Apresentação sobre Ontologias e Web Semântica, para a cadeira de Inteligência Artificial.

1. Ontologias
Sérgio Santos
Inteligência Artificial
Novembro 2009
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2. <rdf:RDF
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-rdf-syntax#"
xmlns="http://dei.uc.pt/works-syntax">
<rdf:Description about="http://dei.uc.pt/works#1337"/>
<Title>
Ontologias
</Title>
Sérgio Santos </Author>
<Author>
<Subject> Inteligência Artificial </Subject>
<PublishDate> Novembro 2009 </PublishDate>
</rdf:RDF>
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3. 3

4. Como representar
conhecimento?
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5. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<university name="Universidade de Coimbra" id="504">
<students>
<student name="Sérgio Santos" id="2006125508">
<address>Espinheiro, Penela</address>
<course id="123">
Mestrado em Engenharia Informática
</course>
</student>
...
</students>
</university>
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6. university
student student student
address course
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7. […]
xmlns:uc="http://uc.pt/syntax#"
[…]
<rdf:Description about="http://uc.pt">
<uc:name>Universidade de Coimbra</uc:name>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description about="http://dei.uc.pt/~sdsantos">
<uc:name>Sérgio Santos</uc:name>
<uc:num>2006125508</uc:num>
<uc:attendsCourse rdf:resource="http://dei.uc.pt/~MEI" />
<uc:attendsUniversity rdf:resource="http://uc.pt" />
</rdf:Description>
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8. http://dei.uc.pt/~sdsantos
student
attendsUniversity attendsCourse
university course
http://uc.pt http://dei.uc.pt/~MEI
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9. http://uc.pt/syntax
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#">
<rdfs:Class rdf:ID="student"/>
<rdfs:Class rdf:ID="university"/>
<rdfs:Class rdf:ID="course"/>
</rdf:RDF>
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10. […]
xmlns="http://uc.pt/syntax#"
[…]
<university rdf:id="UC">
<name>Universidade de Coimbra</name>
</university>
<student rdf:id="sdsantos">
<name>Sérgio Santos</name>
<num>2006125508</num>
<attendsCourse rdf:resource="#MEI" />
<attendsUniversity rdf:resource="#UC" />
</student>
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12. <owl:Ontology rdf:about="">
<rdfs:comment>Example ontology.</rdfs:comment>
</owl:Ontology>
<owl:Class rdf:ID="Person">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Thing"/>
</owl:Class>
<owl:Class rdf:ID="Student">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Person"/>
</owl:Class>
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20. Trabalhar com
ontologias
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21. 1. Determinar o domínio e abrangência da ontologia
2. Considerar a reutilização de ontologias existentes
3. Enumerar os termos importantes na ontologia
4. Definir as classes e a sua hierarquia
5. Definir as propriedades das classes
6. Definir os tipos de propriedades
7. Criar os indivíduos
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26. String personURI = "http://somewhere/JohnSmith";
String givenName = "John";
String familyName = "Smith";
String fullName = givenName + " " + familyName;
Model model = ModelFactory.createDefaultModel();
Resource johnSmith = model.createResource(personURI)
.addProperty(VCARD.FN, fullName)
.addProperty(VCARD.N, model.createResource()
.addProperty(VCARD.Given, givenName)
.addProperty(VCARD.Family, familyName));
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27. public class SomeClientAgent extends Agent
implements SomeVocabulary
{
private Codec codec = new SLCodec();
private Ontology ontology = SomeOntology.getInstance();
protected void setup() {
// Register language and ontology
getContentManager().registerLanguage(codec);
getContentManager().registerOntology(ontology);
...
}
...
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29. PREFIX uc: <http://uc.pt/syntax#>
SELECT ?aluno
FROM <studentsDB.rdf>
WHERE {
?aluno uc:attendsUniversity "#UC" .
?aluno uc:attendsCourse "#MEI" .
}
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31. Knowledge
Portals
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37. ^
Referencias
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