1. The American Identity:
Europeans, Black Americans,
Hispanics, Asians, Native
Americans
“In the next century, we will have
an opportunity to become the
world's first truly multiracial,
multiethnic democracy. ”
B. Clinton
“The US – a nation of diversity
and promise.”
2. Population in the USA
Population in 2012- 30.09.2012
314,488,3471
Population Growth in 2000-2010
9,9%2 (about 1% per year)
Expected population by 2050 – 423
mil3
1
September 2012 U.S. Census Bureau.
2
http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-01.pdf
3
http://www.census.gov/population/www/projections/analytical-
5. Racial and ethnic groups of
American Population in 2008
(305 mil)
• White
• Black Americans
• Hispanics
• Asians
• Native Americans
66%
14%
15%
5%
1,6%
6. Ethnic make-up of the population in 2010
*2010 г:
http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-02.pdf
7. Increase
in racial and ethnic diversity
• In 1990 respondents of the
Census Bureau could select only
one of the 5 categories : White,
Black, Hispanic, American
Indian or Aleutian, Asian or
Pacific Islander.
• The 2000 Census gave people
the option of choosing from 63
race options!
8. American population in 2010 and 2050
2010
2050
Whites
63.7%
46.3%
Asians
4.8%
7.8%
Blacks
12.6%
13%
Hispanics
16.3%
30.2%
http://www.census.gov/population/www/projections/files/nation/summary/
np2008-t4.xls
9.
10. Geographical distribution
of racial and ethnic groups (2005)
Minorities
Whites
The West
36%
64%
The South
30%
70%
The Northeast
23%
77%
The Midwest
15%
85%
US Census Bureau, California, racial breakdown,
11. Racial composition of the Regions
• Hispanics and Asians are likely
to live in the West
• Blacks in the South
• Whites in the Northeast,
Midwest and Mountain states
12. Racial composition of
metropolitan areas vs suburbs
• Hispanics and Asians tend to live and
settle down in NYC, Chicago, Los
Angeles, San Diego, Las Vegas, San
Francisco – metropolitan areas
• 60% of White Americans live in the
suburbs
13.
14. Data Set: 2006 Population Estimates
United States by State ( 300 mil)
•
Legend
The most populous
state
15.
16. During the Twentieth Century annual numbers of births fluctuated considerably. The
numbers reached a low during the depths of the Great Depression, and peaked during
the post-World War II Baby Boom.
18. Non-Hispanic Whites
• Non-Hispanic whites are currently
64% of the U.S. population and are
projected to be 46% in 2050.
• Growth rate of Whites is the lowest one
• Today non-Hispanic whites are in the
minority in four states -- Hawaii, New
Mexico, California and Texas -- and
the District of Columbia
19.
20. Non-Hispanic Whites
• Whites tend to live in nonmetropolitan areas – more “footloose”
• Ethnics – people who are identified
with a national origin (French
communities in New Orlean, Russians
in NYC, etc)
• WASPs – White Anglo-Saxon
Protestants
22. Black Americans
• Blacks are the largest minority
group - 40.7 mil - 14%
• The Black population is projected
to rise from 14 % in 2008 to 15 %
in 2050
• They are likely to be found in the
South and in huge metropolitan
areas
23.
24. Black Americans
• 1808 Congress bans importation of
slaves
• The Compromise of 1820 prohibits
slavery in territories north of Missouri.
• 1861 Lincoln takes the presidential oath
of office.
• 1861 The Southern Confederacy ratifies
a new Constitution and elects Jefferson
Davis as the first Confederate president.
• 1861-1865 Civil War
25. Black Americans
• 1863 - The Emancipation
Proclamation abolishes slavery
• 1865 13th Amendment abolished
slavery
• 1868 14th Amendment gave
Blacks the right of citizenship
• 1870 15th Amendment gave
Blacks the right to vote
26. The Civil Rights Movement
• 1896 The Supreme Court rules that “separate
but equal” accommodations for African
Americans and whites are сonstitutional. This
decision allows for legalized segregation
• 1950s-1960sThe Civil Rights movement. Martin
Luther King.
• 1954 The Supreme Court rules in Brown vs
Topeka Board of Education that “separate but
equal” educational facilities are
unconstitutional
• 1964 The Civil Rights Acts ensures voting
rights and prohibits housing discrimination.
27. Hispanics
• Hispanics represent the fastest
growing ethnic minority (15% the
US population)
• The Hispanic population is projected
to nearly triple, from almost 47 mil
to 133 mil, during the 2008-2050
period, and will jump from 15% to
30% of the population.
