This document provides a summary of 3 sections from a draft course on applied exercise physiology: 1. Section 1 introduces concepts of fitness, health, nutrition, lung function, blood transport, heart function, and analysis of movements. It includes learning objectives, print and electronic resources for each topic. 2. Section 2 covers skill acquisition, information processing, and learning/performance. It outlines characteristics of skills, theories of learning, stages of learning, and factors that influence skill development. 3. Section 3 discusses concepts of play, physical education, leisure, sport and opportunities for participation. It also addresses provision of leisure activities, the national curriculum for physical education/school sport, and policies to promote equal opportunities in

1. Please note this is a draft version until the course is fully published.
Unit 1, Section 1: Applied exercise physiology - introduction
Topic Learning Objectives Print Resources Page Electronic Resources
(Subheadings) Number
Improving explain the different concepts Concepts of fitness and health 2-14 Concept Presentation - The
fitness and of health and fitness - Health impact of aerobic capacity on
health explain how the health and - Fitness heart disease
fitness of an individual are - How health and fitness are Case Study - The lifestyle
related related choices of George Best:
explain why it is difficult to The different components of football icon
separate concepts of health fitness Interactive activity –
and fitness in theory and in - Components of health-related Components of health- and
practice fitness skill-related fitness
- Components of skill-related
break down health-related fitness Interactive activity –
and skill-related fitness into Identification of fitness
individual components How lifestyle choices can affect components through analysis
health and fitness of a hockey game situation
analyse the effect of an - Diet
individual’s choice of lifestyle - Exercise Interactive activity – Analysis
on their health and fitness. - Alcohol of data on obesity in men and
- Smoking women
- Lifestyle choices, fitness and Teacher notes
health Revision quiz
Nutrition understand percentage body Energy 16-27 Concept Presentation -
fat/body composition and - Basal metabolic rate Understanding the definitions
Body Mass Index (BMI) as - Percentage body fat of obesity and the limitations
ways of measuring whether a - Obesity in trying to define it.
person’s diet is nutritionally The seven classes of food Case Study - Comparison of
suitable for them - Carbohydrates different diets in sport
understand definitions of - Fat Interactive activity - Are you
obesity and the limitations in - Protein the right weight for your
trying to define it - Fibre height?
understand the seven - Minerals
- Vitamins Interactive activity – The
classes of food and how they seven classes of food
are used during exercise - Folic acid
- Water Simulation - Nutritional
understand the need for a Content of foods
balanced diet and the idea of Balanced diet
the energy balance of food - Different diets for different Teacher notes
athletes Revision quiz
understand the different
types of diet required by
endurance athletes and
power athletes.
Lung function understand the vital part that The mechanics of breathing 29-39 Concept Presentation -
the lungs and associated - Lungs Diffusion of gases in the body
processes of respiration play Lung volumes and capacities Case Study – The lung
in enabling us to stay alive capacity of elite rowers
and to engage in physical Gas exchange
activity - Diffusion in the lungs Interactive activity -
- The control of breathing and Inspiration and Expiration
understand the mechanics of the role of carbon dioxide
breathing – how our lungs Interactive activity - The
are able to take air in and out control of breathing
during rest and exercise Teacher notes
describe the different lung Revision quiz
volumes and their capacities
interpret spirometer readings,
in the form of graphs, of lung
volumes at rest and during
exercise
understand the process of
oxygen and carbon dioxide

