La tesis doctoral describe el desarrollo de índices y métodos para clasificar tractores según su eficiencia energética potencial. Los objetivos son desarrollar índices de eficiencia energética, crear una clasificación energética de tractores basada en esos índices, evaluar la influencia de factores intrínsecos en la eficiencia energética, y modelar el óptimo de eficiencia para cada tractor. La metodología incluye el análisis de datos de eficiencia de motores y transmisiones de tractores para desar
Este documento resume los resultados de una prueba de campo realizada con una sembradora Pottinger 3000T con 1.000 horas de uso. La prueba evaluó el funcionamiento de la máquina a diferentes velocidades y la uniformidad de la siembra. Los resultados mostraron que a 15 km/h la profundidad de siembra era más uniforme que a 8 km/h, y que la cantidad de semilla variaba según la posición de los tubos de descarga. El tipo de semilla y las horas de uso también afectaron los resultados.
Datos ampliados de la presentación y el discurso de defensa de la tesis doctoral 'Aproximación a la traducción translectal de un corpus audiovisual de películas hispanoamericanas'.
Este documento trata sobre la importancia de preservar el agua. Presenta información sobre el agua como recurso natural, su ciclo y usos. Explica la contaminación del agua y la necesidad de conservarla debido a que es un recurso limitado y vital para los seres vivos. El objetivo es determinar el conocimiento de los estudiantes sobre la preservación del agua y promover medidas para su uso y conservación.
Victor Gil Quirós has over 3 years of experience in sales for AGCO Corporation. He has a PhD in Agricultural Engineering from the Polytechnic University of Madrid and provides direct support to dealers and area managers, including sales training, product advice, and order management. He is versatile, dynamic, honest, hard working, analytic, and decisive.
Este documento resume los resultados de una prueba de campo realizada con una sembradora Pottinger 3000T con 1.000 horas de uso. La prueba evaluó el funcionamiento de la máquina a diferentes velocidades y la uniformidad de la siembra. Los resultados mostraron que a 15 km/h la profundidad de siembra era más uniforme que a 8 km/h, y que la cantidad de semilla variaba según la posición de los tubos de descarga. El tipo de semilla y las horas de uso también afectaron los resultados.
Datos ampliados de la presentación y el discurso de defensa de la tesis doctoral 'Aproximación a la traducción translectal de un corpus audiovisual de películas hispanoamericanas'.
Este documento trata sobre la importancia de preservar el agua. Presenta información sobre el agua como recurso natural, su ciclo y usos. Explica la contaminación del agua y la necesidad de conservarla debido a que es un recurso limitado y vital para los seres vivos. El objetivo es determinar el conocimiento de los estudiantes sobre la preservación del agua y promover medidas para su uso y conservación.
Victor Gil Quirós has over 3 years of experience in sales for AGCO Corporation. He has a PhD in Agricultural Engineering from the Polytechnic University of Madrid and provides direct support to dealers and area managers, including sales training, product advice, and order management. He is versatile, dynamic, honest, hard working, analytic, and decisive.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Defensa Tesis
1. DESARROLLO DE ÍNDICES Y MÉTODOS
PARA CLASIFICAR LOS TRACTORES
SEGÚN SU EFICIENCIA ENERGÉTICA
POTENCIAL
Doctorando: Víctor Gil Quirós
Directores: Jacinto Gil Sierra y Jesús Casanova Kindelán
ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR
DE INGENIEROS AGRÓNOMOS DE INGENIEROS INDUSTRIALES
GRUPO LPF-TAG GRUPO DE MOTORES TÉRMICOS
2. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós
• Gran preocupación mundial por ahorro
energético y medio ambiente. 1997, Kioto
Situación actual
• Necesidades tecnológicas muy altas en la
agricultura europea
• Ningún valor referente a consumo en la
homologación europea. Directiva
2003/37/CE
• Boletines OCDE única medida de
consumo, de carácter voluntario
3. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós
1. Desarrollo de índices de eficiencia
energética
2. Crear una clasificación energética de
tractores en base a los índices anteriores
Objetivos
3. Evaluar la influencia de los factores
intrínsecos en la eficiencia energética
4. Modelos que permitan calcular el óptimo
de eficiencia para cada tractor
4. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Objetivos
Revisión Bibliográfica
• Estudio previo y análisis de los factores que
afectan a la eficiencia energética de un
tractor
• Centrar tesis en los factores más
importantes y que no varían una vez
fabricado el tractor (motor y transmisión)
• Establecer las condiciones en las que se
generan el óptimo del funcionamiento del
motor
5. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Motor I
Revisión Bibliográfica
• Es el factor más importante
• El punto de eficiencia óptima tiene un
régimen más bajo que el nominal y un
par elevado
• Varios modelos de predicción de
consumo Jahns et al. (1990), Harris y
Pearce (1990) y Grisso ( 2004)
7. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Motor III
Revisión Bibliográfica
Zona regulador
Reducción consumo cargas parciales
Reducción régimen cargas parciales
Siendo,
•Q: consumo horario a carga parcial (L/h)
•X: carga, o potencia referida a la potencia nominal (tanto por uno)
•Ntdf: potencia a régimen nominal (kW)
•q (%): porcentaje de reducción de consumo específico
•qt: consumo específico a régimen máximo (L/kWh)
•qp: consumo específico a régimen reducido (L/kWh)
•nred: porcentaje de reducción de régimen
•nt: régimen máximo (r/min)
•np: régimen reducido (r/min)
Grisso et al.(2004)
8. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Motor IV
Revisión Bibliográfica
Reducción consumo
cargas parciales
Siendo,
•D: descenso del consumo específico a cargas parciales y
regímenes reducidos
•nred: porcentaje de reducción de régimen a carga parcial
•X: carga del motor
Grisso et al.(2004)
9. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Motor V
Revisión Bibliográfica
Cargas parciales
Potencia máxima
Regulador
Siendo,
•M: momento en cada punto
•n: régimen del motor en ese punto
•Q: consumo horario en ese punto
•ai, bi y ci: constantes propias de cada
motor
Jahns et al.(1990)
10. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Motor VI
Revisión Bibliográfica
Siendo,
•n: régimen óptimo
•nr: régimen nominal
•M: momento óptimo
•Mr: momento a régimen nominal
Grisso et al.(2004)
11. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Transmisión I
Revisión Bibliográfica
• Segundo factor más importante
• Eficiencia variable en función de la
velocidad seleccionada, el par y el
régimen
• Al maximizar el par en función del tiro
se optimiza la eficiencia de transmisión
12. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Transmisión II
Revisión Bibliográfica
• Tipos de cajas de cambio
• Bajo carga ≈ CVT. Eficiencia de hasta el
96%
• Tipo de tracción. Doble más eficiente
• ¿Diferencial?
13. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Tracción I
Revisión Bibliográfica
Eficiencia de tracción
Resbalamiento
Resistencia a la rodadura
Siendo,
•η: eficiencia de tracción
•T: fuerza de tiro (N)
•vr: velocidad real de avance del tractor (m/s)
•M: par de la rueda (Nm)
•ω: velocidad angular de la rueda (rad/s)
•σ: resbalamiento (%)
•vr: velocidad real de avance del tractor (m/s)
•R: resistencia a la rodadura (N)
•ρ: coeficiente de rodadura
•B: carga normal que soporta la rueda (N)
14. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Tracción II
Revisión Bibliográfica
Fuerza resistencia
rodadura Brixius (1987)
Siendo,
•Frr: resistencia a la rodadura
•Pd: peso dinámico sobre una rueda
•R: coeficiente de rodadura
•Bn: número de movilidad, que depende de ciertas magnitudes físicas
de suelo medidas en campo
•σ: resbalamiento
15. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Tracción III
Revisión Bibliográfica
Coeficiente de tracción
Siendo,
•T: fuerza de tiro (N)
•de rodadura
•B: carga normal que soporta la rueda (N)
Óptimo 0,30 (Shell et al., 1987) y 0,40 (Zoz et
al., 2002; Adams, 2005) para tractores de ruedas
y 0,50 (Zoz et al., 2002) para tractores con
cadenas
16. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Desarrollo
Desarrollo clasificación
clasificación energética
energética
Desarrollo Estudio
Estudio Desarrollo características
índices motor
características índices motor transmisión
( cjt y ckt)
motor ( cg, cj y ck)
Datos Eficiencia Modelo energético
Eficiencia del motor
eficiencia transmisión
motor global
OCDE potencia máxima
Comparación Desarrollo
Estudio óptimos
óptimo vs global índice
energéticos
( cqt, cjt y ckt ) ( cqt)
20. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Datos de eficiencia IV
Metodología y resultados
Datos volumétricos de consumo. Medidas de consumo en agricultura
Media Mediana Mínimo Máximo
País Varianza Desviación típica
(kg/L) (kg/L) (kg/L) (kg/L)
Alemania 0,835 0,835 0,823 0,851 0,00004 0,006
Francia 0,850 0,850 0,850 0,854 0,00000 0,001
Italia 0,838 0,838 0,833 0,842 0,00000 0,002
Japón 0,843 0,838 0,837 0,856 0,00008 0,009
República Checa 0,840 0,842 0,832 0,842 0,00003 0,005
Turquía 0,826 0,827 0,820 0,837 0,00004 0,006
Reino Unido 0,844 0,845 0,837 0,873 0,00003 0,006
Estados Unidos 0,843 0,843 0,834 0,849 0,00001 0,003
Resultado global 0,841 0,842 0,820 0,873 0,00007 0,008
Corrección potencia: ISO 15550/2002 (UNE 68028:2003). Control inyección
21. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Eficiencia motor I
Metodología y resultados
0.400
en cada punto y la potencia nominal
Cociente entre el consumo horario
0.300
(L/kWh)
0.200
g
0.100
0.000
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Relación de potencia en cada punto respecto a la potencia
nominal
25. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Eficiencia motor IV
Metodología y resultados
0,430
0,410
0,390
0,370
cj (L/kWh)
0,350
0,330
y = 0,5366x + 0,1198
0,310
R2 = 0,8184
0,290
0,270
0,300 0,350 0,400 0,450 0,500 0,550
c g (L/kWh)
27. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Eficiencia motor VI
Metodología y resultados
• Selección de índice cj para estudios de
motor
• Características cualitativas (tipo de
admisión, número de cilindros, …) Datos
descriptivos y ANOVA
• Características cuantitativas (presión
media, potencia nominal, régimen
nominal). Datos descriptivos, análisis
factoriales y componentes principales
29. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Eficiencia motor VIII
Metodología y resultados
0.500
y = 0.36311e-0.00090x
0.450 R² = 0.09807
0.400
cj (L/kWh)
0.350
0.300
0.250
0.200
0 50 100 150 200 250
Potencia nominal (kW)
30. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Eficiencia motor IX
Metodología y resultados
A B C D E F G
181 modelos 47
50
39
18
12
10
5
31. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Desarrollo
Desarrollo clasificación
clasificación energética
energética
Desarrollo Estudio
Estudio Desarrollo características
índices motor
características índices motor transmisión
( cjt y ckt)
motor ( cg, cj y ck)
Datos Eficiencia Modelo energético
Eficiencia del motor
eficiencia transmisión
motor global
OCDE potencia máxima
Comparación Desarrollo
Estudio óptimos
óptimo vs global índice
energéticos
( cqt, cjt y ckt ) ( cqt)
32. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima I
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
d) c)
b)
a)
Potencia (kW)
Velocidad del motor (rev/min)
Siendo,
•a: punto de régimen nominal
•b: punto de régimen normalizado de la toma de fuerza
•c: punto de potencia máxima
•d: punto de régimen mínimo para el cálculo de rendimiento
33. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima II
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Sin considerar la resistencia a la rodadura:
Potencia a la barra sin deslizamiento
Rendimiento
transmisión
Siendo,
•Nsin rebalamiento: potencia a la barra incluida la pérdida por resbalamiento
•Nbarra: potencia obtenida en el ensayo a la barra de tiro (kW)
•σ: resbalamiento (tanto por uno)
•ηtransmisión con rodadura el rendimiento de la transmisión sin restar las
pérdidas debidas a la resistencia a la rodadura
•Ntdf: potencia a la toma de fuerza (kW)
34. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima III
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Considerando la resistencia a la rodadura:
