1. ADHD and Student
Achievement
Saul Mendiola
EDCI 6300.62
Project Four
Dr. Herrera
Spring 2012

2. Problem Statement
The problem is that elementary students in
Texas with ADHD have low academic
achievement in standardized state exams as
specified by the Texas state standards.

3. Purpose
The purpose of is to discover if students
without ADHD have higher academic
achievement.

4. Need
The need is to prevent and give interventions
to elementary students in Texas.

5. Literature Synthesis
What is ADHD?
“Attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) is one of the
most commonly diagnosed and
widely studied behavioral
disorders in children”
(Lorch, 2010).

6. Literature Synthesis
ADHD & Academic
Achievement
“It is well documented that
children with attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
have significant academic
difficulties, which include higher
rates of school failure and grade
retention than nondiagnosed
peers” (Freer, 2011).

7. Literature Synthesis
Interventions
According to Schottelkorb
(2009), early interventions are
important to help students be
more successful in school and
help decrease the ADHD
symptoms that negatively
impact student learning.

8. Literature Synthesis
Studies
“Many group studies have
reported poor academic
performance for children with
ADHD compared to their
typically developing classmates”
(McConaughy, Volpe, Antshel,
Gordon, & Eiraldi, 2011).

9. Literature Synthesis
Conclusion
In conclusion, it is evident that
ADHD and low academic
achievement go hand in hand.
ADHD appears at a young age
and affects elementary students’
academic performance in
standardized tests. Elementary
students with ADHD are at a
disadvantage compared to
elementary students without it.

10. Literature Synthesis
Reasons for Reviewing a
Literature
“A researcher begins by identifying a broad problem
area” (Pattent, 31).
“A researcher examines the literature about the
problem area” (Pattent, 31).

11. Literature Synthesis
Organizing a Literature Review
“A straighforward approach for beginning a literature
review is to identify the broad problem area and indicate
why it is important” (Pattent, 35).

12. Literature Synthesis
Creating a Synthesis
“A key to creating a synthesis is to write a review that
moves from subtopic to subtopic (not from one study to
another), while citing whatever studies are relevant for
each topic” (Pattent, 39).

13. Sources
Lorch, E. P., Milich, R., Flake, R. A., Ohlendorf, J., & Little, S. (2010). A developmental examination
of story recall and coherence among children with ADHD. Journal Of Abnormal Child
Psychology, 38(3), 291-301.
Freer, B. D., Hayden, A., Lorch, E. P., & Milich, R. (2011). The stories they tell: Story production
difficulties of children with ADHD. School Psychology Review, 40(3), 352-366.
Schottelkorb, A. A., & Ray, D. C. (2009). ADHD symptom reduction in elementary students: A
single-case effectiveness design. Professional School Counseling, 13(1), 11-22.
Patten, M. L. (2009). Understanding research methods (Seventh Edition ed., p. 35 & 39).
Glendale, CA: Pyrczak Publishing.
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