Heat exchange characteristics between hot and cold water as well as cold air and hot water have been investigated in a finned tube heat exchanger. The exchanger was operated in both parallel and counter-flow modes. For water-water heat exchange, the tube side (hot water) fluid flow rate was varied to observe the effects on heating the cold water. Conversely, for air-water system, the shell side (cold air) flow rate was varied to evaluate the cooling effectiveness of air in the finned tube exchanger. COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 was used to simulate the system in 3-D mode, and the temperature profiles along with heat flux and velocity streamlines were evaluated. The NTU and effectiveness for varying fluid flow rates for both water-water and air-water systems were calculated. NTU values were considerably higher for air-water heat exchange and showed a decreasing trend with increasing fluid flow rate. To ascertain the reliability of the simulation models, the experimental and simulated results were compared. To evaluate the performance of the fins, the fin efficiencies and effectivenesses were calculated and the values were notably higher in case of air-water system. This is consistent with established literature. Also, increasing shell-side fluid flow rate led to a reduction in fin efficiency and effectiveness, which is again consistent with literature.
Analysis on thermal performance of Co3O4 Nanofluid in heat exchangerHrishikesh725754
Final year mechanical engineering project presentation. Findings obtained through simulations, using ANSYS. Modelling done using SolidWorks. Tabulated results and graphical representation of results portraying comparison to performance of Al2O3 nanofluid in same model.
This work deals with a study on the laminar convective heat flow of a homemade air condition ing unit through a computational fluid dynamics simulation. With adoption of chilled water as the working fluid within a tube section of the evaporative compartment of the homemade air conditioner whose radius is 5mm and Height 20mm .The numerical analysis was carried out using COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS.Simulation was carried out, using (276𝐾 (3°C) as the inlet temperature and 293𝐾 (20°C) as the outlet temperature with a flow rate of 0.15 m3 ⁄ s. The result showed the velocity profile of the working fluid and the temperature distribution before, during and after heat exchange, helping to achieve a Visual understanding of the Laminar convective fluid and heat flow phenomena within the cooling coil.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF EXERGY IN A CORRUGATED PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERIAEME Publication
In the present work an attempt has been made to investigate the performance of a 3 channel 1-1 pass, corrugated plate heat exchanger. The plates had sinusoidal wavy surfaces with corrugation angle of 450. Hot water at different inlet temperature ranging from 400C to 600C was made to flow in the central channel to get cooled by water in the outer channels.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Modelling and Simulation of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Using different Typ...IJMREMJournal
The shell and tube type of heat exchanger module is to be used for simulation study of various fluid systems on
rate of heat transfer. The ionic fluids are used to see the difference in outlet temperature of fluid as compared to
reference fluid. The cooling fluid is made by adding various amounts of solutes to water and the effect is observed
on rate. Also suggestions are made on the nature of heat transfer, rate of heat transfer and improved effectiveness
in the rate of heat transfer as compared to the normal process. The conclusions are made about the best simulated
results obtain from Chemcad software on rate of heat transfer.
Modelling and Simulation of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Using different Typ...IJMREMJournal
The shell and tube type of heat exchanger module is to be used for simulation study of various fluid systems on rate of heat transfer. The ionic fluids are used to see the difference in outlet temperature of fluid as compared to reference fluid. The cooling fluid is made by adding various amounts of solutes to water and the effect is observed on rate. Also suggestions are made on the nature of heat transfer, rate of heat transfer and improved effectiveness in the rate of heat transfer as compared to the normal process. The conclusions are made about the best simulated results obtain from Chemcad software on rate of heat transfer.
Analysis on thermal performance of Co3O4 Nanofluid in heat exchangerHrishikesh725754
Final year mechanical engineering project presentation. Findings obtained through simulations, using ANSYS. Modelling done using SolidWorks. Tabulated results and graphical representation of results portraying comparison to performance of Al2O3 nanofluid in same model.
