Este documento describe los procesos de separación de DMO y solvente, separación de asfalto y solvente, y recuperación de solvente en una planta DEMEX. Incluye diagramas de flujo de los esquemas de extracción, separación, recuperación y recirculación de solvente en las diferentes secciones y equipos de la planta.
Proceso de la Refinería del petroleo, en base al modelo de ENAP Chile. (como objetivo la obtención de gasolina 93 y 97)
Análisis conceptual del diagrama de bloques.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Proceso de la Refinería del petroleo, en base al modelo de ENAP Chile. (como objetivo la obtención de gasolina 93 y 97)
Análisis conceptual del diagrama de bloques.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
1. FONDOS: ESQUEMAS DE
PROCESAMIENTO
GASES TURBOEXPANDER , ETILENO Y
POLIETILENO
GLP
POLIPROPILENO
GLP
DMOH ALQUILACIÓ – Á
N CIDO Nafta
Y POLIMERIZACIÓN
GO
CRACKING
HTG
Nafta BLENDING DE
HIDROTRATAMIENT HTD GASOLINAS,
ACPM OS DE PRODUCTOS
DESTILACIÓN MEDIOS
CRUDO
ATMOSFÉ RI
Nafta Nafta
CA Y AL
VACÍ O TRATAMIENTOS CON
Nafta Nafta Virgen AROMÁTICOS Y
SODA, MEROX,
AMINA, AZUFRE
ESPECIALIDADES
Jet-Quero
Destilados y
Nafta
Fondos y Destilados
PARAFINAS
(3 )Fondos Demex DELAY COKING,
HYDROCRACKIN BLENDING DE
(2)FOV G COMBUSTÓLEO
DEMEX, UNIBON
(2) Fondos Demex
Fondos Demex
(1)FOV VISCORREDUCTO
RA
Asfalto
DEMEX, UNIBON Y VISCORREDUCTORA 1
2. DEMEX: ESQUEMA
GENERAL
RECIRCULACIÓN DE SOLVENTE
SOLVENTE -
EXTRACCIÓN DMO
EN RECUPERACIÓ
SEPARACIÓN
TORRES Y N DE
DMO/SOLVENTE
CARGA TAMBORES SOLVENTE
TRAZAS DE
SOLVENTE -
ASFALTO SEPARACIÓN
ASFALTO/SOLVEN
TE
DMO
ASFALTO
Fuente: Jesú Murcia (2010)
s
DEMEX, UNIBON Y VISCORREDUCTORA 2
3. DEMEX: TORRES Y TAMBORES DE
EXTRACCIÓN
DEMEX, UNIBON Y VISCORREDUCTORA 3
4. vapor
50# a T -2802
PV25003A/G T
Sección T
Extracción E-2503 A/C TI25006
solvente
hacía E -2505 A-H
F TI25012
FIC25005A/C
hacía D -2505 al
P PT25003A PIC-25003
GAO de lavado cond . PAHCO
P-2509 25003 P PT25003B
aire a instrumentos
P PT25003C
vapor a T -2802 PY25003A/B
50#
T
PV25003F/L venteo
E-2503 E/F TI25037/8 Torre Separadora de DMO
F
FIC25005E/F
T-2501
GAO de lavado cond .
P-2509
vapor
150#
PV25003E/K
T T
TI25209 TI25210
E-2522 A-D
F
FIC25205/06/07/08
GAO de lavado
P-2509
cond . a D-2515
agua
calderas
TIC25008
T T
vapor E-2504 A/B
150/170 # TIC25009
PV25003C/I TI25039 agua
F calderas
cond . a
D-2515
FIC25011 T
vapor
600#
PV25003D/J
F
cond. a D -2526
FIC25014 Sección
solvente y trazas de DMO
Recuperación
T TI25014 de Solvente
DMO a
T-2521
vapor
50#
T
Sección PV25003B/H LIC25005
Extracción E-2503B/D TI25011 alimentación a
succión C -2501
F
FIC25005B/D
GAO de lavado 15
P -2509 desde E -2809
cond.
