1. SCHOOL OF STUDIES IN ZOOLOGY,
JIWAJI UNIVERSITY, GWALIOR
Dr. Lodhi , R. K.
Conservation Biology Lab
TOPIC - Assisted reproductive technology (ART)
2. SYNOPSIS :-
● Introduction
● What is infertility
● Causes of infertility
● Infertility in male
● Infertility in female
● In vitro fertilization (IVF)
● Artificial insemination (AF)
● surrogacy
● Conclusion
● References
3. Introduction
● Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is used to treat
infertility. It is defined as the technology used to achieve
pregnancy in procedures such as artificial insemination, in
vitro fertilization and surrogacy.
● In 1965 Dr. Robert Edwards successfully created a
embryo by adding his own semen to a mice ovum in a
Petri dish.
4. Infertility
Infertility is a disease of the reproductive system defined
by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12
months or more of sexual intercourse.
Up to 15 percent of couples are infertile. This means they
aren't able to conceive a child, even though they've had
frequent, unprotected sexual intercourse for a year or
longer.
It may be seen in both male and female.
5. Causes of infertility
● Delayed marriage
● Sexually transmitted diseases
● Hormonal contraception
● Abortion
● Obesity
6. Infertility in male :-
● Abnormal sperm production or function due to
undescended testicles, genetic defects, health
problems such as diabetes, or infections such as
HIV.
● Over exposure to certain environmental factors,
such as pesticides and other chemicals and
radiation.
● Problems with the delivery of sperm due to sexual
problems, such as premature ejaculation, certain
genetic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, structural
problems, such as a blockage in the testicle, or
damage or injury to the reproductive organs.
7. Infertility in female
● The older woman is the higher chance of becoming
infertile.
● Ovulation disorder
● Blocked fallopian tubes caused by pelvic inflammatory
disease or endometriosis ( a condition that causes
adhesions and cysts ).
8. In vitro fertilization (IVF)
● In vitro fertilization (IVF) is one of the most common and
effective technique available for improving your chance
for a pregnancy.
● It involves fertilizing an egg outside the body,in a
laboratory dish and then implanting it in a woman’s
uterus.
9.
10. Artificial insemination (AF)
In artificial insemination, doctor insert sperm directly into
a woman’s cervix, fallopian tube or uterus.
The most common method is called intrauterine
insemination (IUI).
When the doctor place the sperm in the uterus. It make
the trip sorter for the sperm.
11.
12. Surrogacy
● In this a woman agrees to
become pregnant and
deliver a child for a
contracted party.
● Surrogacy is when another
woman carries and gives
birth to a baby for the
couple who want to have a
child.
13. Conclusion
● ART has been the answer for many childless
couples, resulting in successful pregnancies
and childbirth.
● But there are still risk, stress and high cost
associated with ART
