microprocessors

1. Trends in microprocessor field
S. Nivathika
N. V. pavithra
S.K.Ramya
R.Srinika
S.Tina catharine
P.Vasanthi
Guided by,
MS . Devi puzhguli,
Assistant professor,
ECE dept.

2. synopsis
1. What is multicore technology?
2. Trends in microprocessor world
Dual core microprocessor
Quad core microprocessor
Penta core microprocessor
Hexa core processor
Octa core processor

3. INTRODUCTION
A Multicore processor is a single computing
component with two or more independent central
processing unit.
They have several independent cores which works
together in parallel.

4. MULTICORE PROCESSOR
• A Multicore microprocessor is
one which combines two or
more independent processor
into a single package, often a
single integrated circuit
• Eg:Dual core contains only 2
independent microprocessor

6. EXAMPLE-DUAL CORE

7. TERMINOLOGY
MULTI-CHIP MULTI-CPU

8. Comparison
Single core architecture Multi core architecture

9. features of multi-core
technology
• Works faster for certain program
• More features can be added to the computer
• The signals between different CPUs travel
shorter distances, therefore they degrade less
• The computer needs less power because it can
turn off some sections if they aren´t needed

10. downside of multi-core
technology
• The speed that the computer works at
depends on what the user is doing with
it.
• They cost more than single core
processors.
• They are more difficult to manage
thermally than lower-density single-core
processors.
• Not all operating systems support more
than one core.

11. Trends in the
microprocessor worlds
1. Dual core microprocessor
2. Quad core microprocessor
3. Penta-core microprocessor
4. Hexa-core processor
5. Octa-core processor

12. 1. Dual-core refers to a CPU that
includes two complete execution cores
per physical processor.
2. It has combined two processors and
their caches and cache controllers onto
a single integrated circuit (silicon
chip).
2. dual core chip is that tasks can be
carried out in parallel streams,
decreasing processing time
3. for example, AMD Phenom II
X2 and Intel Core Duo
What is dual
core?

13. Outline architecture of dual core
1.Two cores for processing
2.System request interface-to
Communicate with system
3.Crossbar switch-to switching between
Memory and all other components
4.DDR2 memory controller- is a digital circuit
that
manages the flow of data going to and
from the computer's main memory
5.Hyper transport technology- is a technology for
interconnection of computer processors

14. Motherboard of dual core processor

15. Dual Core Processor
Performance
a. each core handles incoming data strings
simultaneously to improve efficiency.
b. advantages of a dual-core processor over
the single processor is
a performance gain.
c. amount of improvement varies both with
the hardware and software involved and
also with the particular task the user is
doing.

16. Dual Core Processor Speed
• and a dual core system is faster than a single-
core system, when everything else is equal.
• SMT enables parallel multi-threading
increases the speed of processor
• multi-core processor is that it each processor
acts independently from one another

17. CLOCK SPEED
• Clock speed is a measure of how
quickly a computer completes basic
computations and operations
• most clock speed measures is very
high, the terms megahertz and
gigahertz are used
• A megahertz is one-million cycles
per second, while a gigahertz is
one-billion cycles per second.
• So a computer with a clock speed
of 800MHz is running 800,000,000
cycles per second, while a 2.4GHz
computer is running 2,400,000,000
cycles per second.

18. Benefits of dual core
1. Increased performance: latest dual-core,
64-bit computing for large workloads
and data-intensive applications
2. Increased memory: up to 32GB of
memory capacity
3. Increased storage: up to 600GB Serial-
Attached SCSI (SAS) drives at 15K rpm,
4. Increased reliability: fully buffered
DIMMs simultaneously boost memory
5. Increased flexibility: achieve greater
utilization applications with Intel
Virtualization Technology
6. Reduced cost: there is no added cost of a
second physical processor.

19. • Produced From :2006 to 2009
• Common manufacturer(s)-Intel
• Max. CPU clock rate-1.3 GHz to 2.6 GHz
• FSB speeds-533 MHz to 800 MHz
• Min. feature size - 65 nm to 45 nm
• Instruction setMMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3,SSSE3 ,x86-64
• Micro architecture Core- 2 Cores
• 2Socket(s)-LGA 775
Socket M
Socket P
• Predecessor- Pentium M, Pentium D
• Successor Pentium (2009)
• Core name(s) - Yonah
Merom-2M
Allendale
Wolfdale-3M
Pentium Dual-Core

20. Quad core processor
1. quad-core refers to a CPU that includes
four complete execution cores per
physical processor.
2.It has combined four processors and their
caches and cache controllers onto a single
integrated circuit (silicon chip).
3.quad core chip is that tasks can be carried
out in parallel streams, decreasing processing
time

21. Block diagram for quad core processor
1.four cores for processing
2.System request interface-to
Communicate with system
3.Crossbar switch-to switching between
Memory and all other components
4.DDR2 memory controller- is a digital circuit that
manages the flow of data going to and
from the computer's main memory
5.Hyper transport technology- is a technology for
interconnection of computer processors

22. Motherboard architecture of quad
core processor

23. Functional diagram of quad core
processor

24. External architecture of quad core
processor

25. Applications of quad core
processor
• Light Wave 3D combines a state-of-the-art renderer
with powerful, intuitive modeling, and animalization.
• Light Wave is enjoyed worldwide, as a complete 3D
production solution for feature film, television visual
effects, broadcast design,
• print graphics, visualization, game development, and
Web.
• Light Wave is a software package used for rendering
3D images, both animated and static

