Presentation to the Asia Europe Forum in Paris, Oct. 11, 2012

1. Capacity Building for Quality
Assurance
Perspective From Pakistan
Socio-
Economic
Uplift
Research &
Development
Human
Resource
Development
Prof. Dr. S. Sohail H. Naqvi
Executive Director
Higher Education Commission

2. Creation of Knowledge Hubs
(2000 – 2011)
350
300
295
258
246 249
250
229
218
200 192
182
168
150 136 134
126 127 132
116 118 121
107 110
98
100
76 73 74
69 70
62 65
59 56 5753 56 56 57 57 59 60
53 51
50 41 45
37 35
22
0
2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11
Public Private Total Total Uni + Subcampuses

4. Higher Education
Development
 University Grants Commission 1974
 Higher Education Commission 2002
 Estb. of Quality Assurance Division
2003
 National Quality Assurance Committee
2003
 Quality Assurance Agency (QAA)
2005
 International Linkages
◦ APQN, INQAAHE,AUQA (recently transformed as
TEQSA), QAA-UK, Bologna Process

5. What is HEC
 Responsible for the improvement and promotion of higher
education, research and development in Pakistan
 Autonomous body with the Prime Minister of Pakistan as
the Controlling Authority
 Mission of HEC is “ To Facilitate Institutions of Higher
Learning to serve as an Engine of Socio-Economic
Development of Pakistan”
Kohat University

6. Functions of the HEC
 Formulate policies, guiding principles and priorities for higher
education Institutions
 Submit recurring and development budgets to the Federal
Government and allocate them on performance and need basis
 Support the development of linkages between Institutions and
Industry
 Prescribe conditions for opening and operating Higher
Education Institutions in the private sector
 Assure quality by carrying out accreditation of Institutions and
programs
UET,Lhr

7. Initial Key Challenges in
Higher Education
Quality Access Relevance
• Standard of • Enrollment in • Addressing the
Education, Faculty higher education needs for Socio-
& Research Economic
Development of
Pakistan
Financing Growth & Change

8. Quality Vision
To develop a quality Higher Education System
relevant to national needs and compatible to
International QA Standards that enables HEIs to
demonstrate excellence in teaching, learning and
research.

9. Quality Assurance Programme of
HEC
 Sensitizing academia regarding QA
 Development of Quality Assurance
Criteria and Standards
 Development of Processes & Capacity
Building for Implementation
 Monitoring and Evaluation
9

10. QA Framework for HEIs in
Pakistan
 Three stages:
 Stage-I: Developing QA Criteria &
Guidelines
 Stage-II: Developing Internal Quality
Assurance (IQA) System
Program Level Institutional Level
 Stage-III: Developing External Quality
Stage II
Assurance (EQA) System
EQA
Stage III
IQA
Stage I

11. QA Management Structure
National Quality
Assurance
Committee
Quality Quality
Assurance Assurance
Division (QAD) Agency (QAA)

12. Functional Set up for QA
HEC
QAD QAC
•Establishment of QAA &QECS (45 Established & QAA
20 under progress)
•Int. Recognition
(APQN,INQAAHE,W.B,NAAC,AUQA) Accreditation
QECs
Councils
•Liaison with Higher Education Institutions
•Linkages with councils = 07 . (Pharmacy
•Policy development for QA & implementation Council: Federal Urdu Uni /
•Self Evaluation & Capacity building of HEIs PCATP:DCET)
•Established new councils = 04
•Plagiarism & Quality of research (IT, Agriculture, Business, Teachers
12
education)

13. Improvement of Quality of PhD
Programs
 Mphil/PhD Program as per international
standard
 Curriculum of Programs
 Minimum standards for offer of programs
 Standard classification of Journals
 HEC “Approved” Supervisor
 PhD Scholarships
 International Mobility
 Plagiarism Detection
 Monitoring

14. MS/PhD Flow Diagram

15. Journal Requirements
 Regularly Published
 Diverse Editorial Board
 Blind Peer Review (Incl. Foreign
Evaluation)
 Abstracted / Indexed Internationally
 Local language journals with English
Abstracts
 References as per international
standards

16. Gearing up for Value Addition (PhDs/Year)
800
700
600
500
(1947-2002) (2002-2012)
400
3281 3944
300
200
100
0
2012
1947 1952 1957 1961 1965 1969 1973 1977 1981 1986 1991 1995 2000 2004 2008 2009
2002

17. Creating New Knowledge through
Research
7000
6200
6000
4963
5000
3939
4000
3425
3000 2836
2000 1765
1316
816 948 1044
1000
0
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

18. Research Ranking of Pakistan
 Source SCImago http://scimagojr.com/index.php
 Pakistan’s Rank
Biochem
Chemical
Year Overall Agriculture Physics /Micro- Economics
Engineering
Biology
2010 43 34 39 42 43 35
2008 45 37 42 45 50 54
2006 47 40 49 49 53 74
2004 50 44 56 58 62 63
2002 49 46 57 56 61 96
2000 54 48 59 62 63 96

