Human toxicity, environmental impact and legal implications of water fluorida...Declan Waugh
This technical report submitted to the Government of Ireland and the European Commission examines the human toxicity, environmental impacts, and legal implications of water fluoridation. The report finds health risks to humans from fluoride including increased risks of bone fractures, cancer, neurological impairments, and low calcium levels. It also finds environmental risks from fluoride as a water and soil pollutant that impacts fisheries. The report expresses concerns about inadequate risk assessment of fluoride for human consumption and calls for further research on fluoride's toxicity.
Francisco Villa, también conocido como Pancho Villa, era un campesino y revolucionario mexicano que luchó contra la desigualdad y el maltrato de los campesinos por parte de los terratenientes. Aunque inicialmente era un bandolero, Villa se unió a la revolución mexicana y se convirtió en uno de los revolucionarios más importantes. Villa provenía de una familia campesina pobre y experimentó primero el maltrato y la injusticia que sufrían los campesinos a manos de los hacendados. Más tarde, se convirtió en una
Health, safety and environmental introduction v2.1LewisHunt
This document provides an introduction to health and safety. It notes that over 200 people are killed at work each year in the UK and injuries occur frequently. Both employers and employees are responsible for health and safety. Employers want to avoid legal issues, damage to reputation, and financial costs from injuries. The document outlines what to do in the event of a fire, including activating alarms, evacuating buildings, and assembling at designated points. It also covers first aid procedures and reporting incidents and near misses. Employers have legal duties to provide a safe working environment and training, while employees must take care of their own safety and others.
1. Corrosion is the degradation of materials like steel through chemical or electrochemical reaction with surrounding media like water and oxygen, forming rust (iron hydroxide).
2. Several types of corrosion are described, including uniform corrosion, galvanic corrosion, crevice corrosion, pitting corrosion, erosion corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, fatigue corrosion, and microbiologically influenced corrosion.
3. Methods to mitigate corrosion include protective coatings like paint and cathodic protection systems that use sacrificial anodes or impressed current to redirect corrosion to the anode from the protected structure. Surface preparation, coating selection, application, and achieving the proper dry film thickness are important.
Tx2 will release one new technical innovation per month, including an intranet called WarWare Online for clan affairs and server status. WarWare Desktop will provide a live feed of upcoming matches and authentication system for Windows, with a potential Mac version. A new PHP/MySQL/Java/jQuery based online chat may be ported to WarWare Desktop but will not replace the public chat. Tx2 members will have access to details of a private ioUrT/ioQ3 mod server through the private forum.
Al-Khodari Industrial Trading & Services specializes in process installations for handling dry and liquid materials. They provide expertise in corrosion issues related to various industrial processes. The document discusses various types of corrosion such as pitting, crevice, stress corrosion cracking, and microbiologically influenced corrosion. It also addresses factors that influence corrosion such as material composition, water chemistry, stagnation, and microorganisms. Pictures of a reverse osmosis skid show evidence of pitting, crevice, contact and microbiologically influenced corrosion. The conclusions warn that unpredictable accelerated corrosion can occur under the right conditions.
Technical Innovations powering Business InnovationsPatriek Karayil
National Instruments is a leader in computer-based measurement and automation with over 4300 employees worldwide. To power business innovations, NI implemented three technical innovations to their website over a period of several months. The innovations included faceted/guided navigation to organize large amounts of technical content and product information, dynamic content reuse and linking to integrate related materials, and a knowledge management system to provide a 360 degree view of customer accounts across 25 disparate systems. These innovations improved key metrics like visits, orders, and search referrals by implementing an enterprise search platform that utilizes consistent categorization, metadata enrichment, and a content repository.
Human toxicity, environmental impact and legal implications of water fluorida...Declan Waugh
This technical report submitted to the Government of Ireland and the European Commission examines the human toxicity, environmental impacts, and legal implications of water fluoridation. The report finds health risks to humans from fluoride including increased risks of bone fractures, cancer, neurological impairments, and low calcium levels. It also finds environmental risks from fluoride as a water and soil pollutant that impacts fisheries. The report expresses concerns about inadequate risk assessment of fluoride for human consumption and calls for further research on fluoride's toxicity.
