging or depleting natural resources. In order to do
so, manufactured products should be fully reclaimed or re-used.
Source reduction - reducing waste and pollution by changing patterns of
production and consumption.
Innovation - developing alternatives to technologies - whether fossil fuel or
chemical intensive agriculture - that have been proved to damage health and
the environment.
Viability - creating a center of economic activity around technologies and
products that benefit the environment, speeding their implementation and
creating new careers that truly protect the planet.
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14. Green technology covers a very wide-range areas such as, to name a few,
energy, green building, eco-government, green chemistry and green nano-
technology. Energy is perhaps the most urgent issue for green technology.
This includes the development of alternative fuels, new means of generating
energy and energy efficiency.
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15. If we examine data on energy consumption in Indonesia, the increase of
energy usage annualy is at 7%. The general picture of energy consumption is
44% for industry, 41% for transportation, 11% for domestic household and 3%
for commercial. Meanwhile, if we compare the emissions for generating
electricity, coal is the uncleanest source, followed by oil and natural gas. Solar,
bio-energy, hydropower, wind and nuclear power are sources which
significantly cleaner compare to coal, oil and gas. Therefore, if the sources of
electricity can be shifted to clean energy, even for a particular segment, say,
transportation, then a lot of emission can be reduced and Indonesia will be
succeed in adapting with global climate change issues.
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16. The Law 30 Year 2007 on Energy promote the use of various sources of new
energy (such as liquified coal, coal bed methane, gasified coal, nuclear and
hydrogen) and renewable energy (such as geothermal, hydropower, bio-
energy, solar, wind and sea temperature difference).
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17. Within this context, the Government of Indonesia encourage the development
of electric car by mobilizing significant amount of budget. The target is by
2016, electric cars should be a mass-production in Indonesia. According
comparison given by experts, electric cars are six times more efficient that the
ordinary gasoline car. Therefore, promoting the use of electric car is the right
approach in massively reducing the CO2 emission.
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18. On the green building issue, which encompasses everything from the choice of
building materials, design and layout, to where a building is located, a large
amount of CO2 emission reduction can also be gained. As a brief description,
a large city like Jakarta has 1200 buildings of middle and large size, i.e. larger
than 2,000 sqm (square meters). All of these buildings consume 55% energy
of electricity which calculated to save 138 million tons of CO2 in 2030 or one
third reduction from business as usual (BAU) scheme. Major energy saving in
a building are attributed to cooling systems, building envelope and lighting.
Sets of criteria for green building has been stipulated in State Minister of
Governor of Jakarta is very well underway. The principles of green building
have been applied to several building such as PT. Dahana Management
Center at Subang, BCA Tower and Sampurna Strategic Square and FISIP
Building, Islamic State University Syarif Hidayatullah in Jakarta and Ministry of
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19. As mentioned in the TNA documents, the other important use of technology is
related to waste treatment. Tofu waste is a good example. Many organization
in Indonesia are working to convert the waste resulted from 84,000 tofu home
industries. In total, they produce about 2.5 million tons tofu per year. From our
pilot project at Kalisari, Banyumas, where 65 tons of soya beans are
processed, at least 2% of the liquid waste can be turned out to energy in the
form of bio-gas. It means, in Indonesia has potentials to obtain 50 thousand
tons of bio-gas per annum from tofu industry alone.
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20. Another example of waste treatment is the conversion of solid waste to energy
in Bantar Gebang, the biggest trash dump in Indonesia. In the area of 10.8
hectares, 10.5 MW electricity are generated together with 60 tons of compost
every day. In the future the capacity will be increased to 26 MW of electricity
and 300 tons compost per day.
The government budget for procurement has to based on environmentally
preferred purchasing. Government should endorses the use of green products
by involving the search for products whose contents and methods of
production have the smallest possible impact on the environment, and
mandates that these be the preferred products for government purchasing. In
government expenditure. The figures show how significant the influence of
green procurement.
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21. Other than stated above, the invention, design and application of chemical
products and processes to reduce or to eliminate the use and generation of
hazardous substances. Furthermore, in the future, as the use of nano-
technology becomes more pronounced, this fields will play more important role
in reducing the emission. Nanotechnology involves the manipulation of
materials at the scale of the nanometer, one billionth of a meter. Some
scientists believe that mastery of this subject is forthcoming that will transform
the way that everything in the world is manufactured. "Green nanotechnology"
is the application of green chemistry and green engineering principles to this
field.
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22. Distinguished Guests, Colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen,
I also would like to inform you that in 2011, Ministry of Research and
Technology is in the possession of digitalized 1860 scientific papers. The
Ministry of Research and Technology in cooperation with Center of Indonesia
Scientific Documentation in Indonesian Institute of Science (LlPI) made also
software for national e-journal that has been issued from R&D institution called
Open Journal Systems (OJS) or Pustaka Jurnal llmiah Indonesia. The
software is adopted and modified from the OJS software, and has been
translated into Bahasa. This programs are also as a simple concrete activity
which is environmental friendly. Furthermore, green technology program which
had developed by RISTEK and research institution are making some pilot
programs such as for waste cycle, biomass energy production, developing
membran nano technology for drinking water pump, and microhydro
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23. In order to extend the programs, we need the support of international
communities. Indonesian government is very welcome to the cooperation and
collaborations between all parties including government agency, university,
industry and NGO. We encourage the international cooperation on
implementing green technology, technology transfer, information exchange, etc
for supporting science and technology development, especially related with
green technology. The cooperation should be based on the mutual
beneficiaries for all parties
Distinguished Guests, Colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen,
I greatly expect to all attendance today to work together with RISTEK
continuing "Green Technology Innovations" program and I believe, this
International Seminar could open our knowledge to decide our next step to
sustain the development and welfare but at the same time, converse the
environment.
Ending my remarks, I would like again to express my gratitude to the Rector of
University Al Azhar Indonesia, for having this superb initiative. I believe this
seminar would be a perfect time to exchange ideas, information, knowledge,
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24. I wish all of you would have a fruitful meeting and innovative results, to save
the world for our future generation. For foreigner colleagues, I also wish that
you have a pleasant stay in Indonesia. Finally, through this opportunity, I
officially declare the commencement of the International Seminar on
Science and Technology Innovations 2012.
Thank you very much for your attention,
wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh.
State Minister of Research and Technology
Republic of Indonesia
Prof. Dr. Ir. Gusti Muhammad Hatta, MS
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