Spermatogenesis in fish involves the process of sperm formation through meiosis and differentiation of spermatogonia into spermatids and sperm. The testis contains seminiferous tubules surrounded by Sertoli cells that support and nourish developing sperm cells. Leydig cells in the interstitial tissue secrete testosterone which regulates meiosis and sperm maturation. Spermatogenesis includes the proliferation, growth, and maturation of spermatogonia through meiosis into spermatids and spermatozoa. The sperm then move through the vas deferens and are released through the urogenital opening.

1. SPERMATOGENESIS
PADA IKAN

2.  Def :
Proses pembentukan sperma
(spermatogonia)
Meiosis
spermatogenesis
spermiogenesis dan spermiasi

4. TESTIS TERDIRI :
tubulla longitudinalis (cyste seminiferus
mengandung sel-sel spermatogenik yang
berdiferensiasi sinkroni
dikelilingi sel Sertoli / sel Nutrient).

5. Testicular Histology
Scanning Electron Micrograph
Seminiferous Tubules
Light Micrograph
Interstial Tissue

7. SEL SERTOLI (SEL NUTRIENT)
Ciri-ciri :
 Bentuk pyramidal panjang bertautan
 Melekat lamina basalis
 Ujung sel menjorok ke dalam lumen
tubulus / lobulus
Fungsi :
 Penyokong, pelindung dan mengatur
nutrisi sel-sel spermatogenik
 Fagositosis (produk berlebih) 
resorbsi lisosom sel Sertoli
 Sekeresi cairan

8. Sel Leydig (sel Interstitial)
Ciri-ciri :
 Muncul setelah dewasa
 Bentuk bulat / poligonal
 Mempunyai inti di tengah
 Sitoplasma eosinofil
Fungsi :
 Mensekresi hormone testosterone
(meiosis dan maturasi).
 Mengatur perkembangan kelamin
sekunder (dimorfisme dan
dikromatisme).

9. SPERMATOGENESIS
- Proliferasi
- Tumbuh Spermatogenesis
- Mature
- Trasnformasi = Spermiogenesis
Metamorfosa

11. Cytological differentiation of spermatogenesis

16. SPERMATOGONIA MITOSIS
 Spermatosit primer (4n) 
 spermtosit sekunder (2n) 
 spermatid (n) 
 spermatozoa 
 milt oleh vas deferens 
 air

17. Spermatogonium Spermatid : Spermatogenesis
Spermatid  Spermatozoa : Spermiogenesis
- aparatus golgi  Akrosom
- inti  kepala spermatozoa
- sentriol  ekor spermatozoa
- plasma membran selubung tubuh
- mitokondria  berkumpul di ekor
Spermatogonium
- dekat lamina basalis, besar bervariasi
- inti bulat lonjong, + butir-butir kromatin
- nukleoli dekat selaput inti
- sitoplasma granuler, < jelas
- HE = inti bulat, biru (kadang-kadang mitosis)

18. Spermatosit Primer
- Produk akhir spermatogonium B
- inti paling besar, sentral
- interfase = (+) butir-butir kromatin halus
dan rata
Spermatosit Sekunder
- produk meiosis I
- sel tampak bulat ~ spermatogonium
- inti bulat, sentral
- interfase = Inti seperti Spermatosit primer
dengan spermatid muda

19. Spermatid
- produk meiosis II
- hampir berbatasan dengan lumen tubulus seminiferus
- inti eksentris, lonjong
- berkelompok 4 – 8
- daerah golgi dekat inti, berbatas tidak jelas
- mitokondria (butir-butir >>) dalam membran sitoplasma
Spermatozoa
Tubulus seminiferus  berkala  dewasa kelamin
- mamalia = 50 – 60 
- kepala
leher
ekor = - pangkal
- tengah
- ujung

23. Spermatogonium
LOBULAR LUMEN
Spermatocyte
Spermatid
Sel Sertoli
Sperma
Sperm Duct
LOBULAR TUBULAR

24. 9. mature spermatozoa
7. 2nd spermatocytes
6. 1st spermatocytes
8. spermatids
11. blood vessel
10. Leydig
4. 5. spermatogonium
2 & 3 spermatogonium
1. stem cell
Figure 6. Seminiferous tubule, transverse section

25. FIG. 1. Chinook salmon testes showing stages of germ cell development
Bar =20 µm
primary A spermatogonia transitional spermatogonia late B spermatogonia
primary spermatocytes secondary spermatocytes spermatids (arrow) and spermatozoa (arrowhead)

26. Spermatogonia

27. Spermatogonia

28. Intermediate spermatocytes

29. Mature spermatazoa

30. Spermatozoa tails

31. Spermatozoa heads

32. SEM of fish sperm

33. SPERM COMPARISON
NOTE THE 5 MICRON SIZE.
Remember 1000 microns = 1 mm, 25 mm = 1 inch

35. SPERM MOTILITY
The sperm moves by rotating its tail in a spiral motion through
the water. This induces waves of force backward propelling
the sperm forward. If the sperm hits a hard surface, like an
egg, the spiral motion will cause the entire sperm to rotate.

36. SPERM MOTILITY
The sperm moves by rotating its tail in a spiral motion through the
water. This induces waves of force backward propelling the sperm
forward. If the sperm hits a hard surface, like an egg, the spiral
motion will cause the entire sperm to rotate.

37. Sperma bergerak :
Air laut  media bersifat hipertonik
Air tawar  media bersifat hipotonik
 Sperma aktif bergerak dalam air : 30-60’
(hilang setelah 5”).
 Sperma ikan teleostei : (-) akrosom 
mikrofil (fertilisasi 45 – 60’).