1. The Road Not Taken Reflections on African American History Sundra Kincey, Doctoral Candidate Educational Leadership and Policy Studies Office of Minority Affairs Presentation Florida State University February 23, 2006

2. Carter G. Woodson 1875 - 1950 Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 Founder of Negro History Week (now “Black History Month”)

3. Frederick Douglass (1817 – 1895) Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 Abolitionist, orator and writer who fought against slavery and for women's rights. Douglass was the first African-American citizen appointed to high ranks in the U.S. government.

4. The First Black Vote Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 Though there would be still so many rivers to cross and mountains to climb, this was indeed a glorious, inspiring, landmark event. We can sense the many years this gray-haired man has waited for this moment to cast his ballot. In line are others, including a military man. HARPER'S WEEKLY, November 16, 1867

5. Booker T. Washington 1856-1915 Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 Founder of Tuskegee Normal School in Alabama (now Tuskegee University)

6. George Washington Carver (1864-1943) Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 American scientist, educator, humanitarian, and former slave. Carver developed hundreds of products from peanuts, sweet potatoes, pecans, and soybeans; his discoveries greatly improved the agricultural output and the health of Southern farmers.

7. W.E.B. DuBois 1868 -1963 Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 First African American to receive a Ph.D. from Harvard University Co-Founder of the NAACP

8. Martin Luther King, Jr. 1929-1968 Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 National leader of the civil rights movement, leading boycotts and staging protests against segregation in the South.

9. Coretta Scott King 1927-2006 Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 Widow of slain civil rights leader Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Founder of Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change

10. Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 Malcolm X 1925-1965 World renowned African American/Pan-Africanist and human rights activist

11. Thurgood Marshall (1908 – 1993) Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 First African American elevated to U.S. Supreme Court (1967-1991)

13. Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06

14. Sojourner Truth 1797-1883 Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 Nationally known speaker on human rights for slaves and women

15. Harriet Tubman (1820 - 1913) Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 Devoted her life to fighting slavery, helping slaves and ex-slaves, and championing the rights of women. An incredibly brave woman, she was known as the "Moses of her people." Conductor for the Underground Railroad who helped slaves flee to freedom in the North

16. Mary McLeod Bethune 1875-1955 Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 Founder of Bethune-Cookman College

17. Zora Neale Hurston 1891-1960 Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 A novelist, folklorist, and anthropologist

18. Rosa Parks 1913-2005 Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 "mother of the civil rights movement"

19. Shirley Chisholm (1924 - 2005) Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 First African-American woman elected to the US Congress. During her long political career, she fought for the rights of women and minorities.

20. Bessie Coleman (1893-1926) Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 First black female pilot and the first woman to receive an international pilot's license.

21. Mae C. Jemison NASA Astronaut (former) Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 First African-American Woman in Space

23. Black History: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow Black History Month – S. Kincey 02/23/06 Thank You!