19. Pakistan’s Share of World Research
0.35
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0

20. IQA Initiatives
 A. Quality Assurance Agency -2005
 B. Quality Enhancement Cells
◦ Established………………..…45 Universities
◦ New (Public Sector)……..….25 Universities
◦ New (Private Sector)..………20 Universities

21. Quality Enhancement Cells
University
Activities Scores
A. QEC SECRETARIAT ESTABLISHMENT (32%)
Notification Shared: 3
Establishment date /notification
Notification not shared: 0
Permanent: 4
QEC Office
Temporary: 2
Regular / Contractual: 5
Director QEC
Additional Charge: 2
Regular / Contractual: 5
Deputy Director QEC
Additional Charge: 2
Regular / Contractual: 5
Data Analyst /Asst. Director QEC
Additional Charge: 2
Regular / Contractual: 5
Assistant QEC
Additional Charge: 2
Procured: 5
Procurement of Equipment
Not Procured: 0

22. Scorecard
University
Activities Scores
B. IMPLEMENTATION STATUS OF SA MECHANISM (48%)
2 Events: 4
Awareness seminars /meetings/ workshops at university on (SA).
1 Events: 2
Target: 2 Events Biannually
No Events: 0
2 QPRs: 2
Quarterly Progress Reports 1 QPR: 1
No QPR: 0
Notified: 2
Program Team Notification
None: 0
PT Reports of Programs (Covering all applicable criteria and Target Achieved: 5
standards) No Report Compiled: 0
Notified: 2
Assessment Team Notification
None: 0
Target Achieved: 5
Assessment Team Reports of Programs (Includes Rubric Reports)
No Report Compiled: 0
Target Achieved: 7
Executive Summaries compiled
No Report Compiled: 0
Target Achieved: 7
Implementation Plans Compiled
No Report Compiled: 0
Weaknesses rectified / Corrective Actions taken in programs Target Achieved: 7
All Proformae: 5
Feedback received on Surveys (MAX 10) from Programs
No Proforma Filled: 0
Follow up actions (of the implementation plan) by QEC If Actions Taken: 2

23. QEC Rating
Criteria
Scorecard Category
W
Scores
85% -
100%
X 68% - 84%
Y 51% - 67%
Z Up to 50%
University
Activities Scores
C. EMPOWERING THE QEC (20%)
Availed: 2
Nonvoting Membership of Statutory bodies
Not Availed: 0
Availed: 1
Membership of QEC Yahoo Network
Not Availed: 0
Functional with updated info: 4
QEC Website / webpage Functional: 2
Not Functional: 0
Availed: 2
Membership of international bodies
Not Availed: 0
Total: 4
Contribution in Int. events: 1
Participation/ Contribution in International/ National events Participation in Int. events: 1
(At least in one event each) Contribution in National events: 1
Participation in National events: 1
No Participation: 0
Participation in HEC (QAA) organized events Participated in all: 5
Publicized: 2
Publicizing of QEC activities through print /Electronic media Not Publicized: 0
Total 100 (MAX)

24. Programme Level QA
 Self Assessment Reports by Program
Teams
 Evidence
◦ Establishment of Programme
Accrediting/Auditing Bodies (Councils) on
need basis
◦ Self-Assessment Reports
◦ Outcome
◦ Programme Ranking lists published by
respective Councils etc.

25. Self Assessment Process
VC
QEC
(Being part of University)
HOD/Dean Programme Teams
Assessment Teams

26. EQA Arrangements
 Accreditation system:
◦ Programme Accreditation through the
respective accrediting councils
◦ Institutional Performance Evaluation:
◦ Standards development for institutional
performance evaluation.
◦ Process development for institutional
reviews
◦

27. EQA Initiatives
 Accreditation Councils (Prior to
Establishment of HEC)
◦ Engineering, Medicine, Law, Pharmacy,
Veterinary Sciences, Architects and Town
Planners Veterinary Medical Council,
Nursing Council
 New Accreditation Councils
◦ Agriculture
◦ Computing Education
◦ Business Education
◦ Teachers Education (NACTE)

28. Institutional Level QA
 Responsibility of HEC/QAA
 Promote quality at all levels of the Institutions
and the whole academic activity.
 Evidence
◦ Institutional Performance Evaluation Standards
◦ Processes of Institutional Performance Evaluation
◦ Outcome
◦ Periodic review reports
◦ Institutional Ranking Lists etc

29. IPES
 Standard 1: Mission Statement and Goals
 Standard 2: Planning and Evaluation
 Standard 3: Organization and Governance
 Standard 4: Integrity
 Standard 5: Faculty
 Standard 6: Students
 Standard 7: Institutional Resources
 Standard 8: Academic Programmes and Curricula
 Standard 9: Public Disclosure and Transparency
 Standard 10: Assessment & Quality Assurance
 Standard 11: Student Support Services

30. Way Forward…
 Autonomous Status of single operative
QAA in the country like QAA of UK/
TEQSA of Australia
 More EQA practices including
Academic Audit, External Reviews etc
 Establishment of more independent
EQA/Accrediting Bodies
 Internationally recognized Quality Label
for QA System of HEIs in Pakistan

31. Strengthening each other to
celebrate Quality