1. INTRO TO THE MIDDLE EAST WG.4 RHS-WORLD GEOGRAPHY

2. HERE IS THE WORLD… … AND HERE IS NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA Due to the location, it’s called the Crossroads of Continents: Europe, Africa, and Asia

3. SOUTHWEST ASIA IS MORE COMMONLY CALLED THE “MIDDLE EAST” NORTH AFRICA SOUTHWEST ASIA MIDDLE EAST

4. SOME COUNTRIES IN NORTH AFRICA ARE ALGERIA LIBYA AND EGYPT (Sinai Peninsula)

5. SOME COUNTRIES IN THE MIDDLE EAST ARE: ISRAEL SAUDI ARABIA TURKEY IRAN KUWAIT QATAR AND THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES (UAE) IRAQ AFGHANISTAN

6. Most of the climate is arid (dry) and semi-arid (partly dry) DESERT DESERT DESERT DESERT SEMI SEMI SEMI SAHEL DESERT DESERT

8. Many cities are known for their influence on culture and trade CASABLANCA, MOROCCO TRIPOLI, LIBYA CAIRO, EGYPT ISTANBUL, TURKEY JERUSALEM, ISRAEL MECCA, SAUDI ARABIA BAGHDAD, IRAQ TEHRAN, IRAN

9. Many Areas around the Middle East and North Africa are world famous. Follow these cultural landmarks. Do you recognize any?

10. http://www.fgsd.winnipeg.mb.ca/vmc/swaweb/cc/ccswow6.htm The Pyramids at Giza The ancient Egyptians used manual labor and wooden tools to build these magnificent tombs for pharoahs.

11. MOSQUES : places of worship for Muslims. Typical features are domes and minarets DOME MINARETS

12. The Hagia Sofia in Istanbul, Turkey. Built between 532 and 537 by the Christian Emperor Justinian I as a Byzantine church, which it functioned as for the next 900 years. In 1453, the Islamic-faithed Ottomans took over Constantinople (now Istanbul). They wasted little time in converting the Hagia Sophia into a mosque. It served the Muslims for almost 500 years. The Ottomans painted over the Christian mosaics - and erected the four defining minarets we see today. In 1934, Turkey changed the Hagia Sofia's status from mosque to museum and uncovered the priceless Byzantine mosaics.

13. http://www.sacredsites.com/1st30/domeof.html The Dome of the Rock Jerusalem: This Muslim holy site was built on the remains of the Temple of Solomon, a holy site for Jews

14. http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~brvs/kaaba.html The Kaaba Located in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the Kaaba is the most sacred site for Muslims. A Muslim must take the haj (pilgrimage) to Mecca at least once in his/her life.

15. http://www.israel-mfa.gov.il/mfa/go-visual.asp?MFAJ01wh0 The Church of the Holy Sepulcher Jerusalem: This church was built on the site where Christians believe that Jesus Christ was crucified.

16. http://www.igc.apc.org/ddickerson/western-wall.gif The Western Wall in Jerusalem: Also known as the Wailing Wall http://www.sacredsites.com/1st30/domeof.html

17. Other notable cultural landmarks: A “Bazaar” is an open-air market, usually in the center of a Middle eastern town. This bazaar specializes in woven Arabian carpets- verrrrrrry popular!!!! Bazaars are also called “suqs”

18. Cultural Landscapes are old…. Like the many walled cities around the Arab World…

19. … and new Like the oil rigs around the Middle East

20. Around the world, people recognize places and culture reflecting the Middle East. How many of these did you already know?