28.
29. Hispanics
• Hispanics are people who reported
that their normal language is
Spanish; they are also described as
being of any race
•
Hispanic is considered an
ethnicity, not a race; people of
Hispanic ethnicity can be of any
race
30. Why are Hispanics classified as
a distinct group ?
they have come since about 1950 in
very large numbers;
they tend to remain in the certain
parts of the US;
they are slow to learn English;
majority of them appear to be
ethnically different from white or
black Americans.
31. Asians
• Asians are the second fastest-growing group
in the United States
• According to the August 14 2008 Census
Bureau report Asians will increase from 5%
of the U.S. population in 2008 to 7.8 % by
2050
• They are attracted by 3 metropolitan areas –
NYC, Los Angeles, San Francisco
• Educational attainment and average income
of Asians are above the average for the
general population
32.
33. Why are immigrants from Latin
America and Asia attracted by
metropolitan areas?
American Immigration Laws based on
family reunification
Immigrants from these countries
depend on their communities’ social
and economic support
Historical places of concentration of
Asians and Hispanics were and are big
cities.
35. Percentage of Population living in poverty
in 2008
Total U.S.
population
White
AfricanAmerican
Hispanics
15,1%
12,2%
33,1%
30,6%
U.S.Unemployment
Total U.S.
Population
White
AfricanAmerican
Hispa
nics
6,1%
5,3%
11,5%
10%
40. American Indians/
Native Americans
• American Indians and Alaska Natives are
projected to increase from 1.6 % (4.4 mil) in
2008 to 2 % in 2050.
• The largest populations live in California,
Oklahoma, Arizona, and Alaska.
• Native Americans speak more than 250
languages, and there are 561 federally
languages
recognized tribal governments in the United
States.
• Some live on rural or remote reservations,
in villages and pueblos, or on Rancherias
41.
42. The number of reservations
on the territory of the US
– 314
The majority of the
reservations are in the
West.
More than 1/2 of American
Indians reside in
California(413,382)
Arizona(294,137)
Oklahoma(279,559)
43.
44. American Indians
• 25000 BC - The Native Americans are
believed to have arrived in North America
• 1786 - The U.S. establishes first Native
American reservation
• 1830 - Congress passes the Removal Act,
forcing Native Americans to settle in Indian
Territory west of the Mississippi River
• 1887 - The Dawes Act dissolves many Indian
reservations in United States
• 1924 - Congress passed the Indian
Citizenship Act
45. Indian Reservations Today
• In 1934 the Indian Reorganization Act or
the Indian New Deal encouraged NA to set
up their own councils to run the affairs of
their reservations
• An Indian reservation is a formal term for
land which is managed by a Native
American tribe under the U.S. Department
of the Interior’s Bureau of Indian Affairs.
• The land is federal territory and Native
Americans have limited national
sovereignty, there are legal casinos on
reservations.
46. Tribal Governments
• There are 560 tribal governments with a
direct government-to-government
relationship with the federal
government.
• There are about 300 Indian reservations
in the USA, meaning not all of the
country’s 500-plus recognised tribes
have a reservation.
• These governments’ responsibilities:
administering their own judicial systems and
police forces,
• operating schools and hospitals, managing a
wide range of business enterprises.
47. Harvard University Research
The State of Native Nations (2008)
• Most of the social and economic
indicators are moving in a positive
direction
• Many tribal governments are strong
• Educational attainment levels are
improving
• There is a cultural renaissance
occurring in many tribal communities.
48. A new program at the University of
North Texas (UNT) launched in 2009 by
the International Indigenous and American
Indian Initiative
• A variety of Native-oriented courses;
• An Indigenous Studies major /minor, a significant
presence of Native faculty and staff at all levels
• Ongoing Native student recruitment and funding;
• Language preservation;
• Significant Native-generated library holdings;
• A viable indigenous student organization;
• Indigenous-related research;
• Strong relations with Native nations, tribal colleges,
and American Indian organizations.
49. Population Aging
• One in five people will be 65 and older
by 2050.
• By 2050, there will be 19 mil people
age 85 and older, more than 3 times
today’s number.
• The population in the “working ages”
of 18 to 64 is projected to fall from 63
% to 57 % between 2008 and 2050,
and over half (55 %) will be
minorities.
50. Percent of a country’s residents aged 65+
http://www.censusscope.org/us/map_65plus.html