Brixius (1987)
Resistencia rodadura
Potencia a la barra
sin deslizamiento y
sin resistencia a la rodadura
Rendimiento transmisión
sin rodadura
Siendo,
•R: resistencia a la rodadura (N)
•W: peso del tractor (N)
•v: la velocidad de avance expresada (m/s)
•ηtransmisión sin rodadura :el rendimiento de la transmisión descontando la resistencia
a la rodadura, expresado en tanto por uno
35. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima IV
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Pista de ensayo Coeficiente de resistencia a la rodadura
Ankara (Turquía) 0,028
Antony (Francia) 0,020
Bolonia (Italia) 0,040
Gros-Umstadt (Alemania) 0,036
Kynggio-do (Korea) 0,040
Nebraska (EEUU) 0,040
Omiya (Japón) 0,040
Silsoe (Reino Unido) 0,040
Tfanovkého (Rep. Chca) 0,040
Turín (Italia) 0,040
Treviglio (Italia) 0,033
36. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima V
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
37. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima VI
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
38. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima VII
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
DISTRIBUCIÓN DE LAS HORAS DE FUNCIONAMIENTO POR LABORES, SEGÚN POTENCIA DEL TRACTOR
Intervalo DISTRIBUCIÓN DE LAS HORAS DE TRABAJO TOTAL (% )
Horas Horas
de potencia Pérdidas
Trabajo Trabajo
del tractor despto. Transp. Prep Siembra Abonado Acc. Trab. Int. Trab.
Total Real Tratam. Recolecc. Otros
(CV) Remolque Terreno Plantac. Org. Min. Equipos Instalac. Forest.
<30 196,77 185,02 5,97% 31,39% 29,34% 3,20% 5,66% 21,72% 4,75% 2,30% 0,00% 0,00% 1,64%
30-49 245,48 233,55 4,86% 19,05% 29,56% 5,67% 12,20% 12,16% 12,16% 3,33% 2,07% 0,24% 3,56%
50-69 362,19 341,98 5,58% 18,56% 26,52% 9,35% 10,71% 10,99% 12,39% 1,69% 4,07% 0,20% 5,52%
70-89 513,59 473,84 7,74% 17,33% 24,08% 6,77% 12,43% 12,04% 13,68% 2,83% 4,55% 1,90% 4,40%
90-109 608,66 565,69 7,06% 21,07% 27,16% 9,56% 10,58% 10,72% 12,84% 1,54% 4,31% 0,78% 1,44%
110-129 706,46 655,59 7,20% 15,14% 33,31% 13,70% 9,42% 7,54% 10,79% 1,84% 4,22% 0,27% 3,77%
130-150 676,91 634,60 6,25% 16,81% 36,01% 13,97% 9,60% 8,70% 7,68% 1,52% 2,83% 0,00% 2,87%
>150 819,39 767,77 6,30% 13,70% 26,03% 13,73% 8,15% 6,09% 24,10% 2,29% 2,17% 2,30% 1,42%
MAPA (2006)
Distribución del número de horas trabajadas por tipo de función (% )
Intervalo de 2006 1996
potencia del Toma de Trabajos Trabajos Toma de Trabajos Trabajos
tractor (CV) fuerza pesados ligeros fuerza pesados ligeros
(a) (b) (c) (a) (b) (c)
<30 34,43% 29,34% 36,23% 37,14% 29,43% 32,82%
30-49 39,85% 31,87% 28,27% 34,97% 34,61% 30,42%
50-69 35,79% 30,79% 33,43% 35,26% 34,16% 30,58%
70-89 40,97% 30,52% 28,51% 31,70% 37,23% 31,07%
90-109 35,68% 32,24% 32,07% 25,68% 42,92% 31,40%
110-129 29,60% 37,79% 32,61% 27,50% 43,14% 29,36%
130-150 27,50% 38,84% 33,66% 19,48% 46,94% 33,58%
>150 40,64% 30,51% 27,43% 12,43% 57,47% 30,10%
39. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima VIII
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
40. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima IX
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Sin considerar pérdidas de rodadura
41. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima X
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
42. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima XI
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
43. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima XII
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Considerando pérdidas de rodadura
44. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima XIII
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
45. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima XIV
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
46. Tesis doctoral Eficiencia transmisión potencia máxima XV
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
181 tractores cj vs cjt:
• Influencia de la transmisión: 6,68%
181 tractores distintos cjt:
• Influencia de la resistencia a la
rodadura: 4%
47. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Reuniones OCDE
•Reunión grupo de trabajo de tractores de la OCDE.
