This presentation is a requirement of my course Engineering Research Method ENGG955 while persuing my MS at UOW. It is a work on Peat soil stabilization. Collectively the PPT, Research report and this video can help future students taking this ERM course. Youtube video link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p1Zt-ZS03yU&t=4s

1. EFFECT OF
SHREDDED TYRE
CHIPS AND FINE
RUBBER CRUMBS
ON THE
STABILIZATION
OF PEAT SOIL
AHMED ZAKARIA
6454793

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
Impact,
Solution and
Application
Soil
Stabilization
Ground
Improvements
Research
Motivation
References

3.  Scrap Tyre Waste
WHAT? Waste
Tyres
HOW
MUCH? 1.5 billion
annually

4. WHERE? LANDFILLS
WHY?
INCREASED
TRANSPORTATION
URBANIZATION
Kuwait landfill

5. Kuwait
Landfill,
Dailymail.co.
uk
Picture from
space

6.  Impact of scrap tyre accumulation:
Landfills,
Illegal Dumping,
Burning
Toxins leaching
Pollution
Health Hazards

7.  Alternative Solution
Recycle of scrap tyres
Useful by-product
Application in Construction
Tyre Derived Fuel (TDF)

8.  Application in Civil Technology:
Scrap tyre waste used as
following:
Pavements and
Highway
embankments
Fill Material
Ground improvement

9.  Usage of waste scrap tyre:
Form bank alongside
river
By-products
Rubberized
Powder
Rubber Crumbs
Tyre Shreds

10.  Soil Stabilization:
Soil Stabilization?
 Foundation in construction
Cost efficient
Solid waste
management
Tyre waste for Soil
Stabilization
 Geotechnical Properties
 Physical and chemical
stabilization

11.  Soil Stabilization as means of
improving strength parameters &
characteristics
Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) is an important of
material’s strength
The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) is the maximum
axial compressive stress that a right-cylindrical sample of material
can withstand under unconfined conditions

12.  Soil Stabilization as means of
improving strength parameters &
characteristics
The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test is a penetration test used to
evaluate the subgrade strength of roads and pavements
 Soil Stress Capacity
The bearing capacity of soil is
the maximum average contact
pressure between the foundation
and the soil

13.  Soil Stabilization as means of
improving strength parameters &
characteristics
 Permeability
Soil permeability is the property of the soil to
transmit water and air

14.  Relevant Researches on Soil
Stabilization:
Literature shows that, sand, slag, lime, cement, fly ash and
scrap tyres has been used to reinforced weak soil to withstand
stress and load.
Many studies have suggested reinforcing soils with types and
various other admixtures gave the ability to improve soil
texture and properties.

15.  Cost effectivity of scrap tyre:
Ramaji, (2012) analyzed the cost and performance efficient
methods for soil stabilization in his review article
Cement, Lime, fly ash and scrap tyre stabilized the soil
behavior.
Scrap tyre was among the cost efficient methods for soil
stabilization and the size of rubber and chips was suggested
to have an influence on the behavior of soil.

16.  Ground improvement using tyre waste
Tyre shreds, chips, rubberized powder improves UCS, CBR and
other parameters.
Needs testing through accurate value
The interaction of clay with rubber fiber, crumb rubber &
shredded chips for geotechnical improvement
An optimum percentage of 7% -10% addition of scrap tyres
has reported to show a positive effect on the UCS & CBR
values however any further addition resulted in a downward
trend

17.  Ground improvement using tyre waste
Scrap tyre waste has also shown to improve the ductility, permeability,
and internal angle friction of the soil.
Also curing periods of the reinforced samples has shown improvement
in the strength parameters of soil.
Yadav & Tiwari study reinforced a cement stabilized clay soil with
shredded rubber to further improve the soil properties
Therefore, binding agents such as lime, cement and other additives can
also enhance the ground improvement

18.  Stabilization of weak soil: PEAT
Saberian, Rahgozar & Wong’s study culminates that reinforcement of
peat with slag, sand & tyre scraps can influence the peat behaviour
making it suitable for construction.
Properties of Peat
Peat is classified as highly organic soil,formed when organic matter
accumulates more quickly than it decays.
 Low shear strength
 High water content
 Low compressibility

19.  Identified gap & Research Motivation
While there are extensive studies and body of
work available for stabilization of clay properties
& characteristics
Through the literature I could only come across
Saberian & Rahgozar work explored the effect of
scrap tyres on stabilization of peat.

20.  Identified gap & Research Motivation
Secondly Rahgozar’s & Saberian studies of peat stabilization
are from the peat lands of certain geographical area.
There is some conjecture in the literature that clay & tyre shreds have
shown some weak binding & issue in homogeneity of misture which
might have an effect on the result.
Therefore stabilization of peat is an area which hasn’t been
researched extensively as compared to clay

21.  Research Question
How will the peat samples from Australian wetlands be influenced by
the reinforcement of shredded tyre chips and fine rubber crumb on
the measures of Permeability, internal angle of friction, cohesion
coefficient, unconfined compressive strength and California bearing
ratio
Additionally, what will be the effect of curing period
and addition of binders such as sand and lime on the
test samples?

22.  Research Design & Methodolgy
 Experimental design will be used.
 Procurement of peat samples from peatlands
of Australia
 Shredded chips & rubber crumb at 5%, 10%,
15% & 20% reinforced in the soil samples
 Addition of a constant dose of sand as filler
(Saberian & Rahgozar, 2016)
 Interaction of lime as binding agent with
scrap tyre (2.5%, 5%, 7.5% & 10%
 Curing period, 7, 14 & 28 days• Unconfined compressive
strength
• California bearing ratio
• Permeability
• Internal angle of friction
• Cohesion

23.  References
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2337351/Worlds-biggest-tyre-
graveyard-Incredible-images-Kuwaiti-landfill-site-huge-seen-space.html
https://researchbank.swinburne.edu.au/file/b44209fe-37d8-4a4c-ad4a-
1e637af1465d/1/PDF%20%28Accepted%20manuscript%29.pdf
https://researchbank.swinburne.edu.au/file/b44209fe-37d8-4a4c-ad4a-
1e637af1465d/1/PDF%20%28Accepted%20manuscript%29.pdf