Torre Despojadora
de DMO
T-2502
antiespumante
GAO de P -2509
1
F
vapor
50#
desde e xhosto FIC25016
del C -2501
vapor
50#
F
GAO de
DEMEX: SEPARACIÓN P-2820 A/B
GAO a T -2801
(VISCORREDUCTORA)
FI28058
DMO SOLVENTE TI25028 T
a T-2504 ALC desde
P-2511 Casa Bombas A
F
DMO DMO
FI25030 LIC25009
P-2520A/B
K-2652/53
asfalto desde
fondos T -2802
a entrada de
T-2502
E-2809 A/B
DEMEX, UNIBON Y VISCORREDUCTORA 4
5. DEMEX: SEPARACIÓ ASFALTO
N
SOLVENTE
Horno
GAO de lavado H-2501 A Sección
P-2509 solvente y trazas de asfalto
T TI25017 Recuperación
F
AIC25001 A
F P F
FIC25015/22
TI25016 T T TI25018 T de Solvente
Sección 2 pasos
Extracción FI25209A PIC25201A FIC25012A/B
T TI25020
TI25021
T
AMB-25012
TIC25006
F
F gas Paso 1 TI25001B
comb. Paso 2 TI25001A
FIC25012C FI25037
desde D -2507
Tambor Separador
de Asfalto
D-2506
solvente y trazas de asfalto
Sección
Recuperación
de Solvente
T TI25032
solvente de solvente de
purga purga
Horno
GAO de lavado H-2501 C
Torre Despojadora
P-2509
LI25006B
de Asfalto
F T TI25045 T-2522
FIC25025/26 AIC25003 A
F P F TI25046 T 2 pasos T TI25044
TIC25012
FI25209C PIC25201C FIC25009A/B
T TI25047 T
F
DMO sucio
F desde T -2504
GAO de lavado
PIC25008 de P-2509 y T -2521 FI25034
FIC25027
F 15
gas
comb.
Paso 1 TI25042 TI25050B TI25051B LIC25006
FI25039 Paso 2 TI25050A TI25051A
desde D -2507
Filtro Atrapacoque
13
1
F
vapor
50#
FIC25020
LI25010B LIC25010
F ALC
FIC25013C Horno Paso 1 TI25002B
Paso 2 TI25002A
AMB-25013
GAO de lavado
H-2501B ALC de purga ALC de purga
desde P -2804 desde P -2804
P-2509
F T TI25025 FIC25
FIC25023/24 AIC25002 A
F P F TI25024 T 2 pasos T TI25026 T TI25
Sección T F P
Extracción FI25209B PIC25201B FIC25013A/B
T TI25027
TI25022
T TI25033 FI25033 PIC25006
TIC25007 vapor vapor
150 # T 50#
gas FI25038
comb. P-2505D/E/F
desde D -2507 F
DEMEX, UNIBON Y VISCORREDUCTORA 5
6. DEMEX: RECUPERACIÓ DEL
N
SOLVENTE M
venteo gases a red
de gas combustible
tea
desde cima T -2501
Tambor de Solvente de
Alta Presión PIC25003
D-2505
P
LI25015A LI25015B
H2 O
Sección
desde
Recuperación D-2504
de DMO E-2505A-F
recibo de
F TI25015 T
solvente desde cima T -2501 solvente
H2 O FI25036
agua
E-2505G-H tea
F
solvente de quench
desde P -2503
FIC25227
Torre de Lavado Alquilación F
de Alta Presión K-2503/04 FIC25021
T-2521 hacía D -2504
Nueva
F Estación GLP vapor
50#
FIC25019 TIC25235 solvente de extracción a
T-2520 A fila 36
E-2520 A T
Sección solvente de extracción a
T-2520 B fila 36
F
solvente y trazas de asfalto
Recuperación vapor
600# T
vapor
solvente de predilución
desde D -2505
FI250
50#
de Asfalto a T-2520 A fila 12
P-2523 A/B
solvente desde cima D -2506 solvente de predilución a
T-2520 B fila 12 cond .
solvente de quench
hacia cima de T -2521 PV25004B PIC25005
spillback C-2501 P
solvente
de purga a D-2501 A
solvente de retorno a
tea
esferas
vapor anticorrosivo
vapor a D-2501 B
LI25018 600# T 50 #
PV25004A >
vapor purga a D -2501 A/ B, H 2O
150# P-2503A/B/C T-2521 y D-2506
FIC25018 T
cond . TI25031
PIC25004
venturi E-2507 A/B
P X
C-2501
Tambor Separador recibo de solvente de
baja desde el FIC 25021
de Baja Presión del D -2505
D-2503
Compresor C-2501
DMO desde T -2501 DMO sucio a T-2522
P-2507A/B SIC25001
anticorrosivo
H2 O
T
NC-2501
TI25030
E-2506
Recuperación de Condensado
Tambor de Condensado de F
Alta Presión vapor 150# al cabezal
FIC25017
D-2526 solvente y trazas de
asfalto desde T -2522
Sección T
solvente y trazas de DMO
Tambor de Condensado de Recuperación TI25029
de DMO LIC25007
condensado del Baja Presión
serpentín de vapor 50# al cabezal
600# de T -2501 D-2515 solvente desde cima T -2502
condensado desde condensado del
E-2522 A/B/C/D serpentín de T -2520 A/B
condensado desde
E-2503 E/F
condensado desde
E-2503 A/B/C/D
condensado desde
E-2520
LI25017
LIC25011 vapor
condensado desde 50#
E-2515 A/B/C/D
condensado desde
E-2501 A/B/C/D cond .