2. 2
gas exchange that takes
place in the lung alveoli and
in the muscles
understand the process of
diffusion of oxygen and that
carbon dioxide occurs within
the lungs and at the muscle
site
understand what is meant by
the concept of partial
pressure and how it relates
to differences of oxygen and
carbon dioxide content in the
alveolar air and pulmonary
blood.
Blood understand the circulation of Introduction 41-49 Concept Presentation -
transport the blood at rest and during Circulation Redistribution of blood during
system exercise - Arteries and veins exercise
understand the transport of Redistribution of blood during Case Study – Transport of
oxygen and carbon dioxide exercise blood gases
by the blood, including the Interactive activity - Venous
roles of haemoglobin and Blood pressure and velocity
return
myoglobin in oxygen Venous return
transport Interactive activity - Transport
Transport of respiratory gases of respiratory gases
understand the venous return - Oxygen transport
mechanism understand the - Carbon dioxide transport Teacher notes
a-vO2 difference. Gaseous exchange at tissues Revision quiz
Heart function understand the structure of How the heart contracts 51-57 Concept Presentation -
the heart and the cardiac An analogy for understanding Conduction system of the
cycle the regulation of heart rate heart
understand the terms cardiac Regulation of heart rate Case Study - Effects of
output, stroke volume and training on heart rate and
heart rate and the Effects of training function
relationship between them Interactive activity - How the
understand the role of blood heart contracts
carbon dioxide in changing Interactive activity -
heart rate, heart rate range in Regulating heart rate
response to exercise and the
hormonal and nervous Teacher notes
effects on heart rate Revision quiz
understand the effect of
exercise (Starling’s law of the
heart and cardiovascular
drift) and training on the
heart (cardiac hypertrophy
leading to
bradycardia/athlete’s heart).
Analysis of understand the names of How we move 59-74 Concept Presentation –
movements articulating bones, joint - Planes of motion Analysis of specific
types, joint actions, planes Analysis of specific movements movements
and axes, main agonists and - Running Case Study – Striking a ball
antagonists - Jumping Interactive activity -
describe types of muscle - Kicking Identification of bones
contraction of the shoulder - Over-arm throwing
and elbow involved in press- - Racket strokes Interactive activity -
ups, over arm throwing and - Squats Identification of muscles
forehand racket strokes - Press-ups Interactive activity -
understand the names of - Levers Understanding levers
articulating bones, joint Simulation - Planes of
types, joint actions, planes Movement
and axes, main agonists and Teacher notes
antagonists, and types of
Revision quiz
muscle contraction of the hip,
knee and ankle involved in
running, kicking, jumping and
squats
understand the three classes
of levers and provide
examples from sporting
actions
understand the relationship

3. 3
of levers to effective
performance and the range
and speed of movement
understand the concepts of
mechanical advantage and
disadvantage.
Unit 1 Section 1 Electronic Resource: On Your Marks

4. 4
Unit 1, Section 2: Skill acquisition - introduction
Topic Learning Objectives Print Resources Page Electronic Resources
(Subheadings) Number
Skills recognise a skill by its Characteristics of skill – how do 78-85 Concept Presentation - What
characteristics, define it and you recognise it? is Skill?
be able to tell the difference Difference between skill and Case Study - The relationship
between skill and ability ability between skills and abilities in
know the difference between - Types of abilities – perceptual basketball
motor and perceptual skill and motor Interactive activity -
and how they underpin all - Type of skill Characteristics of Skill:
skills - Classifying skills Difference between skill and
recognise different types of Ability
skill – cognitive, perceptual Interactive activity - Types of
and psychomotor and how Skill
these are also underpinned
by motor and perceptual Interactive activity - Skill
abilities classification
classify by using a range of Teacher notes
continua (open-closed, Revision quiz
discrete-serial-continuous,
gross-fine, self paced -
externally paced).
Information understand the process of Input 87-100 Concept Presentation – The
processing the input of information - Perception basic 3-stage model
through the senses and the Memory Case Study - A comparison of
process of selective attention - Short-term sensory stores information processing in
understand the role and - Short-term memory beginner and more
characteristics of memory - Long-term memory experienced performers
understand the need for Strategies to improve memory Interactive activity - Memory
quick decision making in - How to make mental rehearsal Processes
sport effective Interactive activity -
understand how performer - Uses of mental rehearsal Investigation into Simple and
may use response time – Decision making Choice Reaction Time
anticipation, Hick’s Law and - Spatial and temporal Interactive activity -
the psychological refractory anticipation Psychological refractory
period Psychological refractory period period
understand the concept of Motor programmes Simulation – A practical
motor programmes and Investigation into Hick’s Law
subroutines Factors affecting the efficiency
of the components of the Teacher notes
understand the factors that information processing system
affect the efficiency of Revision quiz
and strategies for improvement
information processing - Improving selective attention
systems. - Improving retention in memory
- Improving reaction time
- Why skills break down
Learning and describe how motivation What drives us to acquire 102-120 Concept Presentation -
performance helps us to acquire and psycho-motor skills? Theories of how we learn
develop psycho-motor skills Theories of how we learn Case Study - Understanding
understand the three main - Conditioning theories the 3 stages of learning
theories of learning – - Operant conditioning through the analysis of
conditioning, cognitive and Cognitive theories of learning breakdance
observational – that are used - Adams’ closed loop theory Interactive activity -
to explain the ways in which - Schmidt’s schema theory Understanding motivation in
we acquire psycho-motor - Insight learning sport
skills
Social learning theories Interactive activity - Learning
describe the different stages - Observational learning plateaus
of learning that we go
through, including learning From beginner to expert – the Interactive activity - Transfer
plateaux, that occur as stages of learning of Learning
psycho-motor skills are - Cognitive stage Teacher notes
acquired and refined - Associative stage
- Autonomous stage Revision quiz
describe how learning can be - Stages of learning and types
transferred from one situation of feedback
to another - Forms of feedback
understand how we can help Skill development and
ourselves learn and develop performance curves
skills more effectively
Learning plateau
through the use of practice - Overcoming a learning
understand the rate at which