Gross Umstadt (Alemania), mayo 2006
•Reunión grupo de trabajo de tractores de la OCDE.
Bolonia (Italia) , noviembre 2006
•Asamblea
Difusión
general de la OCDE. París
(Francia), febrero 2007
48. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Congresos
•3º CONGRESO DE AGROINGENIERÍA. ETSIA de León;
del 21 al 24 de septiembre de 2005
•ASABE ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING. Portland
(EEUU); del 9 al 12 de julio de 2006
•CURSO DE FORMACIÓN DE FORMADORES sobre
Ahorro y Eficiencia Energética en Agricultura. IDAE
(Madrid); días 13 y 14 de diciembre de 2006
Difusión
•CONGRESO AGENG 2006. Bonn (Alemania), del 3 al
7 de septiembre de 2006
•ASABE ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING.
Minneapolis (EEUU); del 17 al 20 de junio 2007
•4º CONGRESO DE AGROINGENIERÍA. ETSIA de
Albacete; del 4 al 6 de septiembre de 2007
49. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Web I
www.idae.es
http://www.idae.es/central.asp?m=p015096&t=1
Difusión
50. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Web II
www.mapa.es/es/agricult
ura/pags/maquinariaagric
ola/renovacion.htm
Difusión
51. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Desarrollo
Desarrollo clasificación
clasificación energética
energética
Desarrollo Estudio
Estudio Desarrollo características
índices motor
características índices motor transmisión
( cjt y ckt)
motor ( cg, cj y ck)
Datos Eficiencia Modelo energético
Eficiencia del motor
eficiencia transmisión
motor global
OCDE potencia máxima
Comparación Desarrollo
Estudio óptimos
óptimo vs global índice
energéticos
( cqt, cjt y ckt ) ( cqt)
52. Tesis doctoral
Modelo energético del motor global I
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
180
160
140
120
Potencia (kW)
100
Zona de funcionamiento
80 del motor a cargas parciales
60
40
Ralentí
20
0
800 1050 1300 1550 1800 2050 2300
Régimen (rev/min)
53. Tesis doctoral
Modelo energético del motor global II
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Potencia máxima
Carga máxima
54. Tesis doctoral
Modelo energético del motor global III
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
55. Tesis doctoral
Modelo energético del motor global VI
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
180
160
Regulador
140
120
Potencia (kW)
100
80 Nominal
60 Poly. (Nominal)
40
20
0
2150 2200 2250 2300
Régimen (rev/min)
56. Tesis doctoral
Modelo energético del motor global IV
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Regulador
57. Tesis doctoral
Modelo energético del motor global V
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
58. Tesis doctoral
Modelo energético del motor global VII
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Regulador 100-85% par nominal
100, 99, 97, 89 y 85 % regulador
59. Tesis doctoral
Modelo energético del motor global VIII
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
120 Cargas parciales
100
80 Curva de potencia máxima
Potencia (kW)
60 Zona de actuación del
regulador
Cargas parciales a régimen
40 normalizado de la tdf
Puntos nuevos introducidos
por la OCDE en el 2005
20
0
750 1250 1750 2250
Régimen (rev/min)
60. Tesis doctoral
Modelo energético del motor global IX
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
30
25
y = 0,238x + 6,865
R² = 0,999 Puntos 3 y 4
DLG
20 y = 0,239x + 5,104
Consumo (L/h)
R² = 0,999
Puntos 5 y 6
15 DLG
y = 0,245x + 2,050
10 Régimen
R² = 0,999
normalizado tdf
5
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Potencia (kW)
61. Tesis doctoral
Modelo energético del motor global X
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Pendiente
0.246
0.245
0.244
0.243
Pendiente
0.242
0.241
0.240
0.239 y = 0.00000001x2 - 0.00002740x + 0.27148982
0.238 R² = 1.00000000
0.237
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Régimen (rev/min)
Intersección
8
7 y = 0.34848e0.00135x
6 R² = 0.99926
Constante
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Régimen (rev/min)
62. Tesis doctoral
Modelo energético del motor global XI
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Cargas parciales