26. PENTACORE
1.Pentacore refers to a cup that
includes five complete execution
cores per physical processor

27. • It has combined five processor and
their caches and cache controllers
on to a single integrated circuit
• Penta-core chip is that tasks can be
carried out in parallel streams,
decreasing processing time
• for example AMD phenom,intel i5

28. Pentacore processor
performance
• each core handles incoming data strings
simultaneously to improve efficiency
• advantages of a pent core processor over the dual
processor is a performance gain
• amount of improvement varies both the
hardware and software involved and also with
the particular task the user is doing

29. Penta-core processor speed
• Penta-core system is faster
than a tri core system , when
everything else is equal
• SMT increases the speed of
the processor
• Penta-core processor is that
it each processor acts
independently from one
another

30. BENEFITS OF PENTACORE
• Increased performance-
• faster memory
• Improved storage
capacity
• Enhanced reliability
• Increased flexibility

31. Penta-core working
• Background tasks,audio,video,email syncs,social
media syncs,etc
• Single core performance for email,2D
games,basic browing,maps,etc
• Dual core performance for flashed enabled
browsing,multitasking,video chat,etc..
• Quad core performance for console class
gaming, faster browsing media processing

32. Tablet with
pentacore&features
Key Features:
• Quad core Processor - 1.3GHz
• 7 Inches, 800 X 480, Multi-
touch Capacitive Screen
• Camera - Front 0.3MP I Back
0.3MP
• Storage - 8GB Internal
(expandable up to 32GB)
• Memory - 512MB DDR3 RAM
HD Playback Full HD 1080p
• Connectivity - Wi-Fi 802.11
b/g/n, I/O Ports Micro 5pin
USB port (support OTG
function)

33. Intel i5 processor
• Focus on performance
• Utilize highest clock speed
• Hyper-threading reintroduced
• 2nd generationintel
virtualization technology
which will introduced page
table support
• Integrated circuit support two
or three memory

34. Hexa -core processor
1. hexa-core refers to a CPU that
includes six complete execution
cores per physical processor.
2. It has combined
six processors and their caches
and cache controllers onto a
single integrated circuit (silicon
chip).
3.dual core chip is that tasks can be
carried out in parallel streams,
decreasing processing time

35. Block diagram of hexa core
processor

37. Hexa processor external architecture

38. Motherboard architecture

40. Features of hexa-core
processor on real world
• 22nm tri gate 3d -transistors
• 8 cores ,16 threads
• 20 mb smart cache
• Turbo boost technology
• Conflict –free microprocessor
• Over clocking enabled for extra-
performance

41. Octa core
processor
S.K.Ramya

42. What is octa-core processor?
1. octa-core refers to a CPU that
includes eight complete execution
cores per physical processor.
2. It has combined
eight processors and their caches
and cache controllers onto a single
integrated circuit (silicon chip).
3.dual core chip is that tasks can be
carried out in parallel streams,
decreasing processing time

43. Outline architecture of octa core processor

44. Motherboard architecture of octa core
processor

45. Octa-core mobile features

46. Example for octa core processor-
Hasswell-E HEDT 9(OVERVIEW)

48. Improved current applications
experience
• Advanced web browsing : octa core
allows more faster , more stable web
browsing experience
• Smoother user interface : renders 3d
effect smoothly . functionality and
appearance is significantly enhanced
• Superior gaming experience: advanced
multithreaded programming
• Efficient video playback : provides 20
percent extra frames

49. Advantages of octa-core processor
1. Multitasking is the major advantages of octa core processor.
More cores provide more capacity to mobile performing many
tasks in the single instance.
2.octa-core processors are helpful in running such apps which are
rather intensive and require a lot of resources. Such apps
include video editors, anti-viruses, graphics programs, etc.
3.New octa processors consumes less power and general less heat.
That’s why they are much efficient.
4. octa-core is actually way ahead of current mobile application
development technology

50. Advantages of octa-core processor
1. Multitasking is the major advantages of octa core processor.
More cores provide more capacity to mobile performing many
tasks in the single instance.
2.octa-core processors are helpful in running such apps which are
rather intensive and require a lot of resources. Such apps
include video editors, anti-viruses, graphics programs, etc.
3.New octa processors consumes less power and general less heat.
That’s why they are much efficient.
4. octa-core is actually way ahead of current mobile application
development technology

52. With reference
• https://www.google.co.in/search?q=penta+core+processor&source=lnms
&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjg9Kap3rHLAhUUvo4KHVWhAIMQ_AUIB
ygB&biw=1024&bih=676
• https://www.google.co.in/search?q=octa+core&oq=ovta&aqs=chrome.1.6
9i57j0l3.3337j0j1&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
• https://www.quora.com/Which-is-better-the-%E2%80%98Octa-core-1-7-
GHz-processor%E2%80%99-or-%E2%80%98Quad-core-2-26-GHz-
processor%E2%80%99-or-True-Octa-core-4X2-GHz-+-4X1-7-GHz-in-a-
smartphone
• https://www.quora.com/Which-is-better-the-%E2%80%98Octa-core-1-7-
GHz-processor%E2%80%99-or-%E2%80%98Quad-core-2-26-GHz-
processor%E2%80%99-or-True-Octa-core-4X2-GHz-+-4X1-7-GHz-in-a-
smartphone
• http://techterms.com/definition/dualcore
• https://www.google.co.in/search?q=octa+core&oq=ovta&aqs=chrome.1.6
9i57j0l3.3337j0j1&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#q=multicore+processor