This work deals with a study on the laminar convective heat flow of a homemade air condition ing unit through a computational fluid dynamics simulation. With adoption of chilled water as the working fluid within a tube section of the evaporative compartment of the homemade air conditioner whose radius is 5mm and Height 20mm .The numerical analysis was carried out using COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS.Simulation was carried out, using (276𝐾 (3°C) as the inlet temperature and 293𝐾 (20°C) as the outlet temperature with a flow rate of 0.15 m3 ⁄ s. The result showed the velocity profile of the working fluid and the temperature distribution before, during and after heat exchange, helping to achieve a Visual understanding of the Laminar convective fluid and heat flow phenomena within the cooling coil.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF EXERGY IN A CORRUGATED PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERIAEME Publication
In the present work an attempt has been made to investigate the performance of a 3 channel 1-1 pass, corrugated plate heat exchanger. The plates had sinusoidal wavy surfaces with corrugation angle of 450. Hot water at different inlet temperature ranging from 400C to 600C was made to flow in the central channel to get cooled by water in the outer channels.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Modelling and Simulation of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Using different Typ...IJMREMJournal
The shell and tube type of heat exchanger module is to be used for simulation study of various fluid systems on
rate of heat transfer. The ionic fluids are used to see the difference in outlet temperature of fluid as compared to
reference fluid. The cooling fluid is made by adding various amounts of solutes to water and the effect is observed
on rate. Also suggestions are made on the nature of heat transfer, rate of heat transfer and improved effectiveness
in the rate of heat transfer as compared to the normal process. The conclusions are made about the best simulated
results obtain from Chemcad software on rate of heat transfer.
Modelling and Simulation of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Using different Typ...IJMREMJournal
The shell and tube type of heat exchanger module is to be used for simulation study of various fluid systems on rate of heat transfer. The ionic fluids are used to see the difference in outlet temperature of fluid as compared to reference fluid. The cooling fluid is made by adding various amounts of solutes to water and the effect is observed on rate. Also suggestions are made on the nature of heat transfer, rate of heat transfer and improved effectiveness in the rate of heat transfer as compared to the normal process. The conclusions are made about the best simulated results obtain from Chemcad software on rate of heat transfer.
THE EFFECT OF GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS ON HEAT TRANSFER AND HYDRO DYNAMICAL CHA...ijmech
Compact size and high heat transfer coefficient of helical coil heat exchangers causes them to have an
important role in various industrial applications. This paper investigate numerically on the influence of
different parameters such as coil radius, coil pitch and diameter of tube on the hydrodynamic and
heat transfer characteristics of helical double tube heat exchangers using the CFD software which is
based on the principles of heat transfer, fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. The results indicated that
heat transfer augmentation occurs by increasing of the inner Dean Number, inner tube diameter, curvature
ratio and by the reduction of the pitch of heat exchanger coil. By increasing the radius of coils, the
secondary flow effects due to centrifugal forces diminishes and flow of fluid through the coils tends to flow
in a straight path and as a result, the friction coefficient decreases consequently.
An Experimental Research on Heat Transfer Enhancement of a Circular Tube with...IRJESJOURNAL
ABSTRACT:- In the literature, internal tube baffles are widely studied. There is a lack of data for baffles mounted on outside of the tubes. This study aims to fill this gap. Therefore, the effect of baffle inclination angles on heat transfer improvement has been studied experimentally. The experiments were carried out for forced convection of air on a circular tube with inclined baffles. Air has been used as the cold fluid. Experimental results for eight different velocities of air flow (2 – 20 m/s) are presented. Pitch between baffles is 12 mm.The baffle inclination angles with respect to the tube axis were 45º, 60º and 80º. Water temperature is fixed as 65 °C. According to the experimental results, the baffles with an inclination angle of 45º enhance the heat transfer over 60º and 80º around 13.7 % and 10.5 %, respectively. However, pressure drop values for 45º and 60º are 18 % higher than pressure drop values for 80º. The empirical correlations of the Nusselt number have also been obtained for each angle.
Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer Enhancement in Pipe-inPipe Helical Coiled...iosrjce
These paper focuses on the effect of the inside tubes at constant value of mass flow rate and variation
of annulus mass flow rate on effect of Dean Number and overall heat transfer coefficient with constant wall
temperature, CFD analysis of a helically coiled heat exchanger. Also deals with the effect of Dean Number with
respect to Reynolds Number and Nusselt Number and Overall Heat Transfer coefficient on change of coil
configuration of helically coiled tube. The particular difference in this study in comparison with the other
similar studies was the boundary conditions for the helical coils. The results indicate that with the decrease the
inner coil diameter, the overall heat transfer coefficient is increased
Heat Transfer Analysis of Refrigerant Flow in an Evaporator TubeIJMER
the paper aim is to presenting the heat transfer analysis of refrigerant flow in an evaporator
tube is done. The main objective of this paper is to find the length of the evaporator tube for a pre-defined
refrigerant inlet state such that the refrigerant at the tube outlet is superheated. The problem involves
refrigerant flowing inside a straight, horizontal copper tube over which water is in cross flow. Inlet
condition of the both fluids and evaporator tube detail except its length are specified. here pressure and
enthalpy at discrete points along the tube are calculated by using two-phase frictional pressure drop model.
Predicted values were compared using another different pressure drop model. A computer-code using
Turbo C has been developed for performing the entire calculation
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF LAMINAR NANOFLUID FLOW IN MICRO CHANNEL HEAT SINKS IAEME Publication
The effect of using nanofluids on heat transfer and aerodynamics characteristics in rectangular shaped micro channel heat sink (MCHS) is numerically investigated for Reynolds number range of (100-400 ) and different value of heat flux (50 , 100, 150 ) / . In this study,the MCHS performance using tow type of nanofluid with volume
fraction 10% was used as a coolant is examined. The three-dimensional steady, laminar flow and heat transfer governing equations are solved using The computational fluid dynamics code (FLUENT). The MCHS performance is evaluated in terms of temperature profile, heat transfer,velocity profile, pressure drop and friction factor.
Experimental and Exergy Analysis of A Double Pipe Heat Exchanger for Parallel...IJERA Editor
This paper presents For Experimental and Exergy Analysis of a Double Pipe Heat Exchanger for Parallel- flow Arrangement. The Double pipe heat exchanger is one of the Different types of heat exchangers. double-pipe exchanger because one fluid flows inside a pipe and the other fluid flows between that pipe and another pipe that surrounds the first.In a parallel flow, both the hot and cold fluids enter the Heatexchanger at same end andmove in same direction. The present work is taken up to carry experimental work and the exergy analysis based on second law analysis of a Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger. In experimental set up hot water and cold water will be used working fluids. The inlet Hot water will be varied from 40 0C and 50 0C and cold water temperature will be varied from between 15 and 20. It has been planned to find effects of the inlet condition of both working fluid flowing through the heat exchanger on the heat transfer characteristics, entropy generation, and Exergy loss. The Mathematical modelling of heat exchanger will based on the conservation equation of mass, energy and based on second law of thermodynamics to find entropy generation and exergy losses.
Study on Effect of Twisted Tape Insert Geometry in Heat Exchangerijtsrd
The heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat from hot fluid to cold fluid. The current research reviews existing work conducted in improving performance of heat exchanger by varying geometric profile, baffling space, baffling inclination and use of helical inserts. The existing researches were conducted using both experimental and numerical techniques. The effect of operational parameters on performance of heat exchanger is also presented. Deepak Bhoi | Sudhir Singh Rajput "Study on Effect of Twisted Tape Insert Geometry in Heat Exchanger" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49163.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/49163/study-on-effect-of-twisted-tape-insert-geometry-in-heat-exchanger/deepak-bhoi
THE EFFECT OF GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS ON HEAT TRANSFER AND HYDRO DYNAMICAL CHA...ijmech
Compact size and high heat transfer coefficient of helical coil heat exchangers causes them to have an
important role in various industrial applications. This paper investigate numerically on the influence of
different parameters such as coil radius, coil pitch and diameter of tube on the hydrodynamic and
heat transfer characteristics of helical double tube heat exchangers using the CFD software which is
based on the principles of heat transfer, fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. The results indicated that
heat transfer augmentation occurs by increasing of the inner Dean Number, inner tube diameter, curvature
ratio and by the reduction of the pitch of heat exchanger coil. By increasing the radius of coils, the
secondary flow effects due to centrifugal forces diminishes and flow of fluid through the coils tends to flow
in a straight path and as a result, the friction coefficient decreases consequently.