Consumo real (L/h)
63. Tesis doctoral
Modelo energético del motor global XII
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Ralentí
64. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Desarrollo
Desarrollo clasificación
clasificación energética
energética
Desarrollo Estudio
Estudio Desarrollo características
índices motor
características índices motor transmisión
( cjt y ckt)
motor ( cg, cj y ck)
Datos Eficiencia Modelo energético
Eficiencia del motor
eficiencia transmisión
motor global
OCDE potencia máxima
Comparación Desarrollo
Estudio óptimos
óptimo vs global índice
energéticos
( cqt, cjt y ckt ) ( cqt)
65. Tesis doctoral
Estudio óptimos energéticos I
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
4
3.5
Motor
Eficiencia (kWh/L)
3
2.5
Tractor ensayo a la barra
2
1.5
1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Velocidad teórica de avance (km/h)
66. Tesis doctoral
Estudio óptimos energéticos I
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
4
3.5
Media de 143 óptimos = índice cqt
Eficiencia (kWh/L)
3
2.5
y = 0.00247x3 - 0.07432x2 + 0.71053x + 0.75115
R² = 0.99126
2
1.5
1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Velocidad teórica de avance (km/h)
67. Tesis doctoral
Estudio óptimos energéticos II
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Eficiencia máxima
68. Tesis doctoral
Estudio óptimos energéticos III
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Eficiencia máxima Hi-Lo
69. Tesis doctoral
Estudio óptimos energéticos IV
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Eficiencia máxima motor
70. Tesis doctoral
Estudio óptimos energéticos V
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Eficiencia máxima transmisión
71. Tesis doctoral
Estudio óptimos energéticos VI
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Eficiencia mínima
72. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
Desarrollo
Desarrollo clasificación
clasificación energética
energética
Desarrollo Estudio
Estudio Desarrollo características
índices motor
características índices motor transmisión
( cjt y ckt)
motor ( cg, cj y ck)
Datos Eficiencia Modelo energético
Eficiencia del motor
eficiencia transmisión
motor global
OCDE potencia máxima
Comparación Desarrollo
Estudio óptimos
óptimo vs global índice
energéticos
( cqt, cjt y ckt ) ( cqt)
73. Tesis doctoral Comparación óptimo vs global ( cqt, cjt y ckt ) I
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
ckt (L/kWh)
cqt -1(L/kWh)
74. Tesis doctoral Comparación óptimo vs global ( cqt, cjt y ckt ) II
Víctor Gil Quirós
Metodología y resultados
cjt (L/kWh)
cqt -1(L/kWh)
75. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Conclusiones generales
• Es posible clasificar los tractores agrícolas en función
de su eficiencia energética
• Los ensayos OCDE aportan datos suficientes para el
estudio de la eficiencia energética
Conclusiones
• El índice cjt y la potencia nominal son valores válidos
para una clasificación energética de tractores
• La carga condiciona el tipo de caja de cambios más
eficiente
• No existe ninguna forma de estimar el consumo
específico medio de un tractor sin ensayos
76. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Eficiencia motor
• R2= entre cj y cg, relación alta
• Ninguna característica estudiada define el
comportamiento energético del tractor
Conclusiones
• ↑ 80% de potencia nominal las diferencias
entre distintos puntos de funcionamiento
aumentan con el ↓ de la potencia
nominal y ↑ de la eficiencia del motor
• R2=0,75 entre cj y ck , relación alta
77. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Eficiencia transmisión
• A potencia máxima. ↑↑ bajo carga total y ↓↓
Hi-Lo
• CVT ↑↑ eficiencia transmisión + gestión
Conclusiones
electrónica = ↑↑ eficiencia
• Sin diferencias en el óptimo de rendimiento
transmisión 5-14 km/h
• No considerar la resistencia de rodadura genera
diferencias ficticias en ηv
• No influye el nº de marchas
78. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Clasificaciones energéticas
• Para 181 la mejor clasificación se
