1. THE UTILISATION OF WASTE
MATERIAL IN THE ROAD
CONSTRUCTION

2. INTRODUCTION
 Rapid industrialization and large scale
infrastructural development in India, has resulted in
huge scarcity of construction materials and
tremendous increase in the environmental pollution.
 Disposal issue of the waste products is a challenge.
Some of these materials are not biodegradable
and often leads to waste disposal crisis and
environmental pollution.

3. INTRODUCTION
 Traditionally soil, stone aggregates, sand, bitumen,
cement etc. are used for road construction. Natural
materials being exhaustible in nature, its quantity is
declining gradually. Also, cost of extracting good
quality of natural material is increasing.
 Concerned about this, the scientists are looking for
alternative materials for road construction. If these
waste materials can be suitably utilized in road
construction, the pollution and disposal problems
may be partly reduced.

4. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
 The main objective of this project is to detail study
about the wastes that can be used as a road
construction and pavement construction material.
 The suitability of these waste materials is checked and
can be helpful as a replacement of fine aggregate in
base and bituminous layers of road pavement .
 The properties of different waste materials can be
studied and their suitability in embankment, sub grade,
sub base, base and bituminous layers of road
pavement is cheked out.

5. Waste materials to be used in road
construction are:
 PLASTICS
 WASTE TYRES
 CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTES
 FLY ASH

6. PLASTICS
 Plastic waste, consisting of carry bags, cups and
Thermocoles .
 Plastic waste can be used as a coating over
aggregate and this coated stone can be used for
road construction.
 The main function of plastic is to be effectively
utilized in construction of flexible pavement as a
binder material for replacing the content of
bitumen.

7. PLASTICS
 By this process a road of 1 Km length and 3.375M
width of single lane can consumes 10, 00000 carry
bags and the road strength is increased by 100%
and there found no any pot hole.
 On the other side, the road traffic is increasing. The
load bearing capacities of the road are to be
increased. So there is need to take care of both
these aspects.

8. WASTE TYRES
 Waste tyres are categorized as solid or hazardous
waste.
 The use of four wheeler, two wheeler vehicles etc. is
increasing day by day. As a result amount of waste
tyres also increasing.
 It is estimated that about 60 per cent of waste tyres
are disposed via unknown routes in the urban as
well as rural areas. This leads to various
environmental problems which include air pollution
associated with open burning of tyres.

9. WASTE TYRES
 So it is necessary to utilize the tyre wastes
effectively.
 The waste tyres can be used as well sized
aggregate in the various bituminous mixes if it is cut
in the form of aggregate and can be called as
rubber aggregate.
 This not only minimizes the pollution occurred due to
waste tyres but also minimizes the use of
conventional aggregate which is available in less
quantity.

10. CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION
WASTE
 Construction and demolition waste is generated
whenever any construction/demolition activity takes
place, such as, building roads, bridges, fly over,
subway etc.
 It consists mostly of inert and non-biodegradable
material such as concrete, plaster, metal, wood,
plastics etc.
 These wastes are heavy, having high density, often
bulky and occupy considerable storage space either
on the road or communal waste bin/container.

11. CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION
WASTE
 Recycling of aggregate material from construction
and demolition waste can be used in road
construction replacing the shortage of the
aggregate material in the road construction.

12. FLY ASH
 Fly ash is the finely divided residue that results from
the combustion of pulverized coal and is
transported from the combustion chamber by
exhaust gases.
 Over 61 million metric tons (68 million tons) of fly
ash were produced in 2001.
 So it need to be disposed off.
 Fly ash can be used in soil and road base
stabilization, flowable fills, grouts and structural fill.

13. FLY ASH
Fly ash utilization, especially in concrete roads , has
significant environmental benefits including:
 Increasing the life of concrete roads and structures by
improving concrete durability.
 Net reduction in energy use and greenhouse gas and
other adverse air emissions when fly ash is used to
replace or displace manufactured cement.
 Reduction in amount of coal combustion products that
must be disposed in landfills.
 Conservation of other natural resources and materials.