This document provides an overview of brain-computer interfaces (BCI). It begins with an introduction and then discusses why BCI is important, how it works, the principle of operation, what an EEG is, BCI approaches, applications, advantages, and disadvantages. It notes that BCI allows direct communication between the human brain and computers. It can offer paralyzed patients improved quality of life and has military and civilian research applications by allowing patients to control devices with brain activity. However, BCI techniques are costly and require extensive training. The document concludes that BCI is a promising technology that could revolutionize areas like machine control, human enhancement, and virtual reality.

1. Under guidance of:
Prof.Ishani Patel.

2. 1) INTRODUCTION
2) WHY BCI?
3) BCI MODEL
4) HOW DOES IT WORK?
5) PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
6) WHAT IS AN EEG?
7) BCI APPROACHES
8) APPLICATIONS
9) ADVANTAGES
10) DISADVANTAGES
11) FUTURE WORK
12) CONCLUSION

3. • Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a communication
system that recognized user’s command only for his
or her brainwaves and reacts according to them.
• A Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is a collaboration in
which a brain accepts and controls a mechanical
device as a natural part of its representation of the
body.
• Computer-brain interfaces are designed to restore
sensory function, transmit sensory information to the
brain, or stimulate the brain through artificially
generated electrical signals.

4. WHY BCI?????
o BCI is a new neuroscience paradigm that might help us better
understand how the human brain works.
o BCI research allows us to develop a new class of
bioengineering control devices and robots.
o BCI hold promise for rehabilitation and improving
performance.
o BCI can expand possibilities for advanced human computer
interfaces (HCIs).

6. HOW DOES IT WORK? (IN BODY PART)
CONTD…

7. CONTD…

9. o The fullform of EEG is an ElectroEncephaloGram.
o As we know that the surface variation distribution on
the scalp reflects functional activity emerging from
the underlying brain.
o This surface potential variation can be recorded by a
fixing a array of electrodes to the scalp, and
measuring the voltage b/w pair of this electrodes,
which are then filtered, amplified, and recorded.
o At last the resulting data is called EEG.
o The use of EEG signals as vector of communication
between men and machines.

12. invasive BCIs are system that rely on
electrodes surgically implemented in the
brain, in order to extract such signals.
invasive techniques provide more
accurate signal translation.
very low noise compared to non-invasive
techniques.
The example of invasive system is
neuro-surgery.

13. NON-INVASIVE
BRAINWAVES PRODUCED BY
EEG
*Non-invasive BCIs are
on the contrary systems
where the electrodes are
placed on the user’s head.
*Their disadvantage is that
they are time-consuming
technique.
*The most common non-
invasive BCIs are EEG-
based BCIs.

14. 1 . M E N TA L T Y P E - W R I T E R .
2 . B C I O F F E R S P A R A LY Z E D
P AT I E N T S I M P R O V E D
Q UA L I T Y O F L I F E .
3 . M I L I TA R Y A N D C I V I L
R E S E A R C H .
4 . A L L O W P AT I E N T S T O
C O N T R O L A C O M P U T E R
B Y C O N S C I O U S
C H A N G E S O F B R A I N
A C T I V I T Y.

15. 1 . D I R E C T
C O M M U N I C A T I O N
B E T W E E N H U M A N
B R A I N A N D
C O M P U T E R S .
2 . B E T T E R L I V I N G , M O R E
F E A T U R E S , M O R E
A D V A N C E M E N T I N
T E C H N O L O G I E S E T C .
3 . N E W W O R K A R E A F O R
S C I E N T I S T S A N D
R E S E A R C H E S A R O U N D
T H E W O R L D .
4 . L O W B A N D W I D T H .

16. 1 . V I R U S AT TAC K S M AY
O C C U R T O B R A I N
C AU S I N G I L L
E F F E C T S .
2 . R E Q U I R E S
E X T E N S I V E
T R A I N I N G .
3 . B C I T E C H N I Q U E S
A R E C O S T LY.
4 . S LO W S P E E D .

17. CURRENT PROJECTS
o BRAIN GATE
o HONDA ASIMO CONTROL
o GAMING CONTROL
o BIONIC EYE

18. FUTURE WORK
o Improving physical methods for gathering EEGs.
o Improving generalization.
o Improving knowledge of how to interpret waves.

19. • BCI is an advancing technology promising paradigm shift in
areas like Machine Control, Human Enhancement, Virtual
reality and etc. So, it’s potentially high impact technology.
• Several potential applications of BCI hold promise for
rehabilitation and improving performance, such as treating
emotional disorders (for example, depression or anxiety),
easing chronic pain, and overcoming movement disabilities due
to stroke.

20. SUBMITTED BY:-
Swati Bhakhar
CE (V-Sem)
110760107010