compone de 7 categorías, con una
Conclusiones
amplitud del 7%. Para cjt y la potencia
nominal
• El motor es el factor más influyente
79. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Modelo comportamiento motor
• Polinómicas de 3º grado para potencia
máxima y zona de actuación del
Conclusiones
regulador
• Válido para cargas parciales
• Presenta diferencias “a ralentí”
80. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Modelo energético tractor
• El impacto negativo de un motor poco
eficiente puede ser suavizado con una
transmisión muy eficiente
Conclusiones
• En cajas de cambio de tipo Hi-Lo la eficiencia
en la transmisión a cargas parciales puede ser
↑ que a máxima
• La eficiencia energética más o menos
constante entre 6 y 14 km/h (velocidad
teórica)
81. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Comparación entre índices
• Existe una gran afinidad de los índices ckt (R2=0,74)
y cjt (R2=0,67) con el índice cqt
• Las diferencias existentes entre estos índices se
Conclusiones
deben a los distintos objetivos de los índices
• La afinidad entre estos índices aumenta su validez
• El índice ckt es más representativo de la eficiencia
energética del tractor que cjt, por el mayor intervalo
de régimen representado y su mayor afinidad con
el índice cqt
82. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Trabajos futuros
• Establecer una metodología de ensayo específica para
la eficiencia energética de un tractor y clasificación de
un tractor
• Estudiar la posibilidad de emplear datos de eficiencia
Conclusiones
energética de otros ensayos como el establecido en la
directiva 97/68/CE de emisiones de carácter
obligatorio
• Comprobar los coeficientes de rodadura propuestos
para las distintas estaciones de ensayo OCDE
• Relacionar los datos de campo con los que se
obtienen en función de esta tesis a partir de los
ensayos OCDE
83. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós
• Degrell, O. and T. Feuerstein. 2005. DLG PowerMix – ein praxisorientierter Traktorentest
“Testzyklen”. Conference Agricultural Engineering VDI-Meg. Tagung Hannover 4-5 novembre 2005
• Golverk, A. A. 1995. Diesel engine performance maps under variable loadings. Internal Conmustion
Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASME. Marietta (OH), abril 1995
• Grisso, R.; M. F. Kocher and D. H. Vaughan. 2004. Predicting tractor fuel consumption. Applied
Engineering in Agriculture 20(5): 553-561
• Gruppo, G.; M. Cutini, C. Altieri y C. Bisaglia. 2005. CVT o Power-Shift? Due transmissioni alla prova.
Macchina e Motori Agricoli, nº 11 2005, páginas 105-108
• Harris, H. D. 1992. Prediction of tractor engine performance using OCDE standard test data. Journal
Bibliografía
of Agricultural Engineering Research 53: 181-193
• Ressia, J. M.; G. F. Botta y M. E. De Simone. 1996. Consumo de combustible del tractor en relación a
las curvas características del motor y a su transmisión. Congreso Argentino de Ingeniería Rural.
www.unlu.edu.ar/~maqagro/CADIR_96.pdf (disponible on line). Buenos Aires
• Siemens, J.C. and W. W. Bowers. 1999. Machinery management: how to select machinery to fit the
real needs of farm managers. Farm Business Management (FMB) series, John Deere Publishing, East
Moline, IL
• Souza, E. G. de; E. M. Almeida and L. F. Milanez. 1991. Overall efficiency of tractors on concrete.
Transactions of the ASAE 34(6): 2333-2339
• ASABE Standards 2005. 52ª edition. ASABE. St. Joseph (Michigan)
• ISO Standard 15550: Internal Combustión Engines-Determination and method for the measurement
of engine power-General requirements, 2002
84. Tesis doctoral
Víctor Gil Quirós Publicaciones
•Víctor Gil Quirós, Jaime Ortiz-Cañavate, Jacinto Gil
Sierra CLASIFICACIÓN ENERGÉTICA DE LOS
TRACTORES VENDIDOS EN ESPAÑA. Vida Rural. 15
de septiembre de 2006.
•Jacinto Gil Sierra, Jaime Ortiz Cañavate, Víctor Gil
Difusión
Quirós, Jesús Casanova Kindelán. ENERGY
EFFICIENCY IN AGRICULTURAL TRACTORS. A
METHODOLOGY FOR THEIR CLASSIFICATION. Applied
Engineering in Agriculture (incluida en SCI). 2007