1. REPORTED SPEECH
By:
Jordan
Ferdian
4SA04
13610787

3. The Different between Direct
Speech and Reported Speech
There are several differences between a sentence with direct
speech and a sentence with indirect speech.
*We no need to use quotation marks with indirect speech.
*We have to change the tense of the verb.
*We have to change the pronouns and determiners.
Example:
Dialogue Reported form
“Let’s take a ride.” She suggested to go out with vehicles.
“The red shoe it’s belong to hers.” He claimed that the red shoe was belong to
the girls.

4. Some Important Rules to Report the
Dialogue:
A. Pronouns
Ex: I, you >> mine, your, yours
he, she, it>> his, her, hers, its
B. Tense
Ex : Present tense>> Past tense
C. Expressions of time and place
Ex: Last night> the night before today/the night before this morning.

5. Example:
Direct Speech: John said, “I have a nice
car from my birthday gift”.
Indirect Speech: John said that he had
a nice car from a gifts in his birthday.
Example:
Direct Speech: Jessica says, “I like
chocolate”.
Indirect Speech: Sarah says that she
likes chocolate.
C. When the reporting verb is in the past tense the verb of the reported clause is changed
into the corresponding past tense:
Example:
Direct Speech: Jimmy said, “I have passed the test”.
Indirect Speech: Jimmy said that he had passed the test.

6. Example:
Direct Speech:
Indirect Speech:
Example:
Direct Speech: She said, “When I
worked / was working in that office I had
a lot of awards”.
Indirect Speech: She said that when she
worked / was working in that office she
had a lot of awards. (Don’t use had lived /
had been living)
Example:
Direct Speech:
Indirect Speech: He said that he wished he
were an actor. (Don’t use had been)
Example:
Direct Speech: He said, “I had better die
than live without her.”
Indirect Speech: He said that he had
better die than live without her.

7. Example:
Direct Speech:
Indirect Speech:
Example:
Direct Speech:
Indirect Speech:

8. Kind of Sentences Reporting Verbs Conjunctions
Questions (1) W/H type asked, enquired, wanted to know
if / whether
Questions (2) Verbal asked, enquired, wanted
if / whether
Direct Speech: My friend said, “Are you join us?”
Indirect Speech: My friend asked me whether s/he was join with us.
When using;
do, does (present tense) - the main verb converts
into the past (does / do go -> went)
did (past tense) - the main verb converts
into past perfect. (did go -> had gone)
Direct Speech: “Do they won the match last night?” said Billy.
Indirect Speech:

9. D. The question form will change into a statement form:
E. W/h Questions:
Direct Speech :
Indirect Speech :

10. F. Verbal Questions:
These are questions begining with a verb. (Are you
ready? Is it true?)
Here we use the conjunction ‘if’ or ‘whether’. The
word order is changed as mentioned earlier.
Verb + Subject : Sinta said to me, “Is Billy at your
store?”
Subject + Verb : Sinta asked me if Billy was at store.

11. COMMANDS / ORDER / IMPERATIVE SENTENCES
To report a command we can use a number of verbs
>Reporting Verb
Kind of Sentences Reporting Verbs Conjunctions
Commands & Requests told, asked, requested, warned,
advised, instructed, ordered to - not to
We use the conjunction ‘to’. When the command is a negative one beginning with
“Don’t” we change it to ‘not to’.
Ex:
Direct Speech: Jack said, “Hold my hand and keep steady.”
Indirect Speech: Jack told his girls to hold his hand and keep steady.
>Requests
Please - requested + whom + to + v
Direct Speech: The police said, “Please use your seatbelt.”
Indirect Speech: The police ordered the driver to use seatbelt.

12. Exclamations
Exclamations can be reported with adverbs of manner.
Kind of Sentences Reporting Verbs Conjunctions
Exclamations exclaimed with joy /
exclaimed with sorrow that
Jack said to Rose, “How fantastic you changed !”
Jack exclaimed with happiness that Rose had changed
fantastical.
My parents said, “Who the boy is!.”
My parents exclaimed in wonder that I was a good kid.
Kimmy said, “ That was a long time since our last meeting!”
Kimmy was Missed to meet me after a long time.

13. *Alas!- exclaimed with sadness / regret / disappoinment.
*May you!- blesses / wished.
*Don’t / never - warned or forbade. (when using forbid do not use negatives)
*O God! - called upon God with regret / sadness / disappointment.