Water conservation

1. BVM Engineering college, V.V.Nagar 1
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
BIRLA VISHVAKARMA MAHAVIDYALAYA
Subject : hydrology and water
resources engineering
Year : 3rd (5th sem-Civil)
Water Conservation
Compiled by:
GAGAL DEVRAJ H. 140073106006
Guided by : J.R.Pitroda
Reshma Mam

3. Need for conservation of water
 There are several reasons or points which will stress
that there is immediate need for the conservation of
water. Some of them are discussed here.
 The list is not the end but is beginning two start in
direction.

4.  In over country major areas which forcing us to go for
conservation are :
 1. variation in rainfall
 2. areas of water storage
 3. uncertainty of precipitation
 4. future need

5. variation in rainfall
 There is a large variation in the rainfall from season to
season, place to place and time to time.
 The annual average rainfall in north east is almost
hundred times of that of annual average rainfall in
western part of India.
 For example in Meghalaya rainfall 11000mm
Rajasthan rainfall 100mm.

6. Areas of water storage
 There are e some locations(9% total) in our country,
where there is minimum rainfall is called arid regions
and 40% part of country is semiarid.
 Arid region rainfall less than 500mm
and semiarid region rainfall 500 to 1000mm.

7. Uncertainty of rain
 Natural factors are playing important role for the
rainfall and forms of rain.
 There are area where good crop is gain but because of
uncertainty of rainfall, the failure of crop can occur. Is
know as drought prone areas.
 Example
 Assam and Meghalaya.

8. Future needs
 Day by day increase population of country so increase
water requirement.
 For example in our country population increase in
estimated more than 1.5 % per annum.
 Some of the needs of near future are
 1) public water supply=52 cubic kilometer
 2)agricultural use =770 cubic kilometer
 3)industrial use=120 cubic kilometer
 4) hydroelectric power need=71 cubic kilometer
 5) other use=37 cubic kilometer

9. Measures for water conservation
 1) domestic conservation
 2) industrial conservation
 3) agricultural conservation

10. domestic conservation
 Verify your home is leak free.
 Turn off water while brushing teeth.
 Close tap while soaping and rinsing clothes.
 Use waste water of clothes to clean the floor.
 Develop habit of monitoring water meter.

11. Industrial conservation
 Install waste water treatment in factory.
 Reuse the cooling water for gardening and irrigation.
 Develop new plant process which require less water.
 Use such equipment which require less water.

12. Agricultural conservation
 Use drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation.
 Avoid flooding method for irrigation.
 Avoid excess irrigation.
 Reducing losses from canals and seepage losses from
canals.
 By constructing structures like
 1) check dams
 2) Khet talawadi
 3) Eurthen bund.

13. Reference
 www.wikipidia.com
 Book of engineering hydrology by k.subramanya
 www.waterconservation/india.com

14. Thank you…..
BVM Engineering college, V.V.Nagar