condensado desde a planta
E-2504 A/B Cabezal de condensado de media eléctrica
LIC25008
desde T -2502 DMO sucio a T -2522
P-2506A/B
DMO a tanque
P-2520B
DEMEX, UNIBON Y VISCORREDUCTORA 6
8. UNIBÓ HIDROGENACIÓ DE
N: N
DMO
HIDRÓGENO DE RESTITUCIÓN
ABSORCIÓ Y
N
COMPRESIÓ N
DE
H2 DEPURADO HIDRÓGENO H2 CONTAMINADO
EFLUENTE DEL GASES
REACTOR
SEPARACIÓ NAFTA
REACCIÓN
N
DMO
DIESEL
DMOH
F u e n t e : J e s ús M u r c ia , 2 0 10
DEMEX, UNIBON Y VISCORREDUCTORA 8
9. UNIBÓ REACTORES DE
N:
HIDROGENACIÓN
Sección de H 2 de C-2651 y
Compresión C-2652 , a través de
E-2655
T F
y Reciclo de TI26531 FIC26507
Hidrógeno FI26507B
Horno de Carga de C-2651 y F
H 2 quench
a los Reactores C-2652 , a
través de
H-2651 E-2655 FIC26503
TI26505
T
AT26501
Sección de F T A T TIC26501 T T
Precalentamiento Reactor Reactor
FIC26501/02 TI26501/02 TI26512 T TIC26502TI26523
y Carga R-2651 R-2652
P
P By pass R -2651 P
Tambor de Gas PIC26501
Combustible
D-2666
P F
gas comb .
de 130 psi PDI26502 P
PIC26510 FI26526
LI26525 T
T TI26524
TI26513/14/15
aguas P
aceitosas
T
TI26565
T
P TI26516/17 P
PDI26501 PDI26503
T
TI26525
T
TI26518/19/20/21 T
TI26526/27/28
P P
T T
carga hidrotratada Sección de
TIC26503 a D-2651
TI26529
Separación de
TI26522 T
Alta Presión
H2 quench
F
de C-2651 y C-
2652, a través
de E-2655 FIC26504
DEMEX, UNIBON Y VISCORREDUCTORA 9
Notas del editor
Con el esquema de la refinería describir las alternativas de procesamiento que siguen los fondos de vacío del crudo cargado. - En refinerías de baja conversión de fondos (1 FOV), la alternativa es la Viscorreducción de los fondos para la preparación del combustóleo. En las refinerías de media conversión de fondos (2 FOV), se demetalizan los fondos efectuándoles una extracción con solvente y posteriormente hidrogenando el aceite recuperado de la demetalización. Se envía a combustóleo el asfalto o fondos Demex viscorreducidos y como carga a Cracking el aceite hidrogenado o DMOH. En refinerías de alta conversión de fondos (3 Fondos Demex), los fondos Demex se craquean hasta carbón y el destilado recuperado se craquea en presencia de hidrógeno para producir sobre todo destilados medios.
Relacionar la tabla de los pasos con este esquema de bloques, agregando la explicación sobre la purificación y compresión del solvente.
Aterrizar las explicaciones anteriores en los diagramas de la planta limitándose a describir el flujo sin entrar en detalles de control.
Igualmente relacionar con la tabla de los pasos, agregando que la mezcla debe calentarse y luego pasarse por una vaporización súbita seguida de un despojo del DMO con vapor
Igual esquema para la separación del DMO – solvente se utiliza para asfalto – solvente.
Y finalmente el solvente se purifica con DMO y se licúa para volverlo a utilizar.
Introducir al tema de UNIBÓN indicando que se trata de una reacción de hidrogenación del aceite extraído en DEMEX, con la cual se retiran contaminantes y se hace más parafínica la carga (dando mejores rendimientos al pasarla por un Cracking catalítico).
Describir el proceso de UNIBÓN iniciando con este esquema sencillo, pero que tiene todos elementos importantes: 1- carga DMO y produce DMOH. Como productos secundarios aparecen gases y algo de nafta y diesel que se envía a los tanques respectivos 2- Se indica un bloque de separación que corresponde a dos tipos de separación: la del hidrocarburo del hidrógeno y la del DMO con los otros productos 2- Igualmente se incluye otro bloque donde el hidrógeno, que debe estar en exceso para garantizar la reacción y la refrigeración, se “limpia” de H2S e hidrocarburos pesados antes de unirse a la reposición proveniente de la Planta de Generación de Hidrógeno. Posteriormente, se comprime para mezclar con la carga al reactor.
Se incluye los diagramas del MDPU para ayudar en la descripción del proceso, sin entrar en detalles de control o nomenclatura de equipos.
Se incluye la gráfica de los equipos de separación inicial del hidrocarburo (HC) del hidrógeno.
Y de la posterior DMO – mezcla de gases, nafta y diesel
Y la separación de los gases, nafta y diesel en la torre rectificadora
La absorción de contaminantes gaseosos con amina se mirará con mas detalle en otro módulo de este curso, pero se incluye para completar los esquemas de Unibón. Al hidrógeno recogido de varias operaciones de separación se le absorben los contaminantes gaseosos y se lava con agua para retirar arrastres de amina en la torre mostrada.
Y finalmente la restitución y reciclo del hidrógeno mediante los compresores correspondientes.