Dependence

DR.UMA KADAM M.B.B.S. MD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR PHARMACOLOGY SKNMC

Drug of abuse/addiction/dependence: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Definitions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

I. Drug abuse ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

II. Drug dependence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

III. Drug addiction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

V. Cross-dependence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

VII. Co-administration/Co-abuse ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Because of the diverse character of these drugs, there is no “single reason” for their use, nor is there an “addictive personality". ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Dopamine Synapse DA L-DOPA Tyrosine Tyrosine

Dopamine receptor Dopamine reuptake pump

Cocaine/Amphetamines ,[object Object],DRUG TAKING CRAVING DRUG TAKING DRUG TAKING CRAVING CRAVING The Blues FATIGUE DEPRESSION HYPERPHAGIA CRASH DRUG TAKING sleep

Positive actions Negative actions

Nicotine ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Introduction: ,[object Object]

General Comments: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

General Comments: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

OPIOIDS or NARCOTICS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

THE MESOLIMBIC DOPAMINERGIC REWARD PATHWAY

VTA Nucleus accumbens Prefrontal cortex Opioids

Withdrawal: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Treatment of Sympathetic effects during withdrawal. ANS EFFECTS Clonidine Motivational: Pleasure Reward Euphoria NE DA  2-AR

Treatment of Dependence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Antagonist Treatment . ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

OPIOID DETOX ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

CNS DEPRESSANTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Alcohol Withdrawal ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Delirium Tremens ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Alcohol ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Alcohol DETOX ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sedative/Hypnotics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sedative/Hypnotics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sedative Hypnotics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sedative Hypnotics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sedative/Hypnotics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sedative/Hypnotics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sedative/ Hypnotics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Dependence

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Dependence