5. 5
we learn skills and how this plateau
can be graphically The transfer of learning
represented and modelled. - Positive transfer
- Negative transfer
- Zero transfer
- Bilateral transfer
- Proactive transfer
- Retroactive transfer
The effect of practice on
learning
- Skill learning and teacher
guidance
Unit 1 Section 2 Electronic Resource: On Your Marks

6. 6
Unit 1, Section 3: Opportunities for participation
Topic Learning Objectives Print Resources Page Electronic Resources
(Subheadings) Number
Concepts and understand the The characteristics and 123-144 Concept Presentation –
definitions characteristics and objectives objectives of physical activities Understanding the
of play, physical education, - Play Characteristics of Leisure and
leisure and recreation, active - Leisure and recreation Recreation
leisure, outdoor and - Active leisure Case Study - Urban
adventurous activities and - Outdoor and adventurous adventure
sport activity
- Sport Interactive activity - The
recognise when individuals objectives of play
are engaged in these - Physical education
activities Recognise when individuals are Interactive activity - The
engaged in these activities objectives of sport
understand that these
concepts are inter-related Are these activities Interactive activity -
interrelated? The physical Characteristics of Physical
compare and contrast the Education
different forms of physical activity continuum
activity Understand the benefits of Teacher notes
understand the benefits participating in physical activity Revision quiz
these activities bring to - Benefits to individuals
individuals and to wider - Benefits to wider society
society.
Leisure describe the characteristics Characteristics and goals of 146-162 Concept Presentation -
provision and goals of the public, each of the sectors Provision of Leisure
private and voluntary sectors - Public sector Case Study - Characteristics
in terms of making provision - Private sector of the Public and Private
for sport and active - Voluntary sector sector of leisure provision
leisure/physical recreation Equality of opportunity – the Interactive activity - Equality
analyse the advantages and advantages and disadvantages of opportunity- the
disadvantages of public, of each of the sectors advantages and
private and voluntary sector - Private sector disadvantages of each of the
provision in terms of - Voluntary sector leisure providers
providing equality of - Public sector
opportunity for different Interactive activity -
‘Best value’ – improving the Recreation: Who manages?
groups within the community public sector
discuss how the concept of Interactive activity - The role
The role of National of National Government
‘Best Value’ has impacted Government
upon the quality and range of Teacher notes
public sector provision for Revision quiz
sport and active leisure
describe how government
policy is implemented by
Sport England and its impact
upon the public sector.
National understand the historical, Public school sports (1800– 164-184 Concept Presentation -
Curriculum social and cultural factors 1870) National Curriculum Physical
Physical contributing towards the - Rational recreation (1850– Educational and School Sport
Education and development of the current 1890) Case Study - A history of
school sport provision of Physical - Social changes leading to sport at Eton public school
Education rationalisation of sport
Interactive activity - The
understand the development State school education (1870– development of physical
of physical activities within 1940) education between 1904 -
state elementary schools National Curriculum Physical 1988
from the early twentieth Education
century emphasis on drill Interactive activity - National
through physical training to Developing school–club links Curriculum Physical
post WWII emphasis on Sports colleges Education
movement - School Sports Co-ordinator Interactive activity – Policies
understand the (SSCo) and strategies for improving
characteristics of each of the The Physical Education and school sport and PE
Key Stages of the National School Sport Club Links Teacher notes
Curriculum for Physical (PESSCL) strategy Revision quiz
Education and the relevance - School Sport Partnerships
of each in relation to Active sports
increasing opportunity for
Sports leaders UK
participation
TOP programme
understand the role of
national governing bodies, National Governing Bodies and
Sport England and Youth Whole Sport Plans
Sports Trust in increasing Sport England

7. 7
participation. Youth Sports Trust
Equal understand and accurately Participation – a level playing 186-205 Concept Presentation – Equal
opportunities identify examples of field? opportunities
discrimination, stereotyping - Participation by age group Case Study – Racism in
and prejudice in sport What is meant by inclusiveness football
understand what is meant by and equal opportunity? Interactive activity - Who
inclusiveness and equal What are the barriers to suffers from the barriers to
opportunity participation? participation?
identify the specific barriers - Lack of opportunity Interactive activity - Which
to participation that occur as - Personal resources groups are involved in
a result of gender - Discrimination in sport providing equality of
discrimination; discrimination - Fear of discrimination opportunity?
towards those from different - Stereotypical views – the push
socio-economic classes, factor Teacher notes
ethnic groups or towards - The status of sport Revision quiz
those who have a disability Who suffers from the barriers to
understand the current participation?
policies and strategies - Women
designed to overcome - Ethnic groups
discrimination and raise the - Sport, physical recreation and
participation levels of those those with a disability
who suffer from - Social class issues
discrimination in sport and What is being done to
physical recreation. overcome the barriers to
participation?
- Which groups are involved in
providing equality of
opportunity?
How effectively are we
overcoming the barriers and
achieving equality of
opportunity in sport?
Unit 1 Section 3 Electronic Resource: On Your Marks