An Experimental Research on Heat Transfer Enhancement of a Circular Tube with...IRJESJOURNAL
ABSTRACT:- In the literature, internal tube baffles are widely studied. There is a lack of data for baffles mounted on outside of the tubes. This study aims to fill this gap. Therefore, the effect of baffle inclination angles on heat transfer improvement has been studied experimentally. The experiments were carried out for forced convection of air on a circular tube with inclined baffles. Air has been used as the cold fluid. Experimental results for eight different velocities of air flow (2 – 20 m/s) are presented. Pitch between baffles is 12 mm.The baffle inclination angles with respect to the tube axis were 45º, 60º and 80º. Water temperature is fixed as 65 °C. According to the experimental results, the baffles with an inclination angle of 45º enhance the heat transfer over 60º and 80º around 13.7 % and 10.5 %, respectively. However, pressure drop values for 45º and 60º are 18 % higher than pressure drop values for 80º. The empirical correlations of the Nusselt number have also been obtained for each angle.
Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer Enhancement in Pipe-inPipe Helical Coiled...iosrjce
These paper focuses on the effect of the inside tubes at constant value of mass flow rate and variation
of annulus mass flow rate on effect of Dean Number and overall heat transfer coefficient with constant wall
temperature, CFD analysis of a helically coiled heat exchanger. Also deals with the effect of Dean Number with
respect to Reynolds Number and Nusselt Number and Overall Heat Transfer coefficient on change of coil
configuration of helically coiled tube. The particular difference in this study in comparison with the other
similar studies was the boundary conditions for the helical coils. The results indicate that with the decrease the
inner coil diameter, the overall heat transfer coefficient is increased
Heat Transfer Analysis of Refrigerant Flow in an Evaporator TubeIJMER
the paper aim is to presenting the heat transfer analysis of refrigerant flow in an evaporator
tube is done. The main objective of this paper is to find the length of the evaporator tube for a pre-defined
refrigerant inlet state such that the refrigerant at the tube outlet is superheated. The problem involves
refrigerant flowing inside a straight, horizontal copper tube over which water is in cross flow. Inlet
condition of the both fluids and evaporator tube detail except its length are specified. here pressure and
enthalpy at discrete points along the tube are calculated by using two-phase frictional pressure drop model.
Predicted values were compared using another different pressure drop model. A computer-code using
Turbo C has been developed for performing the entire calculation
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF LAMINAR NANOFLUID FLOW IN MICRO CHANNEL HEAT SINKS IAEME Publication
The effect of using nanofluids on heat transfer and aerodynamics characteristics in rectangular shaped micro channel heat sink (MCHS) is numerically investigated for Reynolds number range of (100-400 ) and different value of heat flux (50 , 100, 150 ) / . In this study,the MCHS performance using tow type of nanofluid with volume
fraction 10% was used as a coolant is examined. The three-dimensional steady, laminar flow and heat transfer governing equations are solved using The computational fluid dynamics code (FLUENT). The MCHS performance is evaluated in terms of temperature profile, heat transfer,velocity profile, pressure drop and friction factor.
Experimental and Exergy Analysis of A Double Pipe Heat Exchanger for Parallel...IJERA Editor
This paper presents For Experimental and Exergy Analysis of a Double Pipe Heat Exchanger for Parallel- flow Arrangement. The Double pipe heat exchanger is one of the Different types of heat exchangers. double-pipe exchanger because one fluid flows inside a pipe and the other fluid flows between that pipe and another pipe that surrounds the first.In a parallel flow, both the hot and cold fluids enter the Heatexchanger at same end andmove in same direction. The present work is taken up to carry experimental work and the exergy analysis based on second law analysis of a Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger. In experimental set up hot water and cold water will be used working fluids. The inlet Hot water will be varied from 40 0C and 50 0C and cold water temperature will be varied from between 15 and 20. It has been planned to find effects of the inlet condition of both working fluid flowing through the heat exchanger on the heat transfer characteristics, entropy generation, and Exergy loss. The Mathematical modelling of heat exchanger will based on the conservation equation of mass, energy and based on second law of thermodynamics to find entropy generation and exergy losses.
Study on Effect of Twisted Tape Insert Geometry in Heat Exchangerijtsrd
The heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat from hot fluid to cold fluid. The current research reviews existing work conducted in improving performance of heat exchanger by varying geometric profile, baffling space, baffling inclination and use of helical inserts. The existing researches were conducted using both experimental and numerical techniques. The effect of operational parameters on performance of heat exchanger is also presented. Deepak Bhoi | Sudhir Singh Rajput "Study on Effect of Twisted Tape Insert Geometry in Heat Exchanger" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49163.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/49163/study-on-effect-of-twisted-tape-insert-geometry-in-heat-exchanger/deepak-bhoi
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
Fundamentals of Electric Drives and its applications.pptx
Study on Air-Water & Water-Water Heat Exchange in a Finned Tube Exchanger
1.
2. 2
I. Objective
II. Literature Survey
III. Experimental Set-up
IV. Development of the Simulation Environment
— Simulation Geometry
— Generated Mesh Structure
V. Results & Discussion
— Preliminary Results
— Velocity & Temperature Streamlines
— Temperature Profile Samples
— Comparison of Experimental & Simulated Results
— NTU variation with cold-fluid Velocity
— Fin Performances : Fin Efficiency & Fin Effectiveness
— Dependence of Fin Parameters on Shell-side Fluid Flowrate
VI. Conclusion
4. o To study the Heat Transfer Characteristics of Water-Water Heat Exchange in a Finned
Tube Exchanger in Parallel and Counter-Flow modes and Calculation of Heat Transfer
Coefficients.
o To study the Heat Transfer Characteristics of Air-Water Heat Exchange in a Finned Tube
Exchanger in Parallel and Counter-Flow modes and Calculation of Heat Transfer
Coefficients.
o To simulate the Temperature and Flow Profiles for both cases in COMSOL and study the
Effect of Laminarity and Turbulence on the Heat Transfer Coefficients.
o To compare the Fin Efficiency and Fin Effectiveness for Water-Water and Air-Water Heat
Exchange.
4
6. Gugulothu et al (2018) have conducted a numerical simulation of the heat transfer
characteristics in a Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger. They have observed that the Heat
Transfer Coefficient increases with decreasing Friction Factor.
Du et al (2019) have studied the effect of Helical Baffles in a Shell and Tube Heat
Exchanger by CFD Simulation. The helical flow within the Heat Exchanger was associated
with significant leakage and by-pass and the Local Heat Transfer Coefficient was
observed to increase with back-flow.
Petrik et al (2019) have studied the heating performance of a Finned Radiator,
considering 3D Turbulent flow of Air. They have found that the ratio of the Fin Pitch, Fin
Wall thickness and the number of Fins are the main factors which influence the Heat
Transfer characteristics.
Zhang et al (2023) have investigated the effects of the Fin Tip thickness and the Fin Root
thickness on the Heat Transfer performance of Spiral Finned Tube bundles, specifically
the variation of Nusselt number and Euler number with these parameters were explored.
6
7. Wei et al (2015) have modelled a Heat Recovery Unit (HRU) based on fluid-solid
coupling. The effects of Reynolds number on the outlet temperature, Nusselt number and
pressure drop were investigated. Larger Reynolds number was found to give better Heat
Transfer performance at expense of an increased pressure drop.
D. Cruz et al (2022) have studied the effects of nanoparticle loading and Reynolds
number on the heat transfer coefficient, pressure drop and hydrodynamic characteristics
for Copper (II) Oxide – Water nanofluid flow in a shell and tube exchanger. Both particle
loading and Reynolds number were observed to have a positive effect on pressure drop
and heat transfer coefficient.
Ravikumar et al (2017) have simulated the 3D cross-flow inside a smooth as well as a
finned tube exchanger for air-water heat exchange. Their results indicate that heat
transfer coefficient decreases with increasing fin thickness for Briggs and Young
correlation and the opposite happens with other correlations.
Banu et al (2022) have used ANSYS Fluent for simulating the heat transfer performance
of a fin and tube exchanger and validated the simulation results with mathematical
simulation results from MATLAB Simulink. 7
11. 11
o A half section of the Finned Tube Exchanger was developed in COMSOL Multiphysics
5.6
o As a preliminary study, Water-Water and Air-Water heat exchange were investigated.
o The heat exchange experiments were conducted using both Parallel and Counter flow
modes at different volumetric flowrates. For Water-Water system, hot fluid flowrate was
varied from 3-4 LPM in the Tube, while for Air-Water system, cold fluid flowrate was
varied from 2-10 LPM in the Shell.
o In COMSOL, the simulation has been carried out using Laminar flow and Turbulent flow,
as applicable.
12. 12
The relevant equations that are used are as follows-
– for Laminar Flow physics
𝜌 𝑢 ∙ 𝛻 𝑢 = 𝛻 ∙ – 𝑝𝐼 + 𝐾 + 𝐹 ___ (1)
𝛻 ∙ 𝜌𝑢 = 0 ___ (2)
– for Heat Transfer in Fluids physics
𝜌Cpu ∙ 𝛻𝑇 + 𝛻 ∙ 𝑞 = Q + Qp + Qvd ___ (3)
𝑞 = – 𝑘𝛻𝑇 ___ (4)
o Equation 1, 2 and 4 represent the Navier-Stokes equation, Continuity equation and the
Heat Conduction equation respectively.
o Equation 3 represents the Heat Balance equation, where Qp represents work done by
pressure changes and Qvd represents the viscous heat dissipation. Q represents heat
sources other than viscous heat dissipation.
13. 13
We have analysed the Turbulent flow by k-ε Model-
– for Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE), k
𝜌 𝑢 ∙ 𝛻 𝑘 = 𝛻 ∙ 𝜇 +
μ𝑇
σ𝑘
+ 𝛻𝑘 + 𝑃𝑘 - 𝜌ε ___ (5)
– for Rate of Dissipation of TKE, ε
𝜌 𝑢 ∙ 𝛻 ε = 𝛻 ∙ 𝜇 +
μ𝑇
σε
+ 𝛻ε + 𝐶ε1
ε
𝑘
𝑃𝑘 - 𝐶ε2𝜌
ε2
𝑘
___ (6)
here, μ𝑇 = 𝜌𝐶μ
𝑘2
ε
𝑃𝑘 = μ𝑇 [𝛻u ∶ 𝛻u + (𝛻u )𝑇 )]
o μ𝑇 represents eddy viscosity, 𝑃𝑘 represents production of TKE due to mean velocity
shear, σ𝑘 & σε represents turbulent Prandtl number for k & ε, and 𝐶ε1, 𝐶ε2 & 𝐶μ are
model coefficients.
27. 27
o Heat exchange characteristics were investigated in a finned tube heat exchanger for hot and cold
water, and cold air and hot water, operating in both parallel and counter-flow modes.
o For Water-Water system, the tube-side flow rate (hot water) was varied to observe its effect on
heating cold water, while for Air-water system, the shell-side flow rate (cold air) was varied to
assess the cooling effectiveness of air in the finned tube exchanger.
o COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 was used to simulate the system in 3-D mode, and the temperature
profiles along with heat flux and velocity streamlines were evaluated.
o NTU and Heat Exchanger Effectiveness were calculated for varying fluid flow rates in both water-
water and air-water systems, with NTU values notably higher for air-water heat exchange,
exhibiting a decreasing trend with increasing fluid flow rate.
o The reliability of simulation models was assessed by comparing experimental and simulated results,
revealing percentage errors ranging from 0.38%-1.32% for the Water-Water system and from
2.75%-7.02% for the Air-Water system.
o The evaluation of fin performance involved calculating fin efficiencies and effectivenesses, notably
higher in the air-water system, consistent with established literature. Additionally, increasing shell-
side fluid flow rate resulted in reduced fin efficiency and effectiveness, aligning with existing
literature.
28. 28
• Du T, Du W. Characteristics of Flow and Heat Transfer of Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers with Overlapped Helical
Baffles (2019). Front. Eng. Manag. 6, p 70-77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42524-019-0005-8
• Gugulothu R, Sanke N, Gupta, A.V.S.S.K.S. Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics in Shell-and-Tube Heat
Exchanger (2019). In: Srinivasacharya, D., Reddy, K. (eds) Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow. Lecture Notes in
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