Francisco Villa, también conocido como Pancho Villa, era un campesino y revolucionario mexicano que luchó contra la desigualdad y el maltrato de los campesinos por parte de los terratenientes. Aunque inicialmente era un bandolero, Villa se unió a la revolución mexicana y se convirtió en uno de los revolucionarios más importantes. Villa provenía de una familia campesina pobre y experimentó primero el maltrato y la injusticia que sufrían los campesinos a manos de los hacendados. Más tarde, se convirtió en una
Health, safety and environmental introduction v2.1LewisHunt
This document provides an introduction to health and safety. It notes that over 200 people are killed at work each year in the UK and injuries occur frequently. Both employers and employees are responsible for health and safety. Employers want to avoid legal issues, damage to reputation, and financial costs from injuries. The document outlines what to do in the event of a fire, including activating alarms, evacuating buildings, and assembling at designated points. It also covers first aid procedures and reporting incidents and near misses. Employers have legal duties to provide a safe working environment and training, while employees must take care of their own safety and others.
1. Corrosion is the degradation of materials like steel through chemical or electrochemical reaction with surrounding media like water and oxygen, forming rust (iron hydroxide).
2. Several types of corrosion are described, including uniform corrosion, galvanic corrosion, crevice corrosion, pitting corrosion, erosion corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, fatigue corrosion, and microbiologically influenced corrosion.
3. Methods to mitigate corrosion include protective coatings like paint and cathodic protection systems that use sacrificial anodes or impressed current to redirect corrosion to the anode from the protected structure. Surface preparation, coating selection, application, and achieving the proper dry film thickness are important.
Tx2 will release one new technical innovation per month, including an intranet called WarWare Online for clan affairs and server status. WarWare Desktop will provide a live feed of upcoming matches and authentication system for Windows, with a potential Mac version. A new PHP/MySQL/Java/jQuery based online chat may be ported to WarWare Desktop but will not replace the public chat. Tx2 members will have access to details of a private ioUrT/ioQ3 mod server through the private forum.
Al-Khodari Industrial Trading & Services specializes in process installations for handling dry and liquid materials. They provide expertise in corrosion issues related to various industrial processes. The document discusses various types of corrosion such as pitting, crevice, stress corrosion cracking, and microbiologically influenced corrosion. It also addresses factors that influence corrosion such as material composition, water chemistry, stagnation, and microorganisms. Pictures of a reverse osmosis skid show evidence of pitting, crevice, contact and microbiologically influenced corrosion. The conclusions warn that unpredictable accelerated corrosion can occur under the right conditions.
Technical Innovations powering Business InnovationsPatriek Karayil
National Instruments is a leader in computer-based measurement and automation with over 4300 employees worldwide. To power business innovations, NI implemented three technical innovations to their website over a period of several months. The innovations included faceted/guided navigation to organize large amounts of technical content and product information, dynamic content reuse and linking to integrate related materials, and a knowledge management system to provide a 360 degree view of customer accounts across 25 disparate systems. These innovations improved key metrics like visits, orders, and search referrals by implementing an enterprise search platform that utilizes consistent categorization, metadata enrichment, and a content repository.
The document discusses electricity safety and provides information on various safety devices used in homes. It explains that fuses and circuit breakers are used to prevent overloads and fires, with circuit breakers having the advantage of being reusable. Earth wires are important for appliance safety to prevent electric shocks. The document also cautions against illegal electricity connections, noting they are dangerous and a form of theft.
Corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete is an electrochemical process that results in rust formation and expansion, which can crack and delaminate the concrete over time. The main causes of corrosion are chlorides and carbonation. Chlorides from deicing salts or seawater can penetrate the concrete and destroy the protective oxide layer on the steel. Carbonation occurs when carbon dioxide penetrates the concrete and raises its acidity, also damaging the protective layer. Common methods to protect reinforcement include using epoxy or zinc coatings on the steel, adding corrosion inhibitors to the concrete mix, or installing galvanic or impressed current anode systems that divert corrosion to the more easily corroded anode material.
Health, safety and environmental hazards in Agriculture SectorAnkur Sharma
The document discusses health, safety, and environmental hazards in the agriculture industry. It notes that agriculture employs a large portion of the population but also exposes workers to various risks. It outlines physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, and other hazards including those from machinery, noise, vibration, extreme temperatures, livestock, pesticides, and poor housing/sanitation. The document emphasizes prevention through elimination, substitution, and engineering controls before use of personal protective equipment. It provides examples of hazard identification techniques like body mapping and discusses issues like manual handling, confined spaces, and ergonomics.
The document discusses cathodic protection methods for corrosion control. It describes two main types of cathodic protection - sacrificial anode and impressed current. Sacrificial anode uses more reactive metals like zinc or aluminum as anodes, while impressed current uses an external DC power source and insoluble anodes like graphite. Common applications include protecting pipelines, ships, and marine structures. Issues that can arise include hydrogen embrittlement, cathodic disbonding, and safety concerns with rectifiers.
1. Corrosion is an electrochemical process involving oxidation and reduction reactions. It requires an anode, cathode, electrolyte, and an electrically conducting path.
2. At the anode, iron oxidizes to ferrous ions which then react with hydroxyl ions from the cathode to form iron hydroxide and iron oxide. The products occupy more volume than the original steel causing stresses in the concrete.
3. Chlorides from deicing salts or seawater can destroy the protective oxide layer and accelerate corrosion. Carbonation reduces concrete's alkalinity allowing the protective layer to break down.
Stainless steel is an alloy of iron, chromium, and other elements that is resistant to corrosion due to the formation of a passive chromium oxide layer on its surface. There are several types of stainless steel including austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, and duplex grades. Austenitic stainless steel like 304 is the most commonly used due to its corrosion resistance, toughness, and ductility. Stainless steel can still corrode through various mechanisms like pitting, crevice, galvanic, and stress corrosion cracking if the protective oxide layer is compromised. Alloying elements like chromium, nickel, molybdenum increase corrosion resistance by stabilizing the passive layer.
corrosion and protection of steel reinforced c...Emad Behdad
Corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete is an electrochemical process that occurs when oxygen, water and chlorides penetrate the concrete and reach the steel. It results in rust formation which expands and cracks the concrete. Chlorides from deicing salts or seawater and carbonation are the primary causes of corrosion. Methods to prevent corrosion include using epoxy-coated rebar, thermally sprayed zinc or aluminum coatings, fly ash concrete, cathodic protection systems, and corrosion inhibitors. Titanium mesh anodes can provide cathodic protection without needing power sources.
La fase luminosa, fase clara, fase fotoquímica o reacción de Hill es la primera fase de la fotosíntesis, que depende directamente de la luz o energía lumínica para poder obtener energía química en forma de ATP y NADPH, a partir de la disociación de moléculas de agua, formando oxígeno e hidrógeno.
El Medio Ambiente(concientizar nuestra realidad)govesofsofi
Este pequeño trabajo tiene como intención concientizar sobre el medio ambiente...menciona las "famosas" islas de basuras y unos jóvenes que intentaron cambiar la realidad de la contaminación, pero como sabemos...no basta con uno o dos para poder lograr grandes cambios, se necesita de todos para poder lograr los. Roma no fue grande a causa de una sola persona...
The document discusses electricity safety and provides information on various safety devices used in homes. It explains that fuses and circuit breakers are used to prevent overloads and fires, with circuit breakers having the advantage of being reusable. Earth wires are important for appliance safety to prevent electric shocks. The document also cautions against illegal electricity connections, noting they are dangerous and a form of theft.
Corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete is an electrochemical process that results in rust formation and expansion, which can crack and delaminate the concrete over time. The main causes of corrosion are chlorides and carbonation. Chlorides from deicing salts or seawater can penetrate the concrete and destroy the protective oxide layer on the steel. Carbonation occurs when carbon dioxide penetrates the concrete and raises its acidity, also damaging the protective layer. Common methods to protect reinforcement include using epoxy or zinc coatings on the steel, adding corrosion inhibitors to the concrete mix, or installing galvanic or impressed current anode systems that divert corrosion to the more easily corroded anode material.
Health, safety and environmental hazards in Agriculture SectorAnkur Sharma
The document discusses health, safety, and environmental hazards in the agriculture industry. It notes that agriculture employs a large portion of the population but also exposes workers to various risks. It outlines physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, and other hazards including those from machinery, noise, vibration, extreme temperatures, livestock, pesticides, and poor housing/sanitation. The document emphasizes prevention through elimination, substitution, and engineering controls before use of personal protective equipment. It provides examples of hazard identification techniques like body mapping and discusses issues like manual handling, confined spaces, and ergonomics.
The document discusses cathodic protection methods for corrosion control. It describes two main types of cathodic protection - sacrificial anode and impressed current. Sacrificial anode uses more reactive metals like zinc or aluminum as anodes, while impressed current uses an external DC power source and insoluble anodes like graphite. Common applications include protecting pipelines, ships, and marine structures. Issues that can arise include hydrogen embrittlement, cathodic disbonding, and safety concerns with rectifiers.
1. Corrosion is an electrochemical process involving oxidation and reduction reactions. It requires an anode, cathode, electrolyte, and an electrically conducting path.
2. At the anode, iron oxidizes to ferrous ions which then react with hydroxyl ions from the cathode to form iron hydroxide and iron oxide. The products occupy more volume than the original steel causing stresses in the concrete.
3. Chlorides from deicing salts or seawater can destroy the protective oxide layer and accelerate corrosion. Carbonation reduces concrete's alkalinity allowing the protective layer to break down.
Stainless steel is an alloy of iron, chromium, and other elements that is resistant to corrosion due to the formation of a passive chromium oxide layer on its surface. There are several types of stainless steel including austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, and duplex grades. Austenitic stainless steel like 304 is the most commonly used due to its corrosion resistance, toughness, and ductility. Stainless steel can still corrode through various mechanisms like pitting, crevice, galvanic, and stress corrosion cracking if the protective oxide layer is compromised. Alloying elements like chromium, nickel, molybdenum increase corrosion resistance by stabilizing the passive layer.
corrosion and protection of steel reinforced c...Emad Behdad
Corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete is an electrochemical process that occurs when oxygen, water and chlorides penetrate the concrete and reach the steel. It results in rust formation which expands and cracks the concrete. Chlorides from deicing salts or seawater and carbonation are the primary causes of corrosion. Methods to prevent corrosion include using epoxy-coated rebar, thermally sprayed zinc or aluminum coatings, fly ash concrete, cathodic protection systems, and corrosion inhibitors. Titanium mesh anodes can provide cathodic protection without needing power sources.
La fase luminosa, fase clara, fase fotoquímica o reacción de Hill es la primera fase de la fotosíntesis, que depende directamente de la luz o energía lumínica para poder obtener energía química en forma de ATP y NADPH, a partir de la disociación de moléculas de agua, formando oxígeno e hidrógeno.
El Medio Ambiente(concientizar nuestra realidad)govesofsofi
Este pequeño trabajo tiene como intención concientizar sobre el medio ambiente...menciona las "famosas" islas de basuras y unos jóvenes que intentaron cambiar la realidad de la contaminación, pero como sabemos...no basta con uno o dos para poder lograr grandes cambios, se necesita de todos para poder lograr los. Roma no fue grande a causa de una sola persona...