8. 8
Unit 2, Section 1: Practical aspects of physical education
Topic Learning Objectives Print Resources Page Electronic Resources
(Subheadings) Number
Practical describe the How the marks in Unit 2 209-221 Teacher notes
coursework accepted/correct skill model (Practical Coursework)are
demonstrate the required awarded
personal skills and - How the performance marks
techniques, on your own and are allocated
under practice or modified/ - How the marks for acting as a
controlled competitive coach or leader are awarded
situations - How the marks for acting as
an official are awarded
observe, analyse and
evaluate your own and Practical coursework –
others’ performance preparing for assessment
- Improving yourself as a
interpret, analyse and performer
process information related - Improving yourself as a coach
to performance in physical - Improving yourself as an
activity official
test and compare your Practical assessment – being
performance against the the best you can be
correct skill models and the - As a performer
performance of others - As a coach
apply the knowledge gained - As an official
in Unit 1 in order to improve - It is worth it!
your performance or the
performance of others.
Practical understand the principles of Principles of training 222-248 Concept Presentation -
exercise training – specificity, - Specificity Understanding the application
physiology progression, overtraining, - Overload of the F.I.T.T. principle in a
overload, reversibility, tedium - The FITT principles of training sporting context
and the FITT principles of - Frequency Case Study - An analysis of
intensity - Intensity the Multi-stage fitness test
understand how to calculate - Type and its development
optimal workload intensities - Time
Interactive activity - Fitness
understand the reasons for Measuring intensity testing
fitness testing and the - Borg scale
- Heart rate Interactive activity - Training
principles of maximal and methods
sub-maximal tests - One rep max
- Progression Simulation – Understanding
understand the physiological - Overtraining how to calculate optimal
and psychological value of a - Reversibility workload intensities
warm-up and a cool-down - Tedium Teacher notes
understand the different Fitness testing
types of stretching exercises Revision quiz
- Reasons for testing
- active and passive; static - Making the test specific to the
and ballistic; and the sport
principles of safe practice. - Making the test valid
- Making the test reliable
- Ensuring accuracy
- Maximal and sub-maximal
tests
- Standardising the test protocol
Health-related fitness tests
- Multi-Stage Fitness Test – a
test for stamina
- Sit-ups test – a test for
muscular endurance
- Leg/back dynamometer – a
test for strength
- Sit and reach test – a test for
flexibility
- Bioelectric impedance – a test
for body composition
(percentage body fat)
Skill-related fitness tests
- Sergeant jump test – a test for
power
- 20 metre sprint test – a test for
speed
- Illinois agility run test – a test
for agility

9. 9
- The Ruler drop test – a test for
reaction time
- Stork stand test – a test for
balance
- Anderson ball-catch test – a
test for hand–eye coordination
The warm-up
- General warm-up
- Stretching
- Specific warm-up
- Psychological preparation
Types of stretching
- Principles of safe practice
Cooling down
- Benefits of a cool-down
Training methods
- Continuous training regimes
- Intermittent training regimes
- Circuit training
- Weight training
- Plyometric training
- Mobility training
Practical skill improve skill using practice Teaching or coaching? 250-266 Concept Presentation -
acquisition identify and use a range of - Teaching styles Identification of different
teaching styles (command, - When to use a particular style teaching styles
reciprocal, discovery and How to practise a skill Case Study - An analysis of
problem solving) and know - The different methods of the types of practice Beth
when to use them practice Tweddle, Olympic Gymnast,
identify the different methods Structuring practice time uses as part of her training
of practice; whole, regime
How to guide an improver
progressive part and whole- - Visual guidance Interactive activity - Different
part-whole and when to use - Verbal guidance types of guidance
each method - Mechanical or manual Interactive activity -
understand that practice can guidance Understanding feedback in
be structured in different Feedback relation to the skill, purpose
ways: massed, distributed, - Types of feedback and learning situation
variable and mental practice - Which feedback to use Teacher notes
and understand when they - The importance of feedback
are most effective Revision quiz
understand the different
ways that a performer may
be guided: verbal, visual,
manual and mechanical and
where it is appropriate to use
those methods of guidance
understand the different
types of feedback and what
type of feedback is most
effective.
Exam skills Preparing for the examination 268-271
On the day
Interpreting questions
Command words
Unit 2 Electronic Resource: On Your Marks