Transparencia Quienes Somos
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Transparencia Internacional es la organización global líder en la lucha contra la corrupción con más de 90 capítulos en el mundo. Trabaja con socios del gobierno, empresas y sociedad civil para crear conciencia sobre los efectos dañinos de la corrupción y desarrollar medidas efectivas para combatirla a nivel local e internacional.
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Transparencia Quienes Somos
- 1. Transparencia Internacional: ¿Quiénes somos y cuáles son nuestras actividades al nivel internacional? Guro Slettemark Secretaria General Transparencia Internacional Noruega
Notas del editor
- TI-Norway engaged PricewaterhouseCoopers AS (PwC) to carry out the survey within the period June to September 2009
- TI fights corruption at its roots as well as its symptoms. TI pursues its systemic approach based on National and International Integrity Systems. This approach can be visualised using the conceptual framework of the Integrity Wheel A key element of TI’s work at the national and international level is the analysis and diagnosis of corruption, for example by measuring its occurrence through surveys and indices and by other research undertaken by TI. TI does not undertake investigations of alleged corruption, or expose individual cases, but at times it will work in coalition with organisations that do. TI is politically non-partisan. TI will combine the local-rootedness of the National Chapters, which are the cutting edge of the TI Movement around the world, with international expertise. TI will access expertise from National Chapters, the Secretariat and other sources in order to maximise impact. TI will develop coalitions with actors from all sectors of society genuinely seeking change. It will work with high-profile individuals and decision-makers, NGOs, think tanks and other institutions. It will work at influencing the prevailing popular mood and if necessary at building broad public pressure in order to stimulate demand for reform.
- Government and politics: Why should TI be engaged in government and politics? As a startpoint it is important to have in mind the growing influence of money in politics – which also means that political corruption remains a core governance problem around the world. Political corruption underminepublic trust in democratic process and damages individual lives. Political corruption is not limited to to electoral fraud, it includes the growing influence of private rather than public interests in elections and the policy-making process. Laws and regulations can not always prevent the undue influence of money and private interests in politics. That is why Transparency is essential. One example of TI`s involvement in the sector is the tool called Crinis (ray of light), which measure the transparency of political financing in Latin-America. International conventions: Why? In an incrasingly globalized world, international conventions play a key role in adressing the cross-border nature of corruption. Example: TI continuously work to promote an effective intergovernmental review mechanism for the UN convention on anti corruption. Example 2 – TI monitor the enforcement of the OECD Anti Bribery Convention which is released in Progress Reports. The reprts analyses the performance of 34 OECD countries. Access to information: TI believe that information opens the doors of mutual trust between citizens and thei government.When the state conducts business and make decisisons behind closed doors, it creates distrust and and space in which impunity can thrive. During the past 20 years, more than 80 countries have adopted access to information laws. TI support new laws, monitoring existing ones. Public procurement: Transparent and accountable public procurement is essential to prevent corruption.Significant amounts of money combined with iInsufficient safeguards in procurement processes, mean enormous sums of public funding are misspent by governments worldwide each year. TI has developed procuremen tools – known as Integrity Pacts. Private sector: Every year (every day) there are corporate scandals that show that rather than securing contracts and lucrative profits, corrupt practices distort competition, adversely affect developement and the poor, and result in bifg fines and reputational damage. Recognising the challenges corruption poses to companies, TI works with multinational and other stakeholders to develop effectiv and practical tools for use by business. Some of you may know about the anti-bribery code- Business Priciples for Countering Bribery. Judiciary: Realisein peoples rights to justice and equality, a healthy judiciary is essential. A judiciary that can be bought or influenced debases democracy, violates fundamental human rights and sends a wrong message to the citizens – impunity rules. Corruption in judiciary can occur at every stage of the judicial system – from bribery by court clerks to political intereference in the judicial process. A strong judiciary is critical to ensure fairness in in society, providing oversight of government and maintaining a balance of powers. In 2007 TI presented a publication on corruption in judicial systems. TI has after tha advocated strongly for judicial transparency, accountability and dicipline, fairness in appointments and decent terms and conditions. A functioning judiciary is fundamental to TIs work as a whole, because corruption can only be tackled when judiciary is able to serve as a preventive force and effectivly deal with its symptoms. Ex. TI-chapter - Transparencia por Colombia – established a coalition together with 13 civil society partners to oversee the nomination and election of judges. (p 24)
- Both a cause and a consequense of poverty, corruption has been recognised as being the greatest obstacle to reducing poverty. It robs resources from already hard-pressed households – even a small bribe can mean that a family must og withourt food or a sick child will lack medicine. TI therefor work in partnership with civil society and disadvataged people to mobilise and sustain the political will for corruption-free and inclusive developement. Believe it or not – corruption even exists in humanitarian Assitance. Ti has improved the diagnosis of corruption risks in humanitarian assitance by enganing key humanitarian organisations as partners. A Handbook has very recently been released – Handbook on Preventing Corruption in Humaitarian Oprations. Accsess to public services: Poor governance creates opportunities for the diversion of funds intended to provide basic public services. Where transparency and accountability mechanisms are weak, public funds meant to provide equal opportunities of access to health care and education are vulnerable to corruption. Example: more than 197 millon bribes were allegedly paid in order for Mexicans to access public services, according to TI Mexico. Example: In Kazakhstan, 128 out of 200 students asked, said they had encountered corruption. Water/natural resources: Three and a half billion people live in countries rich in oil, gas and minerals. A country rich in natural resources should be a blessing for, but when profit takes exploitive priority over citizens interests and enviromental efforts, then lives, livelihoods and ecosystems are jeopardised. TI seeks to turn the resources curse into the blessing it should represent. One tool that is provided, is the Report on Revenue Transparency of Oil and Gas companies. It evaluates 42 leading oil and gas companies from around the world on their current policies, management systems and performance in revenue transparency.
- CPI – measures the levels of public-sector corrution in a country as seen by country analysts and businesss people. Covering 180 countries CPI draws on information from 13 different polls and surveys from 11 independent institutions. Questions cover both the political and administrative aspects of corruption, including topics such as the bribery of public officials, kickbacks in public procurement, the embezzlement of public funds and the strength and effectiveness of anti-corruption efforts. The index scores countries on a scale from zero (highly corrupt) to ten (very clean). Year after year, the CPI highlight the fatal link between poverty, failed institutions and graft. Diagnosing corruption on a national level, TI has developed a methodology in order to evaluate a country`s key institiutions, laws and practices that contribute to integrity, transparency and accountability in society. The methodology is called National Integrity Systems and has been conducted in several countries. By assessing the strenghts and weaknesses of a country`s integrity system, advocacy and anti-corruption efforts can be better targeted and the overall effectiveness of anti-corruption efforts maximised. On Policy changes – the main effort is for TI to develop policy positions and working papers. The documents are used to deepen partnership with stakeholders and counterparts, nationally, regionall and globally. One example is a working paper ahead of the annual Spring Meetings og the World Bank and International Monetary Fund were working papers have been produced to emphasise how poverty is caused